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Temporal and Spatial Variations in the Climate Controls of Vegetation Dynamics on the tibetan Plateau during 1982–2011

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第11期35卷 1337-1346页

作者： Ting HUA Xunming WANG Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity College of Urban and Environmental Science Northwest University Institute of Coastal Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

The ecosystem of the tibetan Plateau is highly susceptible to climate change. Currently, there is little discussion on the temporal changes in the link between climatic factors and vegetation dynamics in this region under the changing *** employing Normalized Difference Vegetation Index data, the Climatic Research Unit temperature and precipitation data,and the in-situ meteorological observations, we report the temporal and spatial variations in the relationships between the vegetation dynamics and climatic factors on the Plateau over the past three decades. The results show that from the early 1980s to the mid-1990s, vegetation dynamics in the central and southeastern part of the Plateau appears to show a closer relationship with precipitation prior to the growing season than that of temperature. From the mid-1990s, the temperature rise seems to be the key climatic factor correlating vegetation growth in this region. The effects of increasing temperature on vegetation are spatially variable across the Plateau: it has negative impacts on vegetation activity in the southwestern and northeastern part of the Plateau, and positive impacts in the central and southeastern Plateau. In the context of global warming, the changing climate condition(increasing precipitation and significant rising temperature) might be the potential contributor to the shift in the climatic controls on vegetation dynamics in the central and southeastern Plateau.

关键词： vegetation dynamics climate control temporal and spatial variations tibetan Plateau

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Environmental variation in central tibetan Plateau in the last 200 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2001年第S1期44卷 332-337页

作者：吴艳宏王苏民夏威岚朱育新尹宇 Lake Sedimentation and Environment Open Laboratory Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

Through the analyses on sediment lithology, ^(210)Pb and ^(137)Cs dating, carbonate content, Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca of Ostrocod, and carbon and oxygen stable isotope of carbonate of gravity core from Cuoe Lake in the Naqu area, tibetan Plateau, the paleolimnology was studied to investigate the environmental variation in the central tibetan Plateau in the last 200 years. It is inferred that the environmental variation has undergone two stages. The climate was arid in the early 100 years, while it became warmer and more humid in the later 100 years, with a period of 20 years for humidity change.

关键词： Cuoe Lake central tibetan Plateau carbonate content isotope.

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Underestimation of the Warming Trend over the tibetan Plateau during 1998–2013 by Global Land Data Assimilation Systems and Atmospheric Reanalyses

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第1期34卷 88-100页

作者： Peng JI Xing YUAN Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 School of Hydrology and Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044

Accurate surface air temperature(T2m)data are key to investigating eco-hydrological responses to global *** of sparse in-situ observations,T2m datasets from atmospheric reanalysis or multi-source observation-based land data assimilation system(LDAS)are widely used in research over alpine regions such as the tibetan Plateau(TP).It has been found that the warming rate of T2m over the TP accelerates during the global warming slowdown period of 1998–2013,which raises the question of whether the reanalysis or LDAS datasets can capture the warming *** evaluating two global LDASs,five global atmospheric reanalysis datasets,and a high-resolution dynamical downscaling simulation driven by one of the global reanalysis,we demonstrate that the LDASs and reanalysis datasets underestimate the warming trend over the TP by 27%–86%during 1998–*** is mainly caused by the underestimations of the increasing trends of surface downward radiation and nighttime total cloud amount over the southern and northern TP,*** GLDAS2.0,ERA5,and MERRA2 reduce biases of T2m simulation from their previous versions by 12%–94%,they do not show significant improvements in capturing the warming *** WRF dynamical downscaling dataset driven by ERA-Interim shows a great improvement,as it corrects the cooling trend in ERA-Interim to an observation-like warming trend over the southern *** results indicate that more efforts are needed to reasonably simulate the warming features over the TP during the global warming slowdown period,and the WRF dynamical downscaling dataset provides more accurate T2m estimations than its driven global reanalysis dataset ERA-Interim for producing LDAS products over the TP.

关键词： land data assimilation system(LDAS) reanalysis datasets WRF dynamical downscaling tibetan Plateau global warming slowdown

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Impact of winter thermal condition of the tibetan Plateau on the zonal wind anomaly over equatorial Pacific

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Science China Earth Sciences 2001年第S1期44卷 400-409页

作者：陈隆勋李薇赵平 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China

Using the improved CCM1 dynamic climate model, the impact of abnormal heat source and sink over the tibetan Plateau in winter on the abnormal zonal wind over the Pacific Ocean is studied in this paper. The following new-findings are obtained: (1) When the atmospheric cold source during January-March on the tibetan Plateau gets intensified, an abnormal anticyclone around the tibetan Plateau will appear in lower troposphere. Abnormal northerly wind at the coastal area of the mainland of China and an abnormal cyclone will appear on the West Pacific in the following months. Then, abnormal west wind will appear over the equator of the West Pacific and extends to the East Pacific. (2) When the atmospheric cold source during January-March over the tibetan Plateau is unusually weak, an abnormal cyclone around the tibetan Plateau will appear at lower levels first, then abnormal anticyclone will appear on the West Pacific and move to the south and result in abnormal easterly wind over the equator of the West Pacific, which will extend to the east. Furthermore, abnormal changes of zonal wind on equatorial Indian Ocean can be caused by the intensity change of atmospheric cold source in winter and early spring over the tibetan Plateau.

关键词： tibetan Plateau winter cold source equatorial Pacific abnormal zonal wind numerical experiment.

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Application of CCA for study on modern lake diatoms and environment in the tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2001年第S1期44卷 343-350页

作者：羊向东王苏民夏威岚李万春 Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

The relations between lake surface sediment diatoms and water environmental variables were revealed effectively by use of a new multivariate canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) based on 45 lakes in the tibetan Plateau. Water depth, conductivity, CP^- Mg^(2+), K^+ and pH, identified from 12 contemporary water environmental variables, can significantly and independently explain the diatom distributions (p<0.05). The first two axes (λ1=0.34, λ2=0.27) capture 16.1% of the variance in the species data, and account for 57.4% of the variance in diatom-environment relationship. The deletion of redundant environmental variables and unusual samples do not influence the explanation to diatom data. The final CCA result indicates that the water depth and the salinity are the two important environmental gradients and influence the diatom distribution in the plateau lakes. The water depth correlates with axis 1, while conductivity, Cl^-, Mg^(2+) and K^+, indicating the direction of salinity changes, correlate with both of the first two axes. The definition of diatom-environment model may provide a basis for further quantitative inference on diatom-environment transfer function.

关键词： canonical correspondence analysis tibetan Plateau diatom environmental variables.

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Earliest hand-and footprint art indicates that Denisovans may have occupied the interior of the high-altitude tibetan Plateau since 200 thousand years ago

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第4期65卷 769-772页

作者： Fahu CHEN Huan XIA Zhenxiu JIA Dongju ZHANG Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation(ALPHA) Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Beijing 100101China MOE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental System Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

As a result of rapid uplift since the late Cenozoic, the tibetan Plateau eventually developed an enormous area(3.08 million km^(2)) and became the highest elevation plateau on Earth. The cold and hypoxic environments of the tibetan Plateau,combined with the strong solar radiation receipt and lack of biological resources, present a major challenge to the occupation and expansion of humans.

关键词： tibetan Plateau interior

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Preface to integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 895-898页

作者： Shuzhong SHEN Lin DING Maoyan ZHU Xiangdong WANG Tao DENG State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and EnvironmentInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PalaeoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

The Qinghai-tibetan Plateau(QTP)is well known as the Roof of the World,the Third Pole and the Asian Water *** spans a vast area from the Pamir Plateau in the west to the Longmenshan-Hengduan Mountains in the east,from the Himalaya Mountains in the south to the Kunlun-Qilian Mountains in the *** stretches approximately 1,200 km from north to south and 2,500 km from east to *** did the QTP start to uplift?This is still controversial between early and late Cenozoic *** some scholars advocated its uplift since the India-Asia continental collision at about 65 million years ago in the Paleogene(e.g.,Ding et al.,2017,2022),and the others suggested its uplift since the Miocene(Zheng and Wu,2018).

关键词： uplift tibetan north

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Hypoxia adaptation and hemoglobin mutation in tibetan chick embryo

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第6期48卷 616-623页

作者： GOU Xiao1, LI Ning2, LIAN Linsheng3, YAN Dawei3, ZHANG Hao1 & WU Changxin1 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2. The National Opened Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing China The National Opened Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing China College of Animal Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming China

tibetan chick lives at high altitudes between 2600 and 4200 m with a high hatcha-bility and low land breeds survive rarely with a hatchability of 3.0% under hypoxia of simulated 4200 m. Under hypoxia of whole 21 d, the hatchability of tibetan chick and Recessive White Feather broiler differed with a greatest disparity from day 4 to 11 and also significantly in other stages except from day 1 to 3. Hypoxia in each stage did not reduce significantly survival rate of this stage except hatchability. These two results indicated that the hypoxia in the early stage had an adverse effect on the later stage. All exons encoding chick hemoglobins were sequenced to analyze gene polymorphism. The functional mutation Met-32(B13)-Leu, related with hypoxia, was found in αD globin chain and the mutation frequency increased with increased altitude. In addition, under hypoxic conditions, the population with higher mutation frequency had a higher hatchability. The automated homology model building was carried out using crystal structure co-ordinates of chick HbD. The results indicated that the substitution Met-32(B13)-Leu provides a more hydrophobic environment which leads to higher stability of heme and oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. The occurrence of the mutation Met-32(B13)-Leu is related to the origin of tibetan chick.

关键词： tibetan chick, hypoxia, incubation, hemoglobin, homology modeling.

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Lake-expanding events in the tibetan Plateau since 40 kaBP

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Science China Earth Sciences 2001年第S1期44卷 301-315页

作者：贾玉连施雅风王苏民蒋雪中李世杰王爱军李徐生 Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China City and Resource Department Nanjing University Nanjing China

Since 40 kaBP, the current endorheism on the tibetan Plateau had experienced at least four lake-expanding events, at 40-28 kaBP, 19-15 kaBP, 13-11 kaBP, 9.0-5.0 kaBP, respectively. The 40-28 kaBP and 9.0-5.0 kaBP lake-expanding events, corresponding to the global warming periods, were mainly determined by the abundant summer monsoon rainfall brought by strong Indian monsoon, aroused by enhanced solar radiation at earth orbital precessional cycle. The 40-28 kaBP lake-expanding event, also called the great lake period or the pan-lake period, for several great lake groups had come into being by the interconnection of the presently isolated and closed lake catchments. The total lake area over the tibetan Plateau was estimated at least up to 150000 km2, 3.8 times of the present, and the lake supply coefficients were about 3-10. The 9.0-5.0 kaBP lake-expanding, with a total lake area of 68000 km2, less than the above mentioned reflected the Indian monsoon rainfall less than that of 40-28 kaBP. The expanded lakes at 19-15 kaBP and 13-11 kaBP, distributed in these basins with more or less existing glacial, indicated plenty of glacial meltwater discharged to balance evaporation on expansive lake surface. At the same time, the enhanced precipitation by the westerlies at 19-15 kaBP and by Indian monsoon at 13-11 kaBP plays an important role in maintaining the high lake level. Heinrich events greatly affected the evolution of climate system over the tibetan Plateau, and thus gave a clear boundary of the high lake level change in the late Quaternary.

关键词： the tibetan Plateau lake-expanding event monsoon rainfall glacial meltwater precessional cycle Heinrich event.

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Tectonic uplift and sedimentary evolution of the Jiuxi Basin in the northern margin of the tibetan Plateau since 13 Ma BP

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Science China Earth Sciences 2001年第S1期44卷 192-202页

作者：宋春晖方小敏李吉均高军平赵志军范马洁 National Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems & College of Resources and Environment Lanzhou University Lanzhou China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China

Sediments shed from the northern margin of the tibetan Plateau, the Qilian Mountains, are widely deposited in the foreland basin, the Jiuxi Basin, archiving plenty of information about the mountain surface uplift and erosion history. The Laojunmiao section, 1960 m thick, representing the upper sequence of the Cenozoic basin sediments, is paleomagnetically dated to about 13-0 Ma BP. Detailed sedimentary study of this sequence has revealed five sedimentary fades associations which determine four stages of sedimentary environment evolution. They are: (I) the half-deep lake system before 12.18 Ma BP, (Ⅱ) the shallow lake system between 12.18 and 8.26 Ma BP, (Ⅲ) the fan delta dominated sedimentary system in dry climate between 8.26 and 6.57 Ma BP, and (Ⅳ) alluvial fan system since 6.57 Ma BP. The associated mountain erosion and uplift are suggested to have experienced three phases, that is, tectonic stable (13-8.26 Ma BP), gradual uplift (8.26-3.66-0 Ma BP). The uplift at-3.66 Ma BP is of great importance in tectonics and geomorphology. Since then, tectonic uplift and mountain building have been accelerated and become strong intermittent. At least three significant tectonic events took place with ages at tibetan Plateau is a complex process of multiple phases, unequal speed and irregular movements.

关键词： sedimentary facies evolution tectonic uplift Hexi Corridor tibetan Plateau.

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