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Investigating the Impact of Base Heating and External Electric Field on PV Cell Performance under Intense Illumination

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第5期14卷 1305-1314页

作者： Boubacar Soro Guy Serge Tchouadep Esso-Ehanam Tchedre Kpeli Ousmane Souliga Adama Ouedraogo Issa Zerbo Martial Zoungrana Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Technologie Ecole Normale Sup&#233rieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The characterization of the performances of a PV cell is linked to intrinsic factors of this cell. It is therefore important for us to identify the favorable or unfavorable conditions that affect the performance of PV cells. It is from this perspective that it seems judicious to us to study the simultaneous influence of the heating of the base and an external electric field on the performance of a PV cell under intense illumination of 50 suns. Two phenomena contribute to the heating of the base of a PV cell which is heating due to the transfer by conduction of solar radiation energy received by the surface of the PV cell and the heat generated inside the PV cell by various phenomena linked to the movement of photogenerated charged carriers. In this study, we take into account the heating linked to the movement of the charged carriers in the base. After a mathematical modeling of the PV cell considered, some hypotheses are formulated and the expressions of the electrical parameters are established as a function of the electric field and base temperature. Subsequently, we use numerical simulation to highlight the behavior of theses parameters as a function of temperature and of the intensity of the electric field. The results show that for any given temperature, the orientation of the electric field as considered in our work improves the performance of the PV cell while high temperatures degrade these performances. Furthermore, the analysis of the curves shows that the harmful effect of temperature on the performance of a PV cell is more accentuated at large values of electric field.

关键词： Collisions thermalization Braking Electric Strength Base Temperature

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Entanglement and thermalization in the extended Bose–Hubbard model after a quantum quench: A correlation analysis

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第2期32卷 168-174页

作者：苏晓强许宗菊赵有权 College of Physics and Information Engineering Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030031China Key Laboratory of Spectral Measurement and Analysis of Shanxi Province Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030031China

Exploring the role of entanglement in quantum nonequilibrium dynamics is important to understand the mechanism of thermalization in an isolated system. We study the relaxation dynamics in a one-dimensional extended Bose–Hubbard model after a global interaction quench by considering several observables: the local Boson numbers, the nonlocal entanglement entropy, and the momentum distribution functions. We calculate the thermalization fidelity for different quench parameters and different sizes of subsystems, and the results show that the degree of thermalization is affected by the distance from the integrable point and the size of the subsystem. We employ the Pearson coefficient as the measurement of the correlation between the entanglement entropy and thermalization fidelity, and a strong correlation is demonstrated for the quenched system.

关键词： quantum quench quantum entanglement thermalization extended Bose–Hubbard model

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Quantum quenches in the Dicke model:thermalization and failure of the generalized Gibbs ensemble

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第12期29卷 198-204页

作者：苏晓强赵有权 College of Physics and Information Engineering ShanXi Normal UniversityLinfen 041004China

Quantum quenches in the Dicke model were studied both in the thermodynamic limit and the finite systems.For the integrable situation in the thermodynamic limit,the generalized Gibbs ensemble can effectively describe the energylevel occupations for the quench within the normal phase,but it fails for the quench to the superradiant phase.For the finite systems which are considered non-integrable,the post quench systems were studied by comparing with the thermal ensembles.The canonical ensembles are directly available for the quench within the normal phase.With the increasing of the target coupling strength over the equilibrium phase transition critical point,sudden changes take place for the effective temperature and the distance to the thermal ensembles.The thermalization was also studied by comparing with the results of the microcanonical ensembles.

关键词： quantum quench generalized Gibbs ensemble thermalization Dicke model

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Behaviors of thermalization for the Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou system with small number of particles

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第6期30卷 206-210页

作者：张振俊康静文文 College of Science Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

We study the behaviors of thermalization in Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou(FPUT) system with small number of particles using periodic boundary conditions. The total energy has initially equidistributed among some of the lowest frequency modes. The thermalization time t_(eq) depending on system's energy density ε scales as t_(eq) ∝ε^(-4) only within a certain range of nonlinearity. In this range of nonlinearity, energies can interchange between the initial excited modes and other modes continuously with time until reaching the thermalized state. With a further decreasing nonlinearity, a steeper growth than ε^(-4) will appear. In the very weakly nonlinear regime, energies on low frequency modes are found to be frozen on large time scales. Redistribution of mode energies happens through the resonances of high frequency modes.

关键词： FPUT system thermalization small number of particles

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Identifying the closeness of eigenstates in quantum many-body systems

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第8期26卷 66-73页

作者：李海彬杨扬王沛王晓光 Department of Applied Physics Zhejiang University of Technology Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics Department of Physics Zhejiang University

We propose a quantity called modulus fidelity to measure the closeness of two quantum pure states. We use it to investigate the closeness of eigenstates in one-dimensional hard-core bosons. When the system is integrable, eigenstates close to their neighbor or not, which leads to a large fluctuation in the distribution of modulus fidelity. When the system becomes chaos, the fluctuation is reduced dramatically, which indicates all eigenstates become close to each other. It is also found that two kind of closeness, i.e., closeness of eigenstates and closeness of eigenvalues, are not correlated at integrability but correlated at chaos. We also propose that the closeness of eigenstates is the underlying mechanism of eigenstate thermalization hypothesis （ETH） which explains the thermalization in quantum many-body systems.

关键词： quantum chaos thermalization fidelity

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Analysis of charged hadron multiplicity distributions at RHIC

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Chinese Physics C 2008年第8期32卷 639-644页

作者：熊伟冯笙琴 College of Science China Three Gorges University

It is demonstrated that with Heinz＇s collective flow model charged particle distributions at AGS and lower SPS energies （less than 20 GeV/n） , can successfully be analyzed, but that the model fails for the RHIC data. Heinz＇s model calculation underestimates the tails of the charged particle distributions from RHIC, the discrepancy becoming bigger as the energy increases. To study the multiplicity distributions at RHIC we develop the so-called ＂thermalization Component Model＂, which is based on Heinz＇s collective flow model. It is realized that the limitation of phase space of collective flow can be reflected in that of the thermalization region. By comparing the contributions of particle production from the thermaUzation regions at different energies and different centralities, we can deepen our understanding of the features of collective motion at RHIC.

关键词： thermalization collective flow thermalization component model

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Spatial anisotropy: a method to study anisotropic flow in heavy ion collisions

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Chinese Physics C 2011年第5期35卷 471-474页

作者：崔相利吕 汪晓莲彭茹 University of Science and Technology of China Wuhan University of Science and Technology

We introduce a method to study anisotropic flow parameter v n as a collective probe to Quark Gluon Plasma in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The emphasis is put on the use of the Fourier expansion of initial spatial azimuthal distributions of participant nucleons in the overlapped region. The coefficients ε n of Fourier expansion are called the spatial anisotropy parameter for the n-th harmonic. We propose that collective dynamics can be studied by v n /ε n . In this paper, we will discuss in particular the second （n = 2） and the fourth （n = 4） harmonics.

关键词： Fourier expansion spatial anisotropy parameter collective dynamics thermalization

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Investigation of the Behavior of a Photovoltaic Cell under Concentration as a Function of the Temperature of the Base and a Variable External Magnetic Field in 3D Approximation

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2023年第12期14卷 209-220页

作者： Boubacar Soro Adama Ouedraogo Mahamadi Savadogo Ramatou Konate Guyserge Tchouadep Martial Zoungrana Sié Kam Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institutdes Sciences et Technologie Ecole Normale Supérieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The photovoltaic (PV) cell performances are connected to the base photogenerated carriers charge. Some studies showed that the quantity of the photogenerated carriers charge increases with the increase of the solar illumination. This situation explains the choice of concentration PV cell (C = 50 suns) in this study. However, the strong photogeneration of the carriers charge causes a high heat production by thermalization, collision and carriers charge braking due to the electric field induced by concentration gradient. This heat brings the heating of the PV cell base. That imposes the taking into account of the temperature influence in the concentrator PV cell operation. Moreover, with the proliferation of the magnetic field sources in the life space, it is important to consider its effect on the PV cell performances. Thus, when magnetic field and base temperature increase simultaneously, we observe a deterioration of the photovoltage, the electric power, the space charge region capacity, the fill factor and the conversion efficiency. However the photocurrent increases when the base temperature increases and the magnetic field strength decreases. It appears an inversion phenomenon in the evolution of the electrical parameters as a function of magnetic field for the values of magnetic field B> 4×10-4 T.

关键词： thermalization Base Temperature Magnetic Field Fill Factor Efficiency Space Charge Region Capacity

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