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testosterone replacement maintains smooth muscle content in the corpus cavernosum of orchiectomized rats

Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第4期4卷 223-229页

作者： Graziele Halmenschlager Ernani Luis Rhoden Gabriela Almeida Motta Lucas Sagrillo Fagundes Jorge Luiz Medeiros Jr Rosalva Meurer Claudia Ramos Rhoden Centro Universitario Ritter dos Reis(UniRitter)and Universidade Federal de Cieˆncias da Sau´de de Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)e PPG Cieˆncias da Sau´de Porto AlegreRSBrazil Department of Urology at Universidade Federal de Cieˆncias da Sau´de de Porto Alegre(UFCSPA) Urologist at Irmandade Santa Casa de Miserico´rdia de Porto Alegre(ISCMPA)and Hospital Moinhos de Vento de Porto Alegre(HMV)Porto AlegreRSBrazil Universidade Federal de Cieˆncias da Sau´de de Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)e PPG Cieˆncias da Sau´de-Porto Alegre RSBrazil INRS Institut Armand Frappier(Universit.du Que´bec)and BioMed Research Center Laval QuebecCanada Laboratory of Morphometry Metabolismand Cardiovascular DiseaseBiomedical CenterInstitute of BiologyState University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratory of Multidisciplinary of Sciences Biomedical CenterMedical School of Valenc¸aValenc¸a/Rio de JaneiroBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the effects of testosterone(T)on the maintenance of corpus cavernosum(CC)structure and ***:Animals were divided into three groups:sham operation group(n Z 8)underwent sham operation;Orchiectomized(Orchiec)t oily vehicle group(n Z 8)underwent bilateral orchiectomy and received a single dose of oily vehicle by intramuscular injection(i.m.)30 days after orchiectomy;and Orchiec t T group(n Z 8)underwent bilateral orchiectomy and received a single dose of T undecanoate 100 mg/kg i.m.30 days after the *** were euthanized 60 days after the beginning of the experiment with an anesthetic overdose of ketamine and *** samples and penile tissue were collected on euthanasia.

关键词： testosterone replacement Histomorphometry Androgen deprivation Hypogonadism Corpus cavernosum

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Randomized controlled trials - mechanistic studies of testosterone and the cardiovascular system

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第2期20卷 120-130页

作者： T Hugh Jones Daniel M Kelly Robert Hague Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Barnsley UK Academic Unit of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of Sheffield Medical School Sheffield UK Biomedical Research Centre Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield UK

testosterone deficiency is common in men with cardiovascular disease （CVD）, and randomized placebo-controlled trials （RCTs） have reported beneficial effects of testosterone therapy on exercise-induced cardiac ischemia in chronic stable angina, functional exercise capacity, maximum oxygen consumption during exercise （VO2m,x） and muscle strength in chronic heart failure （CHF）, shortening of the Q-T interval, and improvement of some cardiovascular risk factors. testosterone deficiency is associated with an adverse CV risk profile and mortality. Clinical and scientific studies have provided mechanistic evidence to support and explain the findings of the RCTs. testosterone is a rapid-onset arterial vasodilator within the coronary circulation and other vascular beds including the pulmonary vasculature and can reduce the overall peripheral systemic vascular resistance. Evidence has demonstrated that testosterone mediates this effect on vascular reactivity through calcium channel blockade （L-calcium channel） and stimulates potassium channel opening by direct nongenomic mechanisms. testosterone also stimulates repolarization of cardiac myocytes by stimulating the ultra-rapid potassium channel-operated current. testosterone improves cardiac output, functional exercise capacity, VO2m=x and vagally mediated arterial baroreceptor cardiac reflex sensitivity in CHF, and other mechanisms. Independent of the benefit of testosterone on cardiac function, testosterone substitution may also increase skeletal muscle glucose metabolism and enhance muscular strength, both factors that could contribute to the improvement in functional exercise capacity may include improved glucose metabolism and muscle strength. testosterone improves metabolic CV risk factors including body composition, insulin resistance, and hypercholesterolemia by improving both glucose utilization and lipid metabolism by a combination of genomic and nongenomic actions of glucose uptake and utilization expression of the

关键词： cardiovascular testosterone testosterone replacement

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