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Effects of Turfgrass thatch on Water Infiltration, Surface Runoff, and Evaporation

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第7期9卷 799-810页

作者： Xi Liang Derong Su Zhi Wang Xin Qiao Research Center of Grassland Ecology and Resources Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Department of Plant Soil and Entomological Sciences University of Idaho Aberdeen Research and Extension Center Aberdeen USA Institute of Water and Development Chang’an University Xi’an China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences California State University Fresno USA Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Panhandle Research and Extension Center Scottsbluff USA

The development of a (layer of) thatch in turfgrass causes important changes to near-surface eco-hydrological processes. In this study, we investigated the effects of turfgrass thatch, specifically Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) on water infiltration, surface runoff, and soil moisture evaporation. The thatches were collected from the field for controlled experiments using packed soil columns under various rainfall conditions. Results indicated that the presence of thatch delayed the onset of infiltration compared with situations without a thatch at the soil surface. Infiltration was delayed for a longer period in thicker red fescue thatch than thinner Kentucky bluegrass thatch. The presence of a thatch reduced runoff by holding more water locally during the rainfall period and allowing a longer period of time for infiltration. Additionally, evaporative water loss was reduced with the presence of thatch than that of bare soil. Our results highlight that the presence of thatch changes the near-surface hydrological processes, which may help improve turf management practices in terms of thatch control and irrigation scheduling.

关键词： Turfgrass thatch Infiltration Runoff Evaporative Water Loss

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Thermomechanical Characterisation of Compressed Clay Bricks Reinforced by thatch Fibres for the Optimal Use in Building

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第12期9卷 913-935页

作者： Madeleine Nitcheu Pierre Meukam Jean Claude Damfeu Donatien Njomo Department of Physics Faculty of Science Environmental Energy Technologies Laboratory (EETL) University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Basic Scientific Teaching School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory of Energy Water and Environment (L3E) National Advanced School of Engineering Yaounde Cameroon

thatch fibres grow in large quantity in the Adamawa region of Cameroon. During the long dry season, these fibres cause numerous fire incidents, which not only devastate large areas of cash crops, but also contribute to increase emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This article aims to show how fibres could be used with compressed clay bricks to manufacture an insulating material used in building. Four fibre contents 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% made up the sample studied. The asymmetric hot plate methodology was used to determine the thermophysical properties of these composite materials. The volumetric heat capacity and the thermal effusivity of these materials were estimated. These two parametres were used to determine their apparent thermal conductivities. The results obtained show that the thermal conductivity decreases as the volume of fibres in the mixture increases. It is 0.689 W·m-1·K-1 for simple compressed clay bricks and 0.510 W·m-1·K-1 for a dosage at 3% of thatch fibres. In a bit to validate the results of the pilot study of the apparent thermal conductivity, the heat mass capacity of this composite material was achieved through the use of the dehydration method. The relative difference obtained with the results of the volumetric heat capacity carried out with these two methods was good. All results showed that the use of fibres in compressed laterite brick gives a more insulating composite material that respects Civil Engineering Norms.

关键词： thatch Fibres Clay Bricks Thermo Mechanical Properties Transient Method Mixing Method

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