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toxicological effects of rare earth yttrium on wheat seedlings(Triticum aestivum)

Journal of Rare Earths 2013年第12期31卷 1214-1220页

作者：冯秀娟朱国才李亚宁 Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Binhai College

This study examined the biochemical responses of wheat（Triticum aestivum） to the stress of rare earth yttrium（Y） and showed that 25–100 mg/kg Y treatments evidently increased the biomass（root mass,shoot mass and leaf mass）,accompanied by a significant（p0.05） increase in the chlorophyll（CHL） content in wheat *** malondialdehyde（MDA） levels were detected in wheat shoots（stem and leaf） and roots too,indicating the presence of poisoning active oxygen species（AOS）.The MDA content in wheat roots increased with the augmentation of Y *** results indicated that there was a dose-dependent effect of Y on the changes of MDA content in wheat *** the activities of superoxide dismutases（SOD）,peroxidases（POD） and catalases（CAT） in wheat shoots and roots irregularly fluctuated with the increase in Y concentration,25–100 mg/kg Y significantly（p0.01） increased the activities of SOD and *** general,the dose-dependent effects of Y on the activity of antioxidant enzymes were *** data also indicated that the increase in SOD and POD activities could be used as a good biomarker for the stress induced by low concentrations of Y.

关键词： rare earth elements(REEs) toxicological effects oxidative stress wheat(Triticum aestivum)

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Phytotoxicity of cadmium on protein, proline and antioxidant enzyme activities in growing Arachis hypogaea L. seedlings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第2期20卷 199-206页

作者： N Dinakar P C Nagajyothi S Suresh Y Udaykiran T Damodharam Department of Environmental Sciences Sri Venkateswara UniversityTirupatiAndhra Pradesh-517 502India.

Phytotoxicity of cadmium on growing Arachis hypogaea L. seedlings was studied. Seeds were exposed to 25, 50, and 100 μmol/L CdCl2 concentrations, for a period of 10, 15, 20 and 25 d. The extent of damage to chlorophyll, protein, proline, nitrate and nitrite reductase, antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves and roots were evaluated after 10 d of cadmium stress. The higher concentration of cadmium （100 μmol/L） resulted （leaves and roots） total chlorophyll 91.01%, protein 79.51%, 83.61%, nitrate reductase 79.39%, 80.72% and nitrite reductase 77.07%, 75.88% activity decreased with increase in cadmium concentrations and exposure periods. Cadmium caused significant changes in the activity of antioxidative enzymes. Contrastingly Cd treated plant tissues showed an increase in proline 159.87%, 239.6%, gluthion reductase （GR） 337.72%, 306.14%, superoxide disumutase （SOD） 688.56%, 381.72%, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） 226.47%, 252.14%, peroxidase （POD） 72.19%, 60.29% and catalase （CAT） 228.96%, 214.74% as compared to control. Cadmium stress caused a significant increase in the rate of SOD activity in leaves and roots of plant species. Results show the crop A. hypogaea is highly sensitive even at very low cadmium concentrations.

关键词： toxicological effects cadmium protein proline antioxidant enzymes

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Birds and plastic pollution:recent advances

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 591-599页

作者： Limin Wang Ghulam Nabi Liyun Yin Yanqin Wang Shuxin Li Zhuang Hao Dongming Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology Key Laboratory of Animal PhysiologyBiochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China

Plastic waste and debris have caused substantial environmental pollution globally in the past decades,and they have been accumulated in hundreds of terrestrial and aquatic avian *** are susceptible and vulnerable to external environments;therefore,they could be used to estimate the negative effects of environmental *** this review,we summarize the effects of macroplastics,microplastics,and plastic-derived additives and plastic-absorbed chemicals on ***,macroplastics and microplastics accumulate in different tissues of various aquatic and terrestrial birds,suggesting that birds could suffer from the macroplastics and microplastics-associated contaminants in the aquatic and terrestrial ***,the detrimental effects of macroplastics and microplastics,and their derived additives and absorbed chemicals on the individual survival,growth and development,reproductive output,and physiology,are summarized in different birds,as well as the known toxicological mechanisms of plastics in laboratory model ***,we identify that human commensal birds,long-life-span birds,and model bird species could be utilized to different research objectives to evaluate plastic pollution burden and toxicological effects of chronic plastic exposure.

关键词： Birds Microplastics pollution Plastics pollution toxicological effects

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