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Key Social Determinants to Narrow the Gap between Health-adjusted Life Expectancy and Life Expectancy in Megacities

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第9期35卷 773-781页

作者： XI Jun Yan CHEN Yuan Yuan ZHANG Yu Qin LUO Ao DU Zhi Cheng LIANG Bo Heng DONG Hang LIN Xiao QIN Peng Zhe HAO Yuan Tao Department of Medical Statistics School of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080GuangdongChina Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhou 510440GuangdongChina Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhou 511430GuangdongChina Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080GuangdongChina Center for Health Information Research Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080GuangdongChina

Objective Improvement in the quality of life is reflected in the narrowing of the gap between healthadjusted life expectancy(HALE)and life expectancy(LE).The effect of megacity expansion on narrowing the gap is rarely *** study aimed to disclose this potential *** Annual life tables were constructed from identified death records and population counts from multiple administrative sources in Guangzhou,China,from 2010 to *** regression was used to evaluate the temporal *** principal component analysis and multilevel models were applied to examine the county-level association between the gap and social *** Although LE and HALE in megacities are increasing steadily,their gap is *** and health services are guaranteed to narrow this *** personal wealth,a growing number of newborns and healthy immigrants,high urbanization,and healthy aging have helped in narrowing this *** In megacities,parallel LE and HALE growth should be highly considered to narrow their *** social determinants need to be integrated as a whole to formulate public health plans.

关键词： Generalized principal component analysis Health-adjusted life expectancy Megacities Quality of life Social determinants temporal trend Urban expansion

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Changing trends of disease burden of gastric cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 and its predictions:Findings from Global Burden of Disease Study

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2021年第1期33卷 11-26页

作者： Tongchao Zhang Hui Chen Xiaolin Yin Qiufeng He Jinyu Man Xiaorong Yang Ming Lu Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Clinical Epidemiology Unit Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Clinical Research Center of Shandong University Jinan 250012China

Objective:China is one of the countries with the heaviest burden of gastric cancer(GC)in the *** the epidemiological trends and patterns of GC in China can contribute to formulating effective prevention ***:The data on incidence,mortality,and disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs)of GC in China from1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study(2019).The estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)was calculated to evaluate the temporal trends of disease burden of GC,and the package Nordpred in the R program was used to perform an age-period-cohort analysis to predict the numbers and rates of incidence and mortality in the next 25 ***:The number of incident cases of GC increased from 317.34 thousand in 1990 to 612.82 thousand in2019,while the age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR)of GC decreased from 37.56 per 100,000 in 1990 to 30.64 per 100,000 in 2019,with an EAPC of-0.41[95%confidence interval(95%CI):-0.77,-0.06].Pronounced temporal trends in mortality and DALYs of GC were *** the next 25 years,the numbers of new GC cases and deaths are expected to increase to 738.79 thousand and 454.80 thousand,respectively,while the rates of incidence and deaths should steadily *** deaths and DALYs attributable to smoking were different for males and ***:In China,despite the fact that the rates of GC have decreased during the past three decades,the numbers of new GC cases and deaths increased,and will continue to increase in the next 25 *** strategies are needed to reduce the burden of GC,such as screening and early detection,novel treatments,and the prevention of risk factors.

关键词： Gastric cancer disease burden temporal trend risk factor prediction

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Survival trends of patients with non-metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in the US and European countries:the impact of decreasing resection rates

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Cancer Communications 2022年第7期42卷 648-662页

作者： Lei Huang Lina Jansen Rob H.A.Verhoeven Jelle P.Ruurda Liesbet Van Eycken Harlinde De Schutter Jan Johansson Mats Lindblad Tom B.Johannesen Vesna Zadnik Tina Zagar Sjoerd M.Lagarde Cornelis J.Hvan de Velde Petra Schrotz-King Hermann Brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg of Heidelberg University Heidelberg 69120Germany German Cancer Consortium German Cancer Research CenterHeidelberg 69120Germany Department of Research&Development Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer OrganizationUtrecht 3501 DBThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Amsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdam 1105 AZThe Netherlands Department of Surgery University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht 3508 GAThe Netherlands Belgian Cancer Registry Brussels B-1210Belgium Department of Esophageal and Gastric Surgery Lund University HospitalLund 22185Sweden Department of Clinical Science Interventionand TechnologyDivision of SurgeryKarolinska University HospitalStockholm 17176Sweden Registry Department The Cancer Registry of NorwayOslo 0379Norway Epidemiology and Cancer Registry Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Department of Surgery Erasmus Medical Centre-University Medical Centre RotterdamRotterdam 3015 CEThe Netherlands Department of Surgical Oncology Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2300 RCThe Netherlands Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor DiseasesHeidelberg 69120Germany

Background:We previously observed decreasing resection rates of nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma(GaC)in the US and some European *** and to what extent these trends affect the trends in overall survival(OS)of patients with non-metastatic GaC at the population level remain *** large international population-based cohort study aimed to assess the impact of the previously observed decreasing resection rates on multivariable-adjusted trends in the long-term OS of patients with non-metastatic ***:Individual-level data of patients with non-metastatic GaC were obtained from the national cancer registries of the Netherlands,Belgium,Sweden,Norway,and Slovenia,and the US Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results *** analyzed data for each country *** between year of diagnosis and OS were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression model with adjustment for multiple prognostic variables,with and without including resection and chemotherapy as potential explanatory ***:A total of 66,398 non-metastatic GaC patients diagnosed in 2003-2016 were analyzed,with an accumulated follow-up of 172,357 *** adjustment for resection,OS was improved only slightly in the US[hazard ratio(HR)_(per year)=0.99;HR_(≥vs.trend became stronger in the US(HR_(per year)=0.98;HR_(≥vs.temporal trend became insignificant in *** Slovenia(HR_(per year)=0.99;HR_(≥vs.<2010)=0.92)and Norway(HR_(per year)=0.97;HR_(≥vs.<2010)=0.86),improved OS over time emerged after resection *** OS in patients undergoing resection was observed in the US,the Netherlands,and *** for chemotherapy did not alter the observed *** analyses by tumor location showedm

关键词： gastric adenocarcinoma resection rate adjusted overall survival temporal trend prognostic factors international population-based cohort study

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Spatial-temporal pattern of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第3期10卷 47-57页

作者： Tatiana P.Portella Roberto A.Kraenkel Departsmento de Ecologia Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil lnstituto de Fisica Teorica Universidade Estadual PaulistaSao PauloBrazil.

Background:Cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL)is a vector-borne disease classified by the World Health Organization as one ofthe most neglected tropical *** has the highest incidence of CL in America and is one of the ten countries in the world with the highest number of *** the spatiotemporal dynamics of CL is essential to provide guidelines for public health policies in *** the present study we used a spatial and temporal statistical approach to evaluate the dynamics ofCL in ***:We used data of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases provided by the Ministry of Health of Brazil from 2001 to *** calculated incidence rates and used the Mann-Kendall trend test to evaluate the temporal trend of CL in each *** addition,we used Kuldorff scan method to identify spatiotemporal clusters and emerging hotspots test to evaluate hotspot areas and their temporal ***:We found a general decrease in the number of CL cases in Brazil(from 15.3 to 8.4 cases per 100000 habitants),although 3.2%of municipalities still have an increasing tendency of CL incidence and 72.5%showed no tendency at *** scan analysis identified a primary cluster in northern and central regions and 21 secondary clusters located mainly in south and southeast *** emerging hotspots analysis detected a high spatial and temporal variability of hotspots inside the main cluster area,diminishing hotspots in eastern Amazon and permanent,emerging,and new hotspots in the states of Amapa and parts of Para,Roraima,Acre and Mato *** central coast the state of Bahia is one of the most critical areas due to the detection of a cluster of the highest rank in a secondary cluster,and because it is the only area identified as an intensifying ***:Using a combination of statistical methods we were able to detect areas of higher incidence of CL and understand how it changed over *** suggest that these areas,especially those identified as perman

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Spatiotemporal cluster Emerging hotspot temporal trend Brazil

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Historical Record and Flux of DDTs and PCBs to the Palos Verdes Shelf Superfund Site,California

Historical Record and Flux of DDTs and PCBs to the Palos Ver...

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中国化学会第30届学术年会-第二十六分会：环境化学

作者： Chunyang Liao Allison R.Taylor Jay Gan State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Environmental Sciences University of California

Marine sediments at many locations in the world are contaminated with a wide range of persistent organic *** Palos Verdes Shelf（PVS） is located in the ocean off the coast of Los Angeles,California and has been proposed as a Superfund site by the US EPA since 1997,because of heavy contamination of DDTs and ***,little is known about the magnitude of DDTs and PCBs contamination in the PVS Superfund site or historical trend and associated risks as a result of wastewater discharge of these *** this study,sediment cores were taken from the PVS site and determined for DDT and its metabolites including DDE and DDD（denoted as DDTs） and selected *** DDTs were found in the majority（95%） of the samples analyzed,and the highest ΣDDTs（sum of o,p’-and p,p’-DDTs,DDEs,DDDs;geometric mean:31300,median:82400 ng/g dry weight（dw）） was found in sediment samples from the core 8C,followed by that found for the core 7.5C（7490,17300 ng/g dw） and 6C（5010,5200 ng/g dw）.Among DDT congeners,p,p’-DDE,o,p’-DDE and p,p’-DDD were predominant,contributing to approximately 54%,27%,and 14% of the ΣDDTs in ***,the concentrations and detection frequency of PCBs were notably *** sediment cores were dated by 210 Pb with measuring the unsupported and supported 210 Pb activities and the vertical profiles of concentrations of contaminants in the sediment cores were *** core 8C showed a steady increase in the concentrations of DDTs and PCBs during 1940 s to 1980 s,and the concentrations declined gradually in the surficial *** trend was found for other sediment cores with the exception of the core 3C,for which a much sharper peak in sections from the 1940-1960 s was *** the basis of the mass flux of DDTs calculated and the area of the PVS Superfund site,we estimated the total deposition amount of DDTs in sediment and the deposition amount of ΣDDTs in this region during 1947-1971 was 132 *** deposited DDTs in

关键词： Palos Verdes Shelf Sediment Core DDTs PCBs temporal trend

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