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Ensemble-based uncertainty quantification for coordination and control of thermostatically controlled loads

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Journal of Control and Decision 2018年第2期5卷 148-168页

作者： Weixuan Li Jianming Lian Dave Engel Hong Wang Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWAUSA

This work investigates an uncertainty quantification(UQ)framework that analyses the uncertainty involved in modelling control systems to improve control strategy *** framework involves solving four problems:identifying uncertain parameters,propagating uncertainty to the quantity of interest,data assimilation and making decisions under quantified uncertainties.A specific group of UQ approaches,known as the ensemble-based methods,are adopted to solve these *** UQ framework is applied to coordinating a group of thermostatically controlled loads,which relies on simulating a second-order equivalent thermal parameter model with some uncertain *** this uncertainty affects the prediction and the control of total power is *** study shows that uncertainty can be effectively reduced using the measurement of air ***,the control objective is achieved fairly accurately with a quantification of the uncertainty.

关键词： Uncertainty quantification ensemble-based method thermostatically controlled loads transactive control smart grid

Distributed Control of thermostatically controlled loads in Distribution Network with High Penetration of Solar PV

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2017年第1期3卷 53-62页

作者： Ke Meng Dongxiao Wang Zhao Yang Dong Xiaodan Gao Yu Zheng Kit Po Wong School of Electrical and Information Engineering the University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Centre for Intelligent Electricity Networks The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510080China School of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia

High penetration of solar energy can result in voltage rise in midday,while growth in residential air conditioning is the main contributor of overloading and voltage drop issues during peak demand *** paper provides a hierarchical control scheme to coordinate multiple groups of aggregated thermostatically controlled loads to regulate network loading and voltage in a distribution *** the limited number of messages that can be exchanged in a realistic communication environment,an event-triggered distributed control strategy is proposed in this *** intermittent on and off toggling of air conditioners,the required active power adjustment is shared among participating aggregators to solve the issue.A case study is conducted and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control scheme.

关键词： Active distribution network eventbased distributed control network loading management thermostatically controlled loads voltage regulation

Simulating dispatchable grid services provided by flexible building loads:State of the art and needed building energy modeling improvements

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Building Simulation 2021年第3期14卷 441-462页

作者： Venkatesh Chinde Adam Hirsch William Livingood Anthony R.Florita National Renewable Energy Laboratory 15013 Denver West ParkwayGoldenCO 80401USA School of Sustainability Interdisciplinary Center(IDC)HerzliyaP.0.Box 167Herzliya 46150Israel

End-use electrical loads in residential and commercial buildings are evolving into flexible and cost-effective resources to improve electric grid reliability,reduce costs,and support increased hosting of distributed renewable *** article reviews the simulation of utility services delivered by buildings for the purpose of electric grid operational *** consider services delivered to(1)the high-voitage bulk power system through the coordinated action of many,distributed building loads working together,and(2)targeted support provided to the operation of low-voltage electric distribution *** an exhaustive exploration is not possible,we emphasize the ancillary services and voltage management buildings can provide and summarize the gaps in our ability to simulate them with traditional building energy modeling(BEM)tools,suggesting pathways for future research and development.

关键词： building energy modeling grid-interactive efficient buildings demand response load flexibility thermostatically controlled loads reduced order models heating ventilation and air conditioning

Three-stage day-ahead scheduling strategy for regional thermostatically controlled load aggregators

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2023年第2期8卷 57-67页

作者： Dejin Fan Shu Zhang He Huang Liping Zhou Yang Wang Xianyong Xiao College of Electricial Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina

thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs)are regarded as having potential to participate in power grid *** paper proposes a scheduling strategy with three-stage optimization for regional aggregators jointly participating in day-ahead scheduling to support demand *** first stage is on the profit of aggregators and peak load of the *** line loss and voltage deviation of regulation are considered to ensure stable operation of the power grid at the second stage,which guarantees the fairness of the regulation and the comfort of users.A single tempera-ture adjustment strategy is used to control TCLs to maximize the response potential in the third ***,digital simulation based on the IEEE 33-bus distribution network system proves that the proposed three-stage scheduling strategy can keep the voltage deviation within±5%in different *** addition,the Gini coefficient of distribu-tion increases by 20%and the predicted percentage of dissatisfied is 48%lower than those without distribution.

关键词： Demand response thermostatically controlled loads Three-stages scheduling strategy Regional aggregators PPD Gini coefficient

Controllability and stability of primary frequency control from thermostatic loads with delays

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2017年第1期5卷 43-54页

作者： Charalampos ZIRAS Evangelos VRETTOS Shi YOU Center for Electric Power and Energy DTULyngbyDenmark Power Systems Laboratory ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

There is an increasing interest in exploiting theflexibility of loads to provide ancillary services to the *** this paper we study how response delays and lockout constraints affect the controllability of an aggregation of refrigerators offering primary frequency control(PFC).First we examine the effect of delays in PFC provision from an aggregation of refrigerators, using a two-area power system. We propose a framework to systematically address frequency measurement and response delays and we determine safe values for the total delays via simulations. We introduce a controllability index to evaluate PFC provision under lockout constraints of refrigerators compressors. We conduct extensive simulations to study the effects of measurement delay, ramping times, lockout durations and rotational inertia on the controllability of the aggregation and system stability. Finally, we discuss solutions for offering reliable PFC provision from thermostatically controlled loads under lockout constraints and we propose a supervisory control to enhance the robustness of their controllers.

关键词： Primary frequency control Stability Controllability Delay thermostatically controlled loads