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toxoplasma gondii GRA15II effector-induced M1 cells ameliorate liver fibrosis in mice infected with Schistosomiasis japonica

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第2期15卷 120-134页

作者： Yuanyuan Xie Huiqin Wen Ke Yan Shushu Wang Xuesong Wang Jian Chen Yuanling Li Yuanhong Xu Zhengrong Zhong Jilong Shen Deyong Chu Department of Pathogen Biology Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses Anhuiand Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230022China Department of Immunology Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230022China Department of Blood Transfusion The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230022China Department of Laboratory Diagnosis The Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu233004AnhuiChina Pediatrics Department of Affiliated Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230001China Intensive Care Unit of Affiliated Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230001China

Recent studies indicated that type II toxoplasma gondii(Tg)GRA15II favored the generation of classically activated macrophages(M1),whereas type I/III TgROP16I/III promoted the polarization of alternatively activated macrophages(M2).A number of studies have demonstrated that M2 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of the liver fibrogenesis caused by Schistosoma *** purpose of the present study was to explore the inhibitory effect of toxoplasma-derived TgGRA15II on mouse hepatic fibrosis with *** gra15II and rop16I/III genes were amplified from strains *** PRU and Chinese 1 Wh3,*** vectors containing the gra15II or rop16I/III plasmid were constructed and used to infect the RAW264.7 cell *** polarization of the transfected cells was evaluated,followed by co-culture of the biased macrophages with mouse hepatic stellate JS1 ***,mice were injected with GRA15II-driven macrophages via the tail vein and infected with *** ***15II induced a M1-biased response,whereas TgROP16I/III drove the macrophages to a M2-like *** in vitro experiments indicated that JS1 cell proliferation and collagen synthesis were decreased following co-culture with TgGRA15II-activated ***,mice inoculated with TgGRA15II-biased macrophages displayed a notable alleviation of collagen deposition and granuloma formation in their liver *** results suggest that TgGRA15II-induced M1 cells may dampen the M2 dominant pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis and *** results provide insights into the use of parasite-derived immunomodulators as potential anti-fibrosis agents and to re-balance the schistosomiasis-induced immune response.

关键词： fibrosis GRA15II ROP16I/III schistosomiasis toxoplasma gondii

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toxoplasma gondii infection can induce retinal DNA damage: an experimental study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第3期7卷 431-436页

作者： Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed Eman Mohamed Aly Department of Medical Parasitology Research Institute of Ophthalmology Department of Basic Science Biophysics and Laser Science Unit Research Institute of Ophthalmology

AIM:To detect whether toxoplasma gondii(***)infection of mice can induce retinal DNA ***:A total of 20 laboratory-bred male Swiss albino mice were used and divided into four groups:control group(non-infected animals);*** infected group;immunosuppressed infected group;and infected group treated with sulfadiazine and *** eyes were collected 6wk post infection and retinas were *** retina was immediately processed for comet assay and the frequency of tailed nuclei(DNA damage)was *** addition,retinal DNA damage was revealed by various comet assay parameters that were provided by the image analysis software including tail length,percentage of DNA in the tail,percentage of tailed cells and tail ***:The obtained results showed that *** infection induced a statistically significant increase in the frequency of tailed nuclei,tail length,percentage of DNA in the tail,and tail moment in mice retinal cells compared to the control group(which showed some degree of DNA damage).In immunosuppressed infected group,retinal DNA damage was severing and there was significant increase in various comet assay parameters compared to both control and infected *** treatment with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine,retinal DNA damage decreased and all comet assay parameters showed a statistical significant decrease compared to infected ***:*** infection can induce DNA damage in mice retinal cells.

关键词： toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis DNA damage comet assay

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toxoplasma gondii infection among chronic hepatitis C patients:A casecontrol study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第8期7卷 589-593页

作者： Hala A El-Nahas Nora L El-Tantawy Raghda E Farag Argaya MA Alsalem Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University Faculty of Science Sebha Unirersity

Objective:To determine the detection rate of anti-toxoplasma gondii(***) IgG and IgM in chronic HCV patients attending the Department of Tropical Medicine Mansoura University hospital in ***:This study included 120 adult chronic HCV patients.81 decompensate cirrhosis(late-stage)and 39 chronic HCV non cirrhotic patients(early-stage) and40 healthy blood donors as *** samples uere examined for anti-toxoplasma IgM and anti-toxoplasma IgG antibodies by ***-time RT-polymerase chain reaction assay was done for quantitation of hepatitis C ***:*** IgG antibodies were detected in 75(92.6%) of 81 late-stage cirrhotic patients.30(76.9%) of the 39 chronic HCV non cirrhotic patients(early-Stage) and in 6(15ft) of 40 controls with statistically significant difference(P<0.001).*** IgM antibodies were found in 11(13.6%) in late stage patients,5(12.8%)in early stage and in 3(7.5%) of controls with no statistical significant difference(P=0.610).There was no correlation between stage of fibrosis and IgM or IgG antibodies positivity in our studied groups(P=0.526).High IgG levels significantly correlated with high viral load(P=0.026).Conclusions:Our findings suggest that the serious opportunistic *** infection represent a potential significant risk for chronic HCV *** should be considered in their investigations and follow-up.

关键词： toxoplasma gondii HCV ELISA Real-time PCR

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Research Progress on the Association between Schizophrenia and toxoplasma gondii Infection

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 647-660页

作者： Yiting Zhu Xiaohui Yang Miaoru Chen Yu Hu Yunfeng Chang Xiang Wu Department of Forensic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Nursing Department The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Basic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Parasitology Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina

toxoplasma gondii(*** or Tg),is an obligatory intracellular parasite with humans as its intermediate *** recent years,significant correlations between *** infection and schizophrenia have been reported,including the possible mediating ***,mechanisms and hypotheses focus on central neurotransmitters,immunity,neuroinflammation,and epigenetics;however,the exact underlying mechanisms remain *** this article,we review the studies related to *** infection and schizophrenia,particularly the latest research *** on dopamine(DA)and other neurotransmitters,the blood-brain barrier,inflammatory factors,disease heterogeneity,and other confounders is also *** addition,we also summarized the results of some new epidemiological investigations.

关键词： toxoplasma gondii Schizophrenia Neurotransmitters Neuroinflammation Immunity Epigenetics

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Investigation on the co-infections of toxoplasma gondii with PRRSV, CSFV or PCV-2 in swine in part of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第9期14卷 1838-1844页

作者： WANG Shuai ZHANG Meng LIU Xin-chao LIN Tao YANG Han-chun YUAN Shi-shan ZHAO Guang-wei IA Hassan YAN Ruo-feng SONG Xiao-kai XU Li-xin LI Xiang-rui College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Department of Swine Infectious Diseases Shanghai Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis Ministry of Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural University

The objective of the present investigation was to estimate the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection and co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), classical swine fever virus(CSFV) and porcine circovirus type 2(PCV-2) in pigs in China. A total of 372 tissues or serum samples collected from pigs distributed in 9 provinces/municipalities of China during the period from February 2011 to November 2012 were assayed for T. gondii antigens and antibodies using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) technique, while the PCR was designed for the detection of the PRRSV, CSFV and PCV-2, respectively. The total positive rate of T. gondii, PRSSV, CSFV and PCV-2 was 9.14%(34/372), 50.00%(186/372), 37.10%(138/372) and 3.23%(12/372), respectively. Among the 34 T. gondii positive samples, 26 samples were simultaneously infected with T. gondii and viruses, while the remaining eight samples were infected with T. gondii alone. In addition, the co-infection rate of T. gondii with PRSSV, T. gondii with PRSSV and CSFV, T. gondii with PRSSV and PCV-2, T. gondii with CSFV and PCV-2, T. gondii with PRSSV, CSFV and PCV-2 was 1.61%(6/372), 4.03%(15/372), 0.27%(1/372), 0.27%(1/372) and 0.81%(3/372), respectively. The results of the present survey revealed that PRRSV and CSFV were the common pathogens co-existing with porcine toxoplasmosis in China, and both of them could increase the chances of T. gondii infection in pig. This is the first report of T. gondii co-infections with viruses in pigs. It is very important to understand the interactions of parasite and virus, and can be used as reference data for the control and prevention of co-infections of T. gondii and viruses in pigs.

关键词： toxoplasma gondii coinfection PRRSV CSFV PCV-2 pig

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Isolation and Molecular Characterization of toxoplasma gondii from Chickens in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第8期11卷 1347-1353页

作者： ZHAO Guang-wei SHEN Bo XIE Qing XU Li-xin YAN Ruo-feng SONG Xiao-kai Hassan Ibrahim Adam LI Xiang-rui College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University

One strain of toxoplasma gondii was successfully isolated from chickens in China by bioassay in mice. Antibodies and circulating antigens of T. gondii were assayed by the ELISA kits in 100 free range chickens from a rural area surrounding Funing, China. Fifty-three chickens were antibody-positive and 21 chickens were antigen positive. Hearts, brains, spleens, lungs, livers, and kidneys of 21 antibody or antigen-positive chickens were bioassayed in mice. One strain of T. gondii was isolated from 1 of 21 （4.76%） chickens. The isolated T. gondii killed all of the inoculated mice. Genotyping of this isolate using polymorphisms at the loci 5′-SAG2, 3′-SAG2, SAG3, cB21-4, L358, BTUB, and GRA6 revealed that it was Type I. These indicated that it was virulent for mice. This is the first report of isolation of T. gondii from chickens in China.

关键词： toxoplasma gondii chickens China isolation

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Protective effect of DNA-mediated immunization with liposome-encapsulated GRA4 against infection of toxoplasma gondii

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第7期10卷 512-521页

作者： Rui CHEN Shao-hong LU Qun-bo TONG Di LOU Dong-yan SHI Bing-bing JIA Guo-ping HUANG Jin-fu WANG College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Institute of Parasitology Zhejiang Academy of Medical Science Hangzhou 310013 China

The dense granule protein 4 （GRA4） is a granular protein from toxoplasma gondii, and is a candidate for vaccination against this parasite. In this study, the plasmid pcDNA3, 1-GRA4 （pGRA4）, encoding for the GRA4 antigen, was incorporated by the dehydration-rehydration method into liposomes composed of 16 mmol/L egg phosphatidylcholine （PC）, 8 mmol/L dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine （DOPE）, and 4 mmol/L 1,2-diodeoyl-3-（trimethylammonium） propane （DOTAP）. C57BL/6 mice and BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly three times with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 to determine whether DNA immunization could elicit a protective immune response to T. gondii. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） of sera from immunized mice showed that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 generated high levels of IgG antibodies to GRA4. Production of primary interferon （IFN）-7 and interleukin （IL）-2 in GRA4-stimulated splenocytes from vaccinated mice suggested a modulated Th 1-type response. 72.7% of C57BL/6 mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 survived the challenge with 80 tissue cysts of ME49 strain, whereas C57BL/6 mice immunized with pGRA4 had only a survival rate of 54.5%. When immunized BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally challenged with 103 tachyzoites of the highly virulent RH strain, the survival time of mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 was markedly longer than that of other groups. Our observations show that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 enhanced the protective effect against infection of T. gondii.

关键词： DNA vaccine Granule protein 4 (GRA4) Liposome toxoplasma gondii

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Detection of toxoplasma gondii in chicken and soil of chicken farms in Nanjing region,China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 532-539页

作者： Xin-Chao Liu Yu He Deng-Ge Han Zhen-Chao Zhang Ke Li Shuai Wang Li-Xin Xu Ruo-Feng Yan Xiang-Rui Li College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095People’s Republic of China

Background:Soil is increasingly recognized as an important source in the transmission of toxoplasma gondii(***).The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of *** in the soil and to grasp the relationships between the contamination of soil and chicken ***:PCR method based on ***-conserved gene internal transcribed spacer 1(ITS-1)as target gene and ELISA method(sGRA8-ELISA)using the recombinant protein of shortened GRA8 gene of *** as antigen were developed and *** April 2013 to March 2014,a total of 700 soil samples were collected at various sites located in thirty farms categorized as free range farm and scale farm in Nanjing,Jiangsu,China,in different ***,a total of 350 sera of chickens were collected from free range farms to determine the presence of antibodies against *** using ***:The serological results showed that,antibodies were found in 194 of 250(67.14%)samples from farms with *** positive in soil and 41 of 100 samples from farms with *** negative in soil(41.00%)(P<0.01).The PCR detection of soil samples showed that,7(2.0%)of 350 samples collected from feeding zone in free range farms were found positive of ***,whereas no sample was positive in scale *** the seasonal detections,*** was found in 6(3.33%)samples collected in autumn and 1(0.56%)collected in ***:The results indicated that the contamination of *** in soil in the free range farms was higher than that in the scale farms and seroprevalence of *** in chickens in the farm with soil contamination was higher than that with no soil *** soil contamination might be an effective indicator of *** infection in chickens.

关键词： toxoplasma gondii Chickens farms Soil Chicken

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Seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in arthritis patients in eastern China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1362-1368页

作者： Ai-Ling Tian Yuan-Lin Gu Na Zhou Wei Cong Guang-Xing Li Hany M.Elsheikha Xing-Quan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu ProvinceLanzhou Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhouGansu Province 730046People’s Republic of China Weihaiwei People’s Hospital WeihaiShandong Province 264200People’s Republic of China Affilliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong Province 266000People’s Republic of China School of Basic Medicine Dali UniversityDaliYunnan Province 671000People’s Republic of China Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLoughborough LE125RDUK

Background:There is accumulating evidence for an increased susceptibility to infection in patients with *** sought to understand the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in arthritis patients in eastern China,given the paucity of data on the magnitude of *** infection in these ***:Seroprevalence of *** infection was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a crude antigen of the parasite in 820 arthritic patients,and an equal number of healthy controls,from Qingdao and Weihai cities,eastern ***,clinical and lifestyle information on the study participants were also ***:The prevalence of *** IgG was significantly higher in arthritic patients(18.8%)compared with 12%in healthy controls(P<0.001).Twelve patients with arthritis had *** IgM antibodies-comparable with 10 control patients(1.5%vs 1.2%).Demographic factors did not significantly influence these seroprevalence *** highest *** infection seropositivity rate was detected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(24.8%),followed by reactive arthritis(23.8%),osteoarthritis(19%),infectious arthritis(18.4%)and gouty arthritis(14.8%).Seroprevalence rates of rheumatoid arthritis and reactive arthritis were significantly higher when compared with controls(P<0.001 and P=0.002,respectively).A significant association was detected between *** infection and cats being present in the home in arthritic patients(odds ratio[OR],1.68;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.24-2.28;P=0.001).Conclusions:These findings are consistent with and extend previous results,providing further evidence to support a link between contact with cats and an increased risk of *** *** study is also the first to confirm an association between *** infection and arthritis patients in *** for better prevention and control of *** infection in arthritis patients are *** registration:This is an epidem

关键词： toxoplasma gondii Autoimmunity Arthritis Seroprevalence Risk factors

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A community-based survey of toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in rural areas of Taiz governorate,Yemen:the risk of waterborne transmission

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 219-224页

作者： Mohammed A.K.Mahdy Lina M.Q.Alareqi Rashad Abdul-Ghani Samira M.A.Al-Eryani Abdullah A.Al-Mikhlafy Abdulsalam M.Al-Mekhlafi Fawzya Alkarshy Rohela Mahmud Tropical Disease Research Center University of Science and TechnologySana’aYemen Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesSana’a UniversitySana’aYemen Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Community Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Science and TechnologySana’aYemen Yemeni-Swedish Hospital Ministry of Public Health and PopulationTaizYemen

Background:toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic coccidian parasite causing morbidity and *** Yemen,*** infection has been reported among pregnant women seeking healthcare in the main ***,no data are available on the prevalence of *** infection and its associated risk factors among pregnant women in the rural communities of the ***,the present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of *** and identify its risk factors among pregnant women in the rural communities of Taiz governorate,***:A total of 359 pregnant women living in the rural communities of Taiz governorate were enrolled in this study by house-to-house *** were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire,and blood samples were collected and tested for the detection of *** IgM and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***:The prevalence of *** infection among pregnant women in this study was 46.2%(166/359).Bivariate analysis identified the age of≥30 years(odds ratio[OR]=1.7;95%confidence interval[CI]=1.09-2.65,P=0.019)and unimproved water sources(OR=2.2;95%CI=1.10-4.55,P=0.023)as factors associated with *** infection among pregnant *** multivariable analysis,however,identified unimproved water sources as an independent risk factor(adjusted OR=2.4;95%CI=1.16-5.0,P=0.018)associated with *** infection among pregnant ***:Pregnant women in the rural communities of Taiz,Yemen are at high risk of contracting *** *** water sources(wells,water streams and water tanks)are significantly associated with *** infection and should be considered in prevention and control strategies,especially among pregnant women.

关键词： toxoplasma gondii Rural communities Pregnant women Waterborne transmission Yemen

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