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topographical relief characteristics and its impact on population and economy:A case study of the mountainous area in western Henan,China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第4期29卷 598-612页

作者： ZHANG Jingjing ZHU Wenbo ZHU Lianqi CUI Yaoping HE Shasha REN Han College of Environment and Planning Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004HenanChina

topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas.The limitation is especially apparent in the mountain?plain t「ansition zone.Taking the transition zone between the Qinling Mountains and the North China Plain(i.***.the mountainous area in western Henan Province)as an example and based on the 200-m resolution DEM data,we used the mean change-point analysis to determine the optimal statistical unit for topographical relief,and thereafter extracted the relief degree.Taking the 1:100,000 land use data,township population and county-level industrial data,population and economic spatial models were constructed,and 200?m resolution grid population and economic density maps were gen erated.Afterwards,statistical analysis was carried out to quantitatively reveal the impact of topographical relief on population and economy.In addition,the impacts of other topographical factors were discussed.The results showed the following.(1)The relief degree in western Henan is generally low,where 58.6%of the regional topography does not exceed half the height of a reference mountain(relative elevation W250 m).Spatially,the relief degree is high in the west while low in the east,and high in the middle while low in the north and south.There is a positive correlation between relief degree and elevation,and a much stronger correlation between relief degree and slope.(2)The linear fitting degree between the population and economic validation data and the corresponding simulation data are 0.943 and 0.909,respectively,indicating that the spatialized results can reflect the actual population and economic distribution.(3)The impact of topographical relief on population and economy was stronger than that of other topographical factors.The relief degree showed a good logarithmic fit relati on ship with population density(0.911)and economic density(0.874).Specifically,88.65%of the population lives in areas where the topographical relief is W0.5 and 88.03%of the gross regional produ

关键词： topographical relief population and economy land use spatialization grid western Henan mountainous area

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Dust as a Potential Tracer for the Flow over Different topographical Shapes Employing MODIS-Terra Observations

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International Journal of Geosciences 2018年第7期9卷 428-434页

作者： Joseph Barkan Pinhas Alpert Dept. Geophysics School of Geosciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel

The hypothesis, that the magnitude of the Froude number can represent the flow type around an obstacle was examined at several different topographical shapes in dust-laden environments. It was found that in most cases this hypothesis was true. Average of 16 May months AOT data extracted from the MODIS Terra satellite has shown that in case of Froude number less than one, the AOT isolines tend to follow the topographical contours of the mountain peak (the obstacle) along with a minimum AOT near the peak.

关键词： Froude Number Dust MODIS topographical Obstacles

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Quantitative Estimation of Altimetric Variations Using Residual DEM from topographical Maps between Two Epochs 1893 and 1985: Case Study: The Endorheic Basin of Enfidha-Tunisia

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2019年第4期11卷 429-456页

作者： Noamen Rebai Abdelkader Moussi University of Tunis El Manar National School of Engineering of Tunis LR14ES03 Geotechnical Engineering and Georisk Laboratory Tunis Tunisia

This article endeavours to analyse the recent deformation in the Enfidha region. This analysis has been carried out using the Residual Digital Elevation Model (DEM). It is the altimetric difference between two DEM generated from the contour lines of two topographical maps over a period of 100 years. This deformation has been studied by some authors who report the presence of recent ground movements by comparing contour lines with a downward trend in elevation from 1893 to 1985. In 2006, this study area was marked by the presence of two earthquakes that occurred in several coastal cities located in the northeastern part of Tunisia. Our study involves a quantitative estimation of altimetric variations under a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Our proposed methodology aims at the mapping of residual (DEM) and the extraction of parameters that have a morphological and morphostructural signature. The extraction of quantitative morphostructural parameters requires the integration of multi-source and multi-scale data. This can only be done if the problem of heterogeneity at the level of scale and coordinate system is solved through the use of GIS tools and the obtainment of the vectorial shapefile format. Then, in order to compare the DEM generation errors with reference to recent and old data, they must be projected in the same projection system and on the same scale. The available data are two topographic maps of Enfidha which represent two different epochs. The first one is an old topographic map of 1893 (type 1922) at a scale of 1:50,000 and the second one is a recent topographic map of 1985 at a scale of 1:25,000. These topographical maps have the Lambert (IGN) projection system. This methodological approach, based on residual (DEM), allows to highlight an estimated subsidence of 3 m/100years located in the Enfidha plain and extends to the south coast of Cap Bon area in Tunisia. The variation of the contour lines shape between the old and the recent map can be studied in correlation with a relay stru

关键词： Recent Deformation Residual Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Geographic Information System (GIS) topographical Maps Enfidha’s Endorheic Basin

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Evaluating the suitability of different terrains for sustaining human settlements according to the local elevation range in China using the ASTER GDEM

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第12期15卷 2741-2751页

作者： XIAO Chi-wei FENG Zhi-ming LI Peng YOU Zhen TENG Jia-kun Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The topographical suitability assessment of human settlements(SAHS) creates a solid foundation for regional population distribution and socio-economic development. Local elevation range(LER) is an important factor that can be used to assess the suitability of different terrains for sustaining human settlements. However, current digital elevation model(DEM)-based LER products suffer from some challenges typically because of their subjectively selected neighborhood scales and coarser spatial resolution. In this study, we initially determined the optimal statistical window and then calculated the appropriate LER with the finer resolution data of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM(ASTER GDEM) products for China. Then, the appropriate LER was used to evaluate the topographical SAHS and its correlations with the national gridded population distribution(1 km × 1 km) in 2010. The results show that the optimal statistical window for calculating a 1 arc-second(about 30 m) resolution GDEM LER for China can be determined using a 51 × 51 grid unit(width × height) within a rectangular neighborhood, corresponding to an area of about 2.34 km^2. Secondly, the LER values in the southern and western China were greater than those of the north and east, showing a trend which consistently reflects the general spatial features of landforms. Finally, the relationship between GDEM LER and population density was highly correlated with the R^2 value of 0.81. It showed that 85.22% of the Chinese population was located in areas where the LER is lower than 500 m. The topographically suitable area within China decreased from the southeastern coastal zone towards the northwestern inland areas due to transition from plains and basins to plateaus and mountains. The total area of moderate to high suitable level was 423.84 × 10~4 km^2, or 44.15% of the total land area, with 88.17% of the national population. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of appropriate LER in evaluating the topographical SAHS as we

关键词： Human settlements topographical suitability Local elevation range (LER) Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM) China

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Determining the spatial distribution of soil properties using the environmental covariates and multivariate statistical analysis: a case study in semi-arid regions of Iran

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第4期11卷 551-566页

作者： Mojtaba ZERAATPISHEH Shamsollah AYOUBI Magboul SULIEMAN JesusRODRIGO-COMINO Department of Soil Science College of AgricultureIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan84156-83111Iran Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions College of Environment andPlanningHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China Department of Soil Science Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of KhuzestanAhvaz***Iran Department of Soil and Environment Sciences Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of KhartoumShambat13314Sudan Instituto de Geomorfologia y Suelos Department of GeographyUniversity of MalagaMalaga29071Spain

Natural soil-forming factors such as landforms, parent materials or biota lead to high variability in soil properties. However, there is not enough research quantifying which environmental factor(s) can be the most relevant to predicting soil properties at the catchment scale in semi-arid areas. Thus, this research aims to investigate the ability of multivariate statistical analyses to distinguish which soil properties follow a clear spatial pattern conditioned by specific environmental characteristics in a semi-arid region of Iran. To achieve this goal, we digitized parent materials and landforms by recent orthophotography. Also, we extracted ten topographical attributes and five remote sensing variables from a digital elevation model(DEM) and the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper(ETM), respectively. These factors were contrasted for 334 soil samples(depth of 0–30 cm). Cluster analysis and soil maps reveal that Cluster 1 comprises of limestones, massive limestones and mixed deposits of conglomerates with low soil organic carbon(SOC) and clay contents, and Cluster 2 is composed of soils that originated from quaternary and early quaternary parent materials such as terraces, alluvial fans, lake deposits, and marls or conglomerates that register the highest SOC content and the lowest sand and silt contents. Further, it is confirmed that soils with the highest SOC and clay contents are located in wetlands, lagoons, alluvial fans and piedmonts, while soils with the lowest SOC and clay contents are located in dissected alluvial fans, eroded hills, rock outcrops and steep hills. The results of principal component analysis using the remote sensing data and topographical attributes identify five main components, which explain 73.3% of the total variability of soil properties. Environmental factors such as hillslope morphology and all of the remote sensing variables can largely explain SOC variability, but no significant correlation is found for soil texture and calcium carbonate equivalent contents. Therefore, we conclude

关键词： soil properties remote sensing data topographical attributes multivariate statistical analyses geographic information systems land management

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AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION OF VALLEY BOUNDARY FROM DEMS IN THE HILLY LOESS PLATEAU

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Chinese Geographical Science 2000年第3期10卷 47-53页

作者： Ya-dong Qian Guo-nian Lu Zhong-ming Chen Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Geographical Information Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China

As an important geomorphological divide in the hilly Loess Plateau, valley boundary plays a pivotal role in the construction of distributed models for studying the processes and mechanism of soil erosion, sediment transfer and runoffs within a watershed. In the past, this boundary manually interpreted from large scale maps and aerial photographs. In this paper, the authors first present a simple and practical definition for topographic structures unique to the highly dissected topography in the hilly Loess Plateau in DEMs; then define the valley boundary cells in a DEM with the following features: 1) they are most likely located on a concave slope, 2) these cells have the sharpest transition in slope, 3) those cells on the downward side of the valley boundary should have a slope gradient larger than 20° ,4) as the boundary of the entire valley in a basin valley boundary must be continuous; then devise an algorithm to automatically delineate valley boundary from DEMs and implement it in a computer. This algorithm was applied to detect drainage networks and the valley boundary in the Wangjiagou basin in the hilly loess area of Lishi County, Shanxi Province, China from a 10 m DEM. The extracted results are highly comparable to those manually interpreted from aerial photographs.

关键词： valley boundary topographical features DEM Loess Plateau

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A　STUDY　ON　TYPHOON　MOVEMENT　PARTⅡ：　DYNAMICAL　ROLE　OF　SMALL　TOPOGRAPHY　AND　THE　PLANETARY　BOUNDARY　LAYER

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 1996年第2期2卷 113-118页

作者：贺海晏杨平章

ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＹＰＨＯＯＮＭＯＶＥＭＥＮＴＰＡＲＴⅡ：ＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＡＬＲＯＬＥＯＦＳＭＡＬＬＴＯＰＯＧＲＡＰＨＹＡＮＤＴＨＥＰＬＡＮＥＴＡＲＹＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹＬＡＹＥＲ￥ＨｅＨａｉｙａｎａｎｄＹａｎｇＰｉｎｇｚ... 详细信息

ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＹＰＨＯＯＮＭＯＶＥＭＥＮＴＰＡＲＴⅡ：ＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＡＬＲＯＬＥＯＦＳＭＡＬＬＴＯＰＯＧＲＡＰＨＹＡＮＤＴＨＥＰＬＡＮＥＴＡＲＹＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹＬＡＹＥＲ￥ＨｅＨａｉｙａｎａｎｄＹａｎｇＰｉｎｇｚｈａｎｇ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆ...

关键词： typhoon movement topographical forcing Ekman steering current

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