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Using Natural Radionuclides to Trace Sources of Suspended Particles in the Lower Reaches of the yellow river

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 99-108页

作者： ZHANG Han BURNETT CWilliam ZHANG Xiaojie ZHAO Shibin YANG Disong NAN Haiming YU Zhigang XU Bochao Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and TechnologyMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic AdministrationKey Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai SeaMNRQingdao 266033China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao 266033China

Natural radionuclides are powerful tools for understanding the sources and fate of suspended particulate matter(SPM).Particulate matter with different particle sizes behaves differently with respect to adsorption and desorption.We analyzed the activi-ties and distribution characteristics of multiple natural radionuclides(238U,226Ra,40K,228Ra,7Be and 210Pbex)on size-fractionated SPM at the Lijin Hydrographic Station(Huanghe or yellow river)every month over a one-year period.Results showed that medium silt(16–32µm)was the main component.As expected,the activity of each radionuclide decreased with an increase of particle size.We examined the sources of SPM with different particle sizes using activity ratios of 226Ra/238U,228Ra/226Ra,40K/238U and 7Be/210Pbex,and concluded that SPM with different particle sizes originated from different sources.Our results indicate that fine SPM(the yellow river,while coarse SPM(>32µm)was mainly derived from resuspension of riverbed sediment.During high runoff periods,the concentration of SPM increased significantly,and the pro-portion of fine particles originating upstream increased.Naturally occurring radioactive isotopes,especially on size-fractionated par-ticles,are therefore seen as useful tracers to understand the sources and behaviors of riverine particles transported from land to sea.

关键词： the yellow river suspended particulate matter size-fractions radionuclides sediment sources water elutriator

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Numerical Si mulation of Transportation of SPMfrom the yellow river to the Bohai Sea

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China Ocean Engineering 2006年第1期20卷 133-146页

作者：李国胜董超王海龙 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101ChinaGraduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100039China

A 3D diagnostic model including a suspended sediment transport module, ECOMSED, driven by the monthly discharge and sediment load of the yellow river in 1983 ～ 1984, was applied to the Bohai Sea. The simulation of the temporal-spatial variation of SPM （Suspended Particular Matter） concentration, sediment flux, and deposition rate was carfled out. It could be seen that, the SPM concentration exhibited distinct seasonal variation, and the variation characteristic was similar for two years. Some of the fine sediment of the yellow river extended to the western bank of the Liaodong Bay, but most of the sediment deposited around the estuary of the yellow river, the deposition flux rapidly decreasing with the increasing distance to the estuary. The deposition rate kept at 0.05 ～ 0.1 mm/a for most area, close to the insitu data. There were two areas of high SPM concentration in the Bohai Sea, one of which could be attributed to the yellow river discharge, and another one, located at the seas with intensive resuspension power, to the tidal current energy. The sediment from the yellow river was transported mainly along the track of the, Lagrangian residual cireulations. In one word, the suspended load transport was basically attributed to the wind-driven and tidal-induced Lagrangian residual circulations. The resuspenslon flux was related to the bottom currents： the larger the current speed, the more the sediment resuspended.

关键词： the yellow river suspended load 3-D numerical modeling temporal-spatial variation

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Numerical simulation on seasonal transport variations and mechanisms of suspended sediment discharged from the yellow river to the Bohai Sea

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2010年第6期20卷 923-937页

作者： LI Guosheng WANG Hailong LIAO Heping School of Geographic Science Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Guangzhou 510663 China

Based on sediment and discharge flux data for the yellow river, realistic forcing fields and bathymetry of the Bohai Sea, a suspended sediment transport module is driven by a wave-current coupled model to research seasonal variations and mechanisms of sus- pended load transport to the Bohai Sea. It could be concluded that surface sediment concentration indicates a distinct spatial distribution characteristic that varies seasonally in the Bohai Sea. Sediment concentration is rather high near the yellow river estuary, seasonal variations of which are controlled by quantity of sediment from the YeUow river, suspended sediment concentration reaches its maximum during summer and fall. Furthermore, sediment concentration decreases rapidly in other seas far from the yellow river estuary and maintains a very low level in the center of the Bohai Sea, and is dominated by seasonal variations of climatology wind field in the Bohai Sea. Only a small amount of sediments imported from the yellow river are delivered northwestward to the southern coast of the Bohai Bay. Majority of sediments are transported southeastward to the Laizhou Bay, where sediments are con- tinuously delivered into the center of the Bohai Sea in a northeastward direction, and part of them are transported eastward alongshore through the Bohai Strait. 69% of sediments from the yellow river are deposited near the river delta, 31% conveyed seaward, within which, 4% exported to the northern yellow Sea through the Bohai Strait. Wind wave is the most essential contributor to seasonal variations of sediment concentration in the Bohai Sea, and the contribution of tidal currents is also significant in shallow waters when wind speed is low.

关键词： the yellow river suspended sediment transport seasonal variation dynamic mechanism numerical simulation

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Long-Term Trend and Abrupt Change for Major Climate Variables in the Upper yellow river Basin

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2007年第2期21卷 204-214页

作者：赵芳芳徐宗学黄俊雄 Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of the Ministry of Education College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University

On the basis of the mean air temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, and pan evaporation from 23 meteorological stations in the upper yellow river Basin from 1960 to 2001, the feasibility of using hypothesis test techniques to detect the long-term trend for major climate variables has been investigated. Parametric tests are limited by the assumptions such as the normality and constant variance of the error terms. Nonparametric tests have not these additional assumptions and are better adapted to the trend test for hydro-meteorological time series. The possible trends of annual and monthly climatic time series are detected by using a non-parametric method and the abrupt changes have been examined in terms of 5-yr moving averaged seasonal and annual series by using moving T-test （MTT） method, Yamamoto method, and Mann-Kendall method. The results show that the annual mean temperature has increased by 0.8℃ in the upper yellow river Basin during the past 42 years. The warmest center was located in the northern part of the basin. The nonlinear tendency for annual precipitation was negative during the same period. The declining center for annual precipitation was located in the eastern part and the center of the basin. The variation of annual precipitation in the upper yellow river Basin during the past 42 years exhibited an increasing tendency from 1972 to 1989 and a decreasing tendency from 1990 to 2001. The nonlinear tendencies for annual sunshine duration and pan evaporation were also negative. They have decreased by 125.6 h and 161.3 mm during the past 42 years, respectively. The test for abrupt changes by using MTT method shows that an abrupt warming occurred in the late 1980s. An abrupt change of the annual mean precipitation occurred in the middle 1980s and an abrupt change of the mean sunshine duration took place in the early 1980s. For the annual mean pan evaporation, two abrupt changes took place in the 1980s and the early 1990s. The test results of the Yamamoto method show that the abrupt changes most

关键词： climate change trend abrupt change the yellow river

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Macroinvertebrates in the bed sediment of the yellow river

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2011年第3期26卷 255-268页

作者： Paul G.CLOSE Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management The University of Western AustraliaP.O.Box 5771AlbanyWestern Australia 6330Australia

Extensive agricultural,industrial and urban development in the yellow river,China,have modified the sediment-water balance,flow and inundation regimes,longitudinal connectivity,integrity of riparian vegetation,and water quality.Macroinvertebrate assemblages in the bed sediment of main channel and major reservoirs of the yellow river are described in detail for the first time.A total of 74 taxa comprising 17 taxa of oligochaetes,48 taxa of aquatic insects,5 taxa of molluscs,and 4 taxa of other animals were recorded.A range of feeding guilds were represented,including, collector-gatherers(32 taxa),predators(17 taxa),scrapers(16 taxa),shredders(6 taxa)and collector-filterers(2 taxa).Both the mean density and biomass of macroinvertebrates were significantly higher in sites located in the artificial reservoirs compared with the main river channel. Assemblages varied spatially;Oligochaetes dominated assemblages in upper reaches,insects dominated in middle reaches and other animals(e.g.Crustacea)dominated in lower reaches. Collector-gatherers were dominant throughout the entire river.Classification analysis identified five site-groups on the basis of macroinvertebrate presence/absence:downstream of reservoirs;vegetated sites;reservoir sites;polluted sites,and;lower-reach sites.Lower macroinvertebrate richness,density and biomass,compared with other similar large rivers,were attributed to modification of the sediment-water balance and associated disturbance of benthic habitats.Pollution,stability of sediment and sediment concentration combined to influence the distribution of macroinvertebrates.This knowledge will substantially benefit the recent focus on the health and environmental water requirements of the yellow river.

关键词： Macroinvertebrates Species composition Distribution pattern Sediment the yellow river

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The Shengli I Point Bar on the yellow river Delta: Three-Dimensional Structures and Their Evolution

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2002年第4期76卷 463-477页

作者：钟建华沈晓华倪晋仁王冠民温志峰王夕宾王海桥李理吴孔友李勇洪梅 Earth Resource and Information College Petroleum University of China Dongyin Shandong 257061 Earth Science Department Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 Center for Environment Science Peking University Beijing 100871

Point bars are well developed on the yellow river delta, an~ which theShengli I point bar is the most typical. The point bar, being about 4 km in length and several tensto more than 100 meters in width, is located on the south side of the Shengli Bridge in KenliCounty, Dongying, Shandong. It is a typical fine-grained point bar with silt, which is predominant,some clay and minor plant debris and clay boulders. The Shengli I Point bar has complicated 3-Dstructures. Firstly, in a plane view, it comprises mainly eight sedimentary units, bar edge, baredge, bar platform, bar plain, bar channel, bar gully, bar pond and bar bay, developing side by sideand superimposed one by one m a complex way. Secondly, its vertical structures are very complex dueto the partial superimposition of the 8 sedimentary units. Besides hydatogenesis, very intensivewind erosion, eolian, ice and meltwater actions are also visible on the Shengli I point bar. Thecomplex form is made even more complicated because of the above co-actions.

关键词： point bar three-dimensional structure evolution delta the yellow river

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REGULATION OF FLOW AND SEDIMENT LOAD IN the yellow river

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第2期22卷 103-113页

作者： Wenxue LI1, Jixiang LIU1 and Zhanwei WAN2yellow river Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, China,yellow river Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, China yellow river Engn Consulting Co Ltd Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China

Small runoff, large sediment load, and incompatible relationship of flow and sediment load are very important characteristics of the yellow river. They are also the crux of the most prominent problems of the yellow river. To solve these problems, the regimes of flow and sediment load have to be improved by increasing water, reducing sediment load, and by using reservoirs to regulate flow and sediment load. The results of experiments for regulating the flow and sediment load in the last three years by the Xiaolangdi Reservoir have indicated that this measure is a realistic and effective way to mitigate the prominent problems in flood control of the Lower yellow river at present and in the near future. However, the regulation system is still imperfect. It is advisable to speed up the pace of research and construction of the system for regulating flow and sediment load.

关键词： the yellow river Regulation of flow and sediment load The Xiaolangdi Reservoir Experiment Channel deterioration

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TWO-DIMENSIONAL SEDIMENT MATHEMATICAL MODEL FORUNSTEADY FLOW IN THE LOWER yellow river

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1999年第2期14卷 295-301页

作者： ZHANG Hongwu LI Dongfeng XU Yuxin ZHANG Junhua (1 Project (No. 39890200) Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation Commission and the Ministry of Water Conservancy 2 yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China 3 Ye

The theoretical frame of a new two-dimensional sediment mathematical model is established on the basis of the resent research achievements about the sediment transport law of the yellow river. The formulas of sediment carrying capacity of flow and river roughness, which reflect the features of the yellow river, are applied to it. The finite element scheme is employed to deduce the discretized equations of the model. The pre-estimated-verified substitution is used to solve them. Verifications of the model are carried out with the flood occurring on Jinan reach of the yellow river during the flood season in 1976. The calculation results with the model are in good agreement with the measured data.

关键词： Two-dimensional sediment mathematical model the yellow river Model verification

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Adsorption and partition of benzo(a)pyrene on sediments with different particle sizes from the yellow river

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007年第2期1卷 172-178页

作者： XIA Xinghui MENG Lihong HU Lijuan State Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Tianjin Meteorological Bureau Tianjin 300074China

Experiments have been carried out to study the sorption of Benzo(a)pyrene(Bap)on sediment particles from the yellow river using a batch equilibration technique.Effects of particle size on the adsorption and partition of Bap were investigated with the particle content of 3 g/L.Several significant results were obtained from the study.(1)Isotherms of Bap could be fitted with the dual adsorption-partition model under different particle sizes,and the measured value of the adsorption and partition was in agreement with the theoretical value of the dual adsorption-partition model.(2)When the particle diameter was d i 0.025 mm,the adsorp-tion was predominant in the sorption of Bap,which accounted for 68.7%-82.4%of the sorption.For the particles with the size of 0.007 mm≤d“0.007 mm ≤d“d<0.007 mm”.(4)The partition coeffi-cients of Bap in solids with different particle sizes were linearly correlated with the organic content,and the Koc of Bap was about 1.26 × 10^(5)(L/kg).

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) benzo(a)pyrene adsorption partition sediment the yellow river

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Regional agricultural landscape pattern changes along the yellow river in Henan Province from 1987 to 2002

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2005年第4期15卷 415-422页

作者： LIANG Guofu DING Shengyan LI Zhiheng Research Center of yellow river Civilization and Sustainable Development HenanUniversity Kaifeng 475001 China College of Environment ＆ Planning Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001 China

Agricultural landscape along the riparian zones is designated as important landscape components for partly controlling water quality, biodiversity, as well as for their aesthetic role in landscapes. Therefore, the change of agricultural landscape along the riparian zones is at the top of the agenda for many policy makers and landscape planners. As a basis for conservation management, sufficient information about landscape structure should be provided. In the present study, we reconstructed the former landscape structure and elucidated the changes in landscape patterns during a period of about 15 years. Two sets of maps were used： a landsat-5 TM image （1987） and landsat-7 ETM image （2002）. The frequency index, landscape diversity index and landscape fragmentation index were calculated for analyses. The results showed that：（1） the areas of the irrigated land, river, forest and beach landscape classes presented a decreasing trend while the areas of landscape classes of pool, paddy fields, dry land and construction land increased. （2） Disturbed by human activity, landscape diversity index increased but landscape fragmentation index decreased. In short, Human activities have had important influences on agricultural landscape of the riparian zones along the yellow river in Henan Province.

关键词： agricultural landscape landscape pattern change the yellow river Henan Province

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