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Annual and seasonal changes of the air temperature with altitude in the Upper Dades valley, High Atlas, Morocco

Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第1期19卷 85-102页

作者： ŻMUDZKA Elwira DŁUŻEWSKI Maciej DĄBSKI Maciej LEZIAK Kamil ROJAN Elżbieta Department of Climatology Faculty of Geography and Regional StudiesUniversity of WarsawKrakowskie Przedmieście 3000-927 WarsawPoland Department of Geomorphology Faculty of Geography and Regional StudiesUniversity of WarsawKrakowskie Przedmieście 3000-927 WarsawPoland

The purpose of this study is to determine the size of air temperature changes with altitude in the mountains of the arid zone, on the example of the Upper Dades valley(High Atlas, Morocco). The air temperature change with altitude was determined on the basis of 5 years data from three meteorological stations. The analysis was carried out on an annual and seasonal basis. The annual and daily variations of thermal gradients between pairs of stations were also determined. It was found that the average thermal gradient in the Upper Dades valley was-1.02℃ per 100 m. The highest values of the thermal gradient occur in winter and the lowest in summer. In winter,the thermal gradient was characterized by the greatest variability. Minima of the daily variation of air temperature gradients were observed in early morning hours and maxima around midday. In the lower part of the valley, air temperature inversion frequently developed between 10 AM and 3 PM *** obtained results show high thermal gradients in the mountains of the arid zone, with their annual amplitude increasing in the lower parts of the *** instantaneous values of the gradients were significantly modified by the supply of latent heat and the occurrence of dust storms. It has been shown that the advection factor plays an important role in shaping large gradient values. The study contains novel results of thermal gradient measurements in high mountains of arid zone.

关键词： Air temperature gradient thermal inversion Annual and seasonal variability Synoptic situation High mountains of arid zone High Atlas Mountains

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Comparative experiments and effectiveness evaluation on vertical blowing fans(VBF)for frost protection

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第5期8卷 36-42,I0002页

作者： Hu Yongguang Wu Wenye J.Paulo De Melo-Abreu Tom M.Shapland Zhang Hong Richard L.Snyder School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Instituto Superior de Agronomia Universidade de LisboaLisbon 1349-017Portugal Department of Viticulture and Enology University of CaliforniaDavisDavis 95616CaliforniaUSA Department of Land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisDavis 95616USA

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of vertical blowing fans(VBF)for frost protection in a vineyard on a steep slope near Napa Valley in Northern California,USA,and a tea plantation located on undulating terrain in Zhenjiang,*** temperature comparisons from within the grape vineyard on nights with and without VBF operation with control station minimum temperatures exhibited no temperature *** measurements from the test in China indicated that there was an increase in temperature when the VBF was first started,but that benefit was lost over *** clear benefit from using the VBF was *** of frost deposition and thermal imagery also showed no benefit except for within about 5 m of the *** on this work,the effectiveness of the VBF for frost protection was not validated.

关键词： frost protection thermal inversion weather modification wind machines vertical blowing fans(VBF) temperature

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Optimal flight parameters of unmanned helicopter for tea plantation frost protection

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第5期8卷 50-57页

作者： Hu Yongguang Liu Shengzhong Wu Wenye Wang Jizhang Shen Jianwen School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Electronic Application Laboratory of Wuxi Hanhe Unmanned Helicopters Wuxi 214135China

To determine proper flight parameters of an unmanned helicopter for tea plantation frost protection,field experiments were conducted to study the impact of flight height,speed and interval on airflow disturbance and temperature rise around tea canopies based on the analysis and simulation of frost protection with a certain *** relationship between temperature rise after flight and the above flight parameters was established through a regression orthogonal experiment,based on which the optimal combination of flight parameters was obtained through the single-factor golden section *** results showed that wind speed around tea canopies decreased with the increase of flight height when flight speed was *** was a multivariate linear relationship between temperature rise and flight parameters,and the sequence of flight parameters’influence on frost protection effect was flight interval,flight height,flight *** optimal combination of flight parameters were flight height of 4.0 m,flight speed of 6.0 m/s and flight interval of 20 *** the flight with the above parameters air temperature around tea canopies increased 1.6℃ when background thermal inversion strength was 3.8℃.

关键词： thermal inversion frost protection unmanned helicopter flight parameters orthogonal experiment single-factor golden section method tea plants

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Review of air disturbance technology for plant frost protection

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 21-28页

作者： Yongguang Hu Eric Amoah Asante Yongzong Lu Ashraf Mahmood Noman Ali Buttar Shouqi Yuan School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Faculty of Engineering Koforidua Technical UniversityKoforiduaGhana Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Confronted with severe frost damage to plants,methods,technologies and equipment have been developed and applied during the past *** paper presents a comprehensive review on the most effective and active technology to protect plants from radiation frost based on air disturbance *** working principle of the technology was elaborated with frost protection mechanism,structures and applicability of three types of working patterns:conventional wind machines,selective inverted sink and portable vertical *** an automatic mechanized technology,control strategy,applicable occasion and proper parameters are introduced for each type of working *** operation of the technology and equipment depends on plant critical temperature,prevailing climatic conditions,thermal inversions strength,as well as *** frost protection performance and effectiveness of conventional horizontal wind machines,selective inverted sinks and helicopters are discussed and compared from the cost-effectiveness and application aspects,and the feasibility of selective inverted sinks is still ***,conventional wind machines are the best choice for plant frost protection and consequently are widely used in temperate and subtropical areas throughout the *** frost protection application with helicopters is not easy to use during the frost nights with high *** paper also provides researchers with some perspectives on improving air disturbance technology and its equipment,and some practice recommendations for growers.

关键词： thermal inversion plant frost protection air disturbance technology wind machine cost-effectiveness control technology

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