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Internet of Things to network smart devices for ecosystem monitoring

Science Bulletin 2019年第17期64卷 1234-1245页

作者： Xin Li Ning Zhao Rui Jin Shaomin Liu Xiaomin Sun Xuefa Wen Dongxiu Wu Yan Zhou Jianwen Guo Shiping Chen Ziwei Xu Mingguo Ma Tianming Wang Yonghua Qu Xinwei Wang Fangming Wu Yuke Zhou Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy o f Sciences Beijing 100101 China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy o f Sciences Beijing 100101 China Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty o f Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Optoelectronics System Laboratory Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China Research Base of Karst Eco-environments at Nanchuan in Chongqing Ministry of Nature Resources School of Geographical Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering Monitoring and Research Center for Amur Tigers and Amur Leopards National Forestry and Grassland Administration & College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Smart, real-time, low-cost, and distributed ecosystem monitoring is essential for understanding and managing rapidly changing ecosystems. However, new techniques in the big data era have rarely been introduced into operational ecosystem monitoring, particularly for fragile ecosystems in remote areas.We introduce the Internet of Things(IoT) techniques to establish a prototype ecosystem monitoring system by developing innovative smart devices and using IoT technologies for ecosystem monitoring in isolated environments. The developed smart devices include four categories: large-scale and nonintrusive instruments to measure evapotranspiration and soil moisture, in situ observing systems for CO2 and d13 C associated with soil respiration, portable and distributed devices for monitoring vegetation variables, and Bi-CMOS cameras and pressure trigger sensors for terrestrial vertebrate monitoring. These new devices outperform conventional devices and are connected to each other via wireless communication networks. The breakthroughs in the ecosystem monitoring IoT include new data loggers and longdistance wireless sensor network technology that supports the rapid transmission of data from devices to wireless networks. The applicability of this ecosystem monitoring IoT is verified in three fragile ecosystems, including a karst rocky desertification area, the National Park for Amur Tigers, and the oasis-desert ecotone in China. By integrating these devices and technologies with an ecosystem monitoring information system, a seamless data acquisition, transmission, processing, and application IoT is created. The establishment of this ecosystem monitoring IoT will serve as a new paradigm for ecosystem monitoring and therefore provide a platform for ecosystem management and decision making in the era of big data.

关键词： Ecosystem monitoring Fragile ecosystem Internet of Things Wireless sensor network Smart device

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A water-evaporation-induced self-charging hybrid power unit for application in the Internet of Things

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科学通报：英文版 2019年第19期64卷 1409-1417页

作者： Haoxuan He Tianming Zhao Hongye Guan Tianyan Zhong Hui Zeng Lili Xing Yan Zhang Xinyu Xue School of Physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China College of Sciences Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

A self-charging hybrid power unit has been developed by integrating a water-evaporation-induced nano- generator with a flexible nano-patterned supercapacitor. The nanogenerator can harvest environmental thermal energy and mechanical energy through the water evaporation process, and the supercapacitor can be charged simultaneously. The former offers stable electrical power as output, whereas the Ppy- based supercapacitor shows a capacitance of 12.497 m F/cm^2 with 96.42% retention after 4,000 cycles. After filling the power unit with water as the fuel, it can be fully charged in about 20 min. The power unit can be flexibly integrated with electronic devices such as sensor nodes and wireless transmitters employ- ing the Internet of Things. This new approach can offer new possibilities in continuous future operation of randomly distributed electronic devices incorporated in the Internet of Things.

关键词： Self-charging Hybrid power unit Water evaporation Nanogenerator Supercapacitor Internet of Things

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Quantum Cryptography for Internet of Things Security

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2019年第3期17卷 213-220页

作者： Alekha Parimal Bhatt Anand Sharma the Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mody University of Science and Technology

Internet of Things (IoT) is a developing technology with a lot of scope in the future. It can ease various different tasks for us. On one hand, IoT is useful for us, on the other hand, it has many serious security threats, like data breaches, side-channel attacks, and virus and data authentication. Classical cryptographic algorithms, like the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm, work well under the classical computers. But the technology is slowly shifting towards quantum computing, which has immense processing power and is more than enough to break the current cryptographic algorithms easily. So it is required that we have to design quantum cryptographic algorithms to prevent our systems from security breaches even before quantum computers come in the market for commercial uses. IoT will also be one of the disciplines, which needs to be secured to prevent any malicious activities. In this paper, we review the common security threats in IoT and the presently available solutions with their drawbacks. Then quantum cryptography is introduced with some of its variations. And finally, the analysis has been carried out in terms of the pros and cons of implementing quantum cryptography for IoT security.

关键词： Internet of Things quantum computing quantum cryptography security

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A Green Paradigm for Internet of Things: Ambient Backscatter Communications

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China Communications 2019年第7期16卷 109-119页

作者： Wei Zhang Yao Qin Wenjing Zhao Minzheng Jia Qiang Liu Ruisi He Bo Ai Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory National University of Defense Technology and also with Institute of Telecommunication Satellites China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) Beijing Key Lab of Transportation Data Analysis and Mining Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-Speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China Department of Information Engineering Beijing Polytechnic College Beijing 100042 China State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China

Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted extensive interest from both academia and industries, and is recognized as an ultimate infrastructure to connect everything at anytime and anywhere. The implementation of IoT generally faces the challenges from energy constraint and implementation cost. In this paper, we will introduce a new green communication paradigm, the ambient backscatter (AmBC), that could utilize the environmental wireless signals for both powering a tiny-cost device and backscattering the information symbols. Specifically, we will present the basic principles of AmBC, analyze its features and advantages, suggest its open problems, and predict its potential applications for our future IoT.

关键词： ambient backscatter (AmBC) RF-powered device Internet of Things (IoT) battery-free tag wire-less sensor

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Towards the Design of Ethics Aware Systems for the Internet of Things

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China Communications 2019年第9期16卷 209-221页

作者： Sahil Sholla Roohie Naaz Mir Mohammad Ahsan Chishti Computer Science and Engineering Department National Institute of Technology Srinagar

The Internet of Things promises to offer numerous societal benefits by providing a spectrum of user applications.However,ethical ramifications of adopting such pervasive technology on a society-wide scale have not been adequately considered.Smart Things endowed with artificial intelligence may carry out decisions that entail ethical consequences.It is assumed that the functioning of a smart device does not involve any ethical responsibility vis-a-vis its application context.Such a perspective may precipitate situations that endanger essential human values or cause physical or emotional harm.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the design of ethics within intelligent systems to safeguard human interests.In order to address these concerns,we propose a novel method based on Boolean algebra that enables a machine to exhibit varying ethical behaviour by employing the concept of ethics categories and ethics modes.Such enhancement of smart Things offers a way to design ethically compliant smart devices and paves way for human friendly technology ecosystems.

关键词： Boolean ethics aware ethical design Internet of Things

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Take Time To Make Things Better

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初中生学习指导 2022年第26期 48-49页

作者：曲永华辽宁

不是因为拥有了才付出,而是因为付出了才拥有!不是因为有了机会才争取,而是因为争取了才有机会!What would you do if you saw rubbis on the floor of your classroom?Would you walk around it or pick it up yourself?

关键词： yourself floor Things

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物品万维网技术综述

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南京邮电大学学报（自然科学版） 2014年第2期34卷 32-42,56页

作者：李养群沈苏彬许斌南京邮电大学物联网学院江苏南京210003 南京邮电大学计算机学院软件学院江苏南京210023

物联网技术在感知装置、网络协议及上层应用方面的异构性导致了物联网应用之间集成的困难。物品万维网技术(Web of Things,WoT)通过万维网技术屏蔽这种异构性,为快速应用开发提供极大的便利。在分析和总结物品万维网研究现状的基础上,... 详细信息

物联网技术在感知装置、网络协议及上层应用方面的异构性导致了物联网应用之间集成的困难。物品万维网技术(Web of Things,WoT)通过万维网技术屏蔽这种异构性,为快速应用开发提供极大的便利。在分析和总结物品万维网研究现状的基础上,将物品万维网技术体系结构划分为WoT使能层、WoT资源/服务管理层及WoT应用层。最后在分析物品相关特性的基础上,给出了WoT技术未来可能的研究方向。

关键词：物联网物品万维网聚合语义万维网社会化服务发现描述 internet of Things (IoT) web of Things (WoT)

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The time model for event processing in internet of Things

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第3期13卷 471-488页

作者： Chunjie ZHOU Xiaoling WANG Zhiwang ZHANG Zhenxing ZHANG Haiping QU Department of Information and Electrical Engineering Ludong University Shandong 264025 China Department of Software East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

The time management model for event processing in internet of Things has a special and important requirement. Many events in real world applications are long-lasting events which have different time granularity with order or out-of-order. The temporal relationships among those events are often complex. An important issue of complex event processing is to extract patterns from event streams to support decision making in real-time. However, current time management model does not consider the unified solution about time granularity, time interval, time disorder, and the difference between workday calendar systems in different organizations. In this work, we analyze the preliminaries of temporal semantics of events. A tree-plan model of out-of-order durable events is proposed. A hybrid solution is correspondingly introduced. A case study is illustrated to explain the time constraints and the time optimization. Extensive experi? mental studies demonstrate the efficiency of our approach.

关键词： time model event processing internet of Things time interval time disorder

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Scot Barnett, Rhetorical Realism: Rhetoric, Ethics, and the Ontology of Things

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2019年第2期14卷 357-362页

作者： Gregory Burgin (ISI) Arizona State University

As part of Routledge's expansive series focused on "Studies in Rhetoric and Communication,one will find Scot Barnett's (2017) Rhetorical Realism: Rhetoric, Ethics, and the Ontology of Things. Barnett's contribution is a good reminder that philosophy can benefit from the insights derived from the rhetorical tradition, especially when it comes to speculating about reality. This point is clearly evident in Bametfs thoughtful articulation of the claim,"that attunements to nonhuman beings and extrahuman realities are nothing new for rhetoric"(5). Barnett saliently argues for how rhetoric is ideally situated to help new philosophical schools of thought like speculative realism.

关键词： Rhetoric Ethics Ontology of Things

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面向终末的生命——卡尔·巴特与爱德华·图爱森早期著作中的陀思妥耶夫斯基 (1915-1923)

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基督教文化学刊 2019年第1期 270-280页

作者：洪亮香港中国神学研究院

在《罗马书释义(第二版)》前言中,巴特提及修订该书第一版的四个因素(1),其中对陀思妥耶夫斯基与克尔凯郭尔的阅读与接受被视为因素之一。这个言之凿凿的判断左右了后世研究者在理解陀思妥耶夫斯基与辩证神学关系上的基本进路,即重构陀... 详细信息

在《罗马书释义(第二版)》前言中,巴特提及修订该书第一版的四个因素(1),其中对陀思妥耶夫斯基与克尔凯郭尔的阅读与接受被视为因素之一。这个言之凿凿的判断左右了后世研究者在理解陀思妥耶夫斯基与辩证神学关系上的基本进路,即重构陀思妥耶夫斯基对《罗马书释义》第二版乃至早期巴特究竟产生何种观念性影响。2010年,瑞士苏黎世神学出版社推出《罗马书释义(第二版)》学术校勘本,标志着国际辩证神学研究步入一个崭新阶段,与此同时,德语学界对这部经典著作的历史研究也日益聚焦于巴特与同代神学流派及文化思潮之间的对话关系,在这个晚近逐渐形成的研究路向中,笔者构思并完成博士论文《面向终末的生命:卡尔巴特与爱德华图爱森早期著作中的陀思妥耶夫斯基(1915年至1923年)》②,对陀思妥耶夫斯基与早期辩证神学的关系以及《罗马书释义(第二版)》的内在结构提出了新见解。

关键词： Dialectical Theology Life Before the Last Things Perspectivism Theology of Life Sovereignty of God

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