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Insights into adsorbent tortuosity across aqueous adsorption systems

Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 71-88页

作者： Ackmez Mudhoo Marta Otero Khim Hoong Chu Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MauritiusRéduit 80837Mauritius Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics Universidad de LeónCampus de Vegazana 24071 LeónSpain Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

Pore network,pore connectivity,and the resulting effective adsorbate pore diffusivity within an adsorbent are critical physical considerations in mass transport modeling of aqueous adsorption.Tied to these three adsorbent features are the adsorbent tortuosity and tortuosity factor concepts.These concepts encompass the collective hindrance to intra-adsorbent adsorbate transport arising because of a disorderly adsorbent porous topology.It is crucial for materials scientists,chemists,chemical engineers,and water treatment specialists to understand the complex and variable connections among adsorbate chemistry,adsorbent chemistry,adsorbent porosity,pore shape,size,and tortuosity,pore wall effect,adsorbate-adsorbent interactions,and adsorbate-adsorbate interactions in competitively contaminated aqueous environments.Adsorbent tortuosity has been sporadically studied in aqueous adsorption models.Despite the small population of these studies,insightful observations and inferences have been reported.However,as it appears,no review has been published to compile,compare,and contrast these aspects.Hence,this review concisely brings up those observations and interpretations around adsorbent tortuosity for aqueous adsorption systems.The notion of an adsorbent's tortuosity being single-valued is argued to be imprecise.Finally,perspectives are aired on possible research and development directions for elucidating the dynamic attributes of adsorbent tortuosity and applying them in real-scale adsorption-oriented water purification.The data acquired by filling in these research gaps can enable the design of adsorbents more adapted for real-scale water purification.

关键词： Adsorbent tortuosity Porosity Pore diffusion models Aqueous systems

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Investigations of Water Flow Behaviors Induced by Local Temperature Variations through a Single Rough Fracture for the Enhanced Geothermal Systems

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1055-1064页

作者： LI Jiawei YE Lin Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Power and Energy Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

In recent years,Enhanced Geothermal System(EGS)technologies have been applied to the geothermal resources production in the Hot Dry Rock(HDR).The core of EGS technologies is to adopt hydraulic fracturing in the reservoir to create a connected network of discrete fractures with the consideration of water as a working fluid for hydraulic fracturing and heat production.This paper investigates the characteristics of water flow behaviors through a single rough fracture under different temperature and pressure conditions.A single fracture model with rough fracture surfaces is constructed and then characterized,and influences of the anisotropic factor on the average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient of water flow through a single fracture with rough surfaces have been compared and analyzed.With consideration of other impacting factors(temperature,pressure,fracture roughness),the impact of mass flow rate has also been presented.Numerical simulation results present that changes of average tortuosity for water flow through a single rough facture are mainly affected by temperature.It can be observed that higher temperature leads to larger average tortuosity but the frictional resistance coefficient shows an opposite trend.As for pressure conditions,it is found that effects of pressure on average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient is very small,which can be neglected under high pressure conditions.Furthermore,the average tortuosity shows a progressively linear relationship with the mass flow rate.On the contrary,the frictional resistance coefficient has a negative relationship with the mass flow rate.It is revealed that when the mass flow rate reaches a critical point,the influences of temperature on the frictional resistance coefficient will be negligible.Comparisons of single rough fractures with different anisotropic factors show that values of average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient have positive relationships with the increase of anisotropic factors.

关键词： single rough fracture tortuosity frictional resistance enhanced geothermal system

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Manufacturing Water-Based Low-tortuosity Electrodes for Fast-Charge through Pattern Integrated Stamping

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第4期6卷 121-128页

作者： Haoze Ren Ying Wang Daxian Cao William Gedney Tongtai Ji Xiao Sun Hongli Zhu Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern UniversityBoston MA 02115USA

Achieving high energy density and fast charging of lithium-ion batteries can accelerate the promotion of electric vehicles.However,the increased mass loading causes poor charge transfer,impedes the electrochemical reaction kinetics,and limits the battery charging rate.Herein,this work demonstrated a novel pattern integrated stamping process for creating channels in the electrode,which benefits ion transport and increases the rate performance of the electrode.Meanwhile,the pressure applied during the stamping process improved the contact between electrode and current collector and also enhanced the mechanical stability of the electrode.Compared to the conventional bar-coated electrode with the same thickness of 155μm(delivered a discharge capacity of 16 mAh g^(−1) at the rate of 3 C),the stamped low-tortuosity LiFePO_(4) electrode delivered 101 mAh g^(−1) capacity.Additionally,water was employed as a solvent in this study.Owing to its eco-friendliness,high scalability,and minimal waste generation,this novel stamping technique inspire a new method for the industrial-level efficient roll to roll fabrication of fast-charge electrodes.

关键词： fast charging kinetic lithium-ion batteries tortuosity water solvent

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Plot investigation on rill flow resistance due to path tortuosity

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 602-609页

作者： Francesco G.Carollo Costanza Di Stefano Alessio Nicosia Vincenzo Palmeri Vincenzo Pampalone Vito Ferro Department of Agricultural Food and Forest SciencesUniversity of PalermoViale delle ScienzeBuilding 490128PalermoItaly NBFC National Biodiversity Future Center90133PalermoItaly

The path tortuosity t is an indicator of rill morphology accounting for the deviation of the thalweg from a straight alignment.The effect of t on flow resistance has been little investigated for rills.This paper reports the results of a plot investigation aimed to establish the suitable accuracy of the rill thalweg measurement to determine the tortuosity parameter and to test the reliability of a theoretical flow resistance law.Four rills were incised in clay soil(CS)and clay-loam soil(LS)and shaped by a clear flow discharge.The three-dimensional Digital Terrain Models were created by the Structure from Motion technique.For rills on LS,an approximate thalweg was tracked by photo-interpretation,and a specific calculation routine was applied to identify the cross sections with a constant spacing d.The actual rill thalweg was obtained as the line joining the lowest points of these cross-sections.Among the different tested d values,d=0.075 m was chosen to determine t.For both CS and LS,the Darcy-Weisbach friction factorffeatured a non-monotonic relation with t,which was explained as the result of three additive components due to bed roughness,sediment transport,and localized energy losses due to curves.The effect of the former two components onff contrasts that of the third,resulting in a linearly decreasing f-t relationship and constant flow velocity for the three lowest tortuosity values,and an increased friction factor and reduced flow velocity for the highest tortuosity value.The flow resistance law was positively tested,and the predicted friction factor was dependent on t.

关键词： Rill erosion tortuosity Rill morphology Friction factor Rill flow resistance

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tortuosity for streamlines in porous media

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第4期21卷 364-369页

作者：寇建龙唐学明张海燕陆杭军吴锋民许友生董永胜 College of Mathematics Physics and Information EngineeringZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Department of Physics Jining Teachers CollegeJining 012000Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina

An analysis of tortuosity for streamlines in porous media is presented by coupling the circle and square models. It is assulued that some particles in porous media do not overlap and that fluid in porous media is incompressible. The relationship between tortuosity and porosity is attained with different configurations by using a statistical method. In addition, the tortuosity fractal dimension is expressed as a function of porosity. Those correlations do not include any empirical constant. The percolation threshold and tortuosity fractal dimension threshold of porous media are also presented as： φc = 0.32, DT,： = 1.07. The predicted correlations of the tortuosity and the porosity agree well with the existing experimental and simulated results.

关键词： tortuosity tortuosity fractal dimension porous media

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Simulation of the relationship between porosity and tortuosity in porous media with cubic particles

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第10期21卷 1-8页

作者：唐晓武孙祖峰程冠初 MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Department of Civil EngineeringZhejiang University

tortuosity is an important parameter used in areas such as vascular medicine,neurobiology,and the field of soil permeability and diffusion to express the mass transport in porous media.It is a function of the porosity and the shape and distribution of particles.In this paper,the tortuosity of cubic particles is calculated.With the assumption that the porous medium is homogeneous,the problem is converted to the micro-level over a unit cell,and geometry models of flow paths are proposed.In three-dimensional（3D） cells,the flow paths are too complicated to define.Hence,the 3D models are converted to two-dimensional（2D） models to simplify the calculation process.It is noticed that the path in the 2D model is shorter than that in the 3D model.As a result,triangular particles and the interaction are also taken into consideration to account for the longer distance respectively.We have proposed quadrate particle and interaction（QI） and quadrate and triangular particle（QT） models with cubic particles.Both models have shown good agreement with the experimental data.It is also found that they can predict the toruosities of some kinds of porous media,like freshwater sediment and Negev chalk.

关键词： tortuosity porosity porous media cubic particles

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Numerical Study on the tortuosity of Porous Media via Lattice Boltzmann Method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第7期6卷 354-366页

作者： Jianhua Lu Zhaoli Guo Zhenhua Chai Baochang Shi State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

In this paper,we simulate the pressure driven fluid flow at the pore scale level through 2-D porous media,which is composed of different curved channels via the lattice Boltzmann method.With this direct simulation,the relation between the tortuosity and the permeability is examined.The numerical results are in good agreement with the existing theory.

关键词： tortuosity lattice Boltzmann porous media pore scale

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A transient model integrating the nanoconfinement effect and pore structure characteristics of oil transport through nanopores

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3461-3477页

作者： Cheng Cao Bin Chang Zhao Yang Chao Gao School of Mathematics and Computer Science Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong723001ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi'an710069ShaanxiChina Shaanxi Polytechnic Institute Sch Civil EngnXianyang712000ShaanxiChina Research Institute of Shanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.Ltd Xi'an710075ShaanxiChina

Understanding the integrated transport behavior of oil in shale nanopores is critical to efficient shale oil development. In this paper, based on the time-dependent Poiseuille flow momentum equation, we present a novel transient model to describe oil transport in unsteady and steady states. The model incorporates the effect of the critical shift density, apparent viscosity, slip length, and alkane property, as well as pore tortuosity and surface roughness. We evaluated our model through a comparison with other models, experiments, and molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the development rates of the volume flows of C_(6)–C_(12) alkane confined in inorganic nanopores and C_(12) alkane confined in organic nanopores were faster than that of the corresponding bulk alkane. In addition, the critical drift density positively promoted the volume flow development rate in the unsteady state and negatively inhibited the mass flow rate in the steady state. This effect was clearest in pores with a smaller radius and lower-energy wall and in alkane with shorter chain lengths. Furthermore, both the nanoconfinement effect and pore structure determined whether the volume flow enhancement rate was greater than or less than 1. The rate increased or decreased with time and was controlled mainly by the nanoconfinement effect. Moreover, as the wall energy increased, the flow inhibition effect increased;as the carbon number of alkane increased, the flow promotion effect increased. The results indicate that the proposed model can accurately describe oil transport in shale nanopores.

关键词： Nanopores Transient transport Nanoconfinement effect tortuosity Roughness Allkane properties

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Insight into the effect of thick graphite electrodes towards high-performance cylindrical Ni-rich NCA90 Li-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 322-333,I0009页

作者： Nattanon Joraleechanchai Thitiphum Sangsanit Kan Homlamai Purin Krapong Montree Sawangphruk Centre of Excellence for Energy Storage Technology(CEST) Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringSchool of Energy Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and TechnologyRayong 21210Thailand

This study explored the complex effect of graphite tortuosity on the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich NCA90 Li-ion batteries(LIBs).Different levels of graphite anode tortuosity were analyzed,revealing that low-tortuosity electrodes had better graphite utilization.The in-plane tortuosities of the graphite anode electrodes examined were 1.70,1.94,2.05,and 2.18,while their corresponding through-plane tortuosities were 4.74,6.94,8.19,and 9.80.In-operando X-ray diffraction and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry were employed to investigate the charge storage mechanism and gas evolution.The study revealed that while graphite electrode tortuosity impacted the amount of Li present in the lithiated graphite phase due to diffusion constraints,it did not affect gas generation.The Li-ion utilization in low-tortuosity electrodes was higher than that in high-tortuosity electrodes because of solid-diffusion limitations.Additionally,the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT) was employed to investigate a lithium-ion diffusion coefficient.Our results indicate that the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient exhibits a significant difference only during LiC_(6) phase transition.We also observed that the use of a lower tortuosity electrode leads to improved lithium-ion insertion.Consequently,graphite utilization is influenced by the porous electrode design.Safety tests adhering to UN38.3 guidelines verified battery safety.The study demonstrated the practical application of optimized NCA90 LIB cells with diverse graphite electrode tortuosities in a high-performance Lamborghini GoKart,paving the way for further advancements in Ni-rich LIB technology.

关键词： Li-ion batteries tortuosity Ni-rich NCA90 cathode On-line gas detection In-operando XRD

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Measurement of pore diffusion factor of porous solid materials

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Petroleum Science 2022年第4期19卷 1897-1904页

作者： Jin-Tao Guo Ya-Qian Wei Sheng-Li Chen Wei Sun Ting-Ting Fan Ming-Ri Xu Chang-Cheng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Chemical EngineeringChina University of Petroleum-BeijingBejing102249China Petrochemical Research Institute of PetroChina Company Limited Daqing163000HeilongjiangChina

Internal diffusion of molecules in porous materials plays an important role in many chemical processes.However, the pore diffusion capacity of porous materials cannot be measured by conventional catalyst characterization methods. In the present paper, a pore diffusion factor, the ratio of the diffusionconstriction factor to the pore tortuosity of the porous materials, was proposed to measure the diffusion ability of pores inside solid materials, and a method was proposed for measuring the diffusion factor using a well-defined and uniform pore size material as a reference. The diffusion factor was calculated based on the effective diffusion coefficients and the diffusion-constriction factor and pore tortuosity of the reference porous materials. The pore diffusion factor measurement can be performed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The pore diffusion factor of conventional porous materials was found to be much smaller than 1, indicating that there is a lot of room for improving the diffusion ability of the conventional catalysts and adsorbents, and could be significantly increased through adding small number of fibers into the conventional porous materials as template.

关键词： Porous materials Well-defined and uniform pore structure materials Internal diffusion Diffusion factor tortuosity

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