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temperature inversion in the Bay of Bengal Prior to the Summer Monsoon Onsets in 2010 and 2011

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第4期5卷 290-294页

作者： LI Jian YANG Lei SHU Ye-Qiang WANG Dong-Xiao State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academic of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Freshwater input such as runoff and rainfall can enhance stratification in the Bay of Bengal(BOB) through the formation of a "barrier layer",which can lead to the formation of a temperature *** authors focused on the temperature inversion in spring,especially before the onset of the summer monsoon,because previous research has mainly focused on the temperature inversion in *** the hydrographic data from two cruises performed during 24-30 April 2010 and 1-4 May 2011,the authors found that inversions appeared at two out of nine Conductivity-temperature-Depth Recorder(CTD) stations across the 10°N section and at seven out of 13 CTD stations across the 6°N section in the *** 2010,the inversions(at stations N02 and N05) occurred at depths of approximately 50-60 meters,and their formation was caused by the advection of cold water over warm *** 2010,the N02 inversion was mainly influenced by the warm saline water from the east sinking below the cold freshwater from the west,while the N05 inversion was affected by the warm saline water from its west sinking below the cold freshwater from its *** 2011,the inversions appeared at depths of 20-40 meters(at stations S01,S02,S07,S08,and S09) and near 50 m(S12 and S13).The inversions in 2011 were mainly caused by the net heat loss of the ocean along the 6°N section.

关键词： temperature inversion heat flux lateral ad- vection barrier layer stratification freshwater

Site-testing at Muztagh-ata site Ⅲ:temperature inversion in surface-layer atmosphere

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第6期20卷 185-192页

作者： Jing Xu Ali Esamdin Guo-Jie Feng Guang-Xin Pu Yi Hu Ke-Liang Hu Xu Yang Jin-Xin Hao Yan-Jie Xue Xu Zhou Shu-Guo Ma Abudusaimaitijiang Yisikandee Le-Tian Wang Xuan Zhang Chun-Hai Bai Peng Wei Liang Ming Lu Ma Jin-Zhong Liu Yun-Ying Jiang Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

In this article,we present detailed seasonal,monthly and daily statistics of temperature difference in the surface layer at the Muztagh-ata site based on the temperature measurements at two heights of 2 m and6 *** find that temperature inversion occurs frequently at our site during nighttime,especially during the cold *** temperature inversion always represents stable atmospheric turbulence,which is crucial for an optical *** analyzing the behavior of temperature inversion and its correlation with wind and cloud amount,one conclusion can be made that radiation inversion is the main reason for the existence of temperature inversion in the surface-layer at the Muztagh-ata site.

关键词： site testing atmospheric turbulence temperature inversion

Spatiotemporal variation and mechanisms of temperature inversion in the Bay of Bengal and the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第4期41卷 23-39页

作者： K M Azam Chowdhury Wensheng Jiang Guimei Liu Md Kawser Ahmed Shaila Akhter College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China KeyLab of Marine Environment and Ecology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Oceanography&International Centre for Ocean Governance(ICOG) University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China

In the northern Bay of Bengal,the existence of intense temperature inversion during winter is a widely accepted ***,occurrences of temperature inversion during other seasons and the spatial distribution within and adjacent to the Bay of Bengal are not well *** this study,a higher resolution spatiotemporal variation of temperature inversion and its mechanisms are examined with mixed layer heat and salt budget analysis utilizing long-term Argo(2004 to 2020)and RAMA(2007 to 2020)profiles data in the Bay of Bengal and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean(EEIO).temperature inversion exists(17.5%of the total 39293 Argo and 51.6%of the 28894 RAMA profiles)throughout the year in the entire study *** shows strong seasonal variation,with the highest occurrences in winter and the lowest in *** winter inversion in the northern Bay of Bengal,two other regions with frequent temperature inversion are identified in this study for the first time:the northeastern part of the Bay of Bengal and the eastern part of the EEIO during summer and *** processes of temperature inversion for different subregions are revealed in the current *** of heat(mean~25 W/m;)below the haline-stratified shallow mixed layer leads to a relatively warmer subsurface layer along with the simultaneous cooling tendency in mixed layer,which controls more occurrence of temperature inversion in the northern Bay of Bengal throughout the *** lower cooling tendency due to net surface heat loss and higher mixed layer salinity leaves the southern part of the bay less supportive to the formation of temperature inversion than the northern *** the EEIO,slightly cooling tendency in the mixed layer along with the subduction of warm-salty Arabian Sea water beneath the cold-fresher Bay of Bengal water,and downwelling of thermocline creates a favorable environment for forming temperature inversion mainly during summer and *** isothermal layer

关键词： temperature inversion Bay of Bengal Argo and RAMA data intrusion of the Arabian Sea water eastern equatorial Indian Ocean penetrative heat below mixed layer depth

A temperature inversion in "Chinese Arctic Research Expedition 1999

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Chinese Journal of Polar Science 2002年第1期13卷 83-88页

作者：刘宇周立波邹捍 Institute of Atmospheric Physics， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100029， China

Using the boundary layer observation data collected by 'Arctic Upper Air Observation 1999' in Chinese Arctic Research Expedition 1999, a strong temperature inversion in summer is studied. It shows that the intensity (6.3℃/(100 m)) is much stronger than the climatology average value in summer and winter. The temperature inversion took on a remarkable diurnal variation. The intensity of inversion gradually weakened from night to daytime.

关键词： Arctic temperature inversion diurnal variation.

On the Shallowing of Antarctic Low-Level temperature inversions Projected by CESM-LE under RCP8.5

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 586-599页

作者： Minghu DING Lin ZHANG Tingfeng DOU Yi HUANG Yingyan LUO Junmei LYU Cunde XIAO State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Ecological Environment of Hebei Province Hebei Provincial Institute of Meteorological SciencesShijiazhuang050021China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

temperature inversions are frequently observed in the boundary layer and lower troposphere of polar *** variations of the low-level temperature inversions in these regions,especially the Antarctic,are still poorly *** to the scarcity of observations in the Antarctic,reanalysis data and numerical simulations are often used in the study of Antarctic climate *** on ERA-Interim,ERA5,JRA-55,and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis products,this study examines temporal and spatial variations of Antarctic inversion depth in austral autumn and winter during *** inversions are found to occur over the high plateau areas of the Antarctic *** on the Mann-Kendall test,ERA-Interim and ERA5 data reveal that the Antarctic inversion depth in austral autumn and winter increased during 1992-2007,roughly maintained afterwards,and then significantly decreased since around *** decrease trend is more obvious in the last two months of ***,JRA-55 better represents the spatial distribution of inversion depth,and ERA-Interim has better interannual *** Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble(CESM-LE)30-member simulations in 1979-2005 were first verified against JRA-55,showing reasonable consistency,and were then used to project the future changes of Antarctic low-level inversion depth over 2031-2050 under *** CESM-LE projection results reveal that the temperature inversion will shallow in the Antarctic at the end of the 21st century,and the decrease in depth in autumn will be more pronounced than that in *** particular,the temperature inversion will weaken over the ice-free ocean,while it will remain stable over the ice sheet,showing certain spatial heterogeneity and seasonal dependence on the underlying cryospheric surface *** addition,the decrease of inversion depth is found closely linked with the reduction in sea ice,suggesting the strong effect of global warming on the thermal structure change o

关键词： boundary layer temperature inversion Antarctic climate change Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble(CESM-LE)

Contributions of shortwave radiation to the formation of temperature inversions in the Bay of Bengal and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean:A modeling approach

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第9期41卷 19-37页

作者： K M Azam Chowdhury Wensheng Jiang Changwei Bian Guimei Liu Md Kawser Ahmed Shaila Akhter College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Department of Oceanography&International Centre for Ocean Governance(ICOG) University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing100081China Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES) Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao266237China Bangladesh Betar Ministry of Information and BroadcastingGovernment of the People’s Republic of BangladeshDhaka1207Bangladesh

Variations in incoming shortwave radiation influence the net surface heat flux,contributing to the formation of a temperature *** effects of shortwave radiation on the temperature inversions in the Bay of Bengal and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean have never been ***,a high-resolution(horizontal resolution of 0.07°×0.07° with 50 vertical layers) Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) model is utilized to quantify the contributions of shortwave radiation to the temperature inversions in the study *** of the mixed layer heat and salt budgets are performed,and different model simulations are *** model results suggest that a 30% change in shortwave radiation can change approximately 3% of the temperature inversion area in the Bay of *** shortwave radiation reduces the net surface heat flux and cools the mixed layer substantially;it also reduces the evaporation rate,causing less evaporative water vapor losses from the ocean than the typical situation,and ultimately enhances haline ***,the rudimentary outcome of this research is that a decrease in shortwave radiation produces more temperature inversion in the study region,which is primarily driven by the net surface cooling and supported by the intensive haline ***,low shortwave radiation eventually intensifies the temperature inversion layer by thickening the barrier *** study could be an important reference for predicting how the Indian Ocean climate will respond to future changes in shortwave radiation.

关键词： mixed layer cooling haline stratification temperature inversion ROMS model shortwave radiation Bay of Bengal eastern equatorial Indian Ocean

Low-Level temperature inversions and Their Effect on Aerosol Condensation Nuclei Concentrations under Different Large-Scale Synoptic Circulations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第7期32卷 898-908页

作者： LI Jun CHEN Hongbin Zhanqing LI WANG Pucai Maureen CRIBB FAN Xuehua Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology The Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of MarylandCollege Park College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University

Knowledge of the statistical characteristics of inversions and their effects on aerosols under different large-scale synoptic circulations is important for studying and modeling the diffusion of pollutants in the boundary layer. Based on results gen- erated using the self-organizing map （SOM） weather classification method, this study compares the statistical characteristics of surface-based inversions （SBIs） and elevated inversions （EIs）, and quantitatively evaluates the effect of SBIs on aerosol condensation nuclei （CN） concentrations and the relationship between temperature gradients and aerosols for six prevailing synoptic patterns over the the Southern Great Plains （SGP） site during 2001-10. Large-scale synoptic patterns strongly influ- ence the statistical characteristics of inversions and the accumulation of aerosols in the low-level atmosphere. The activity, frequency, intensity, and vertical distribution of inversions are significantly different among these synoptic patterns. The verti- cal distribution of inversions varies diurnally and is significantly different among the different synoptic patterns. Anticyclonic patterns affect the accumulation of aerosols near the ground more strongly than cyclonic patterns. Mean aerosol CN con- centrations increase during SBIs compared to no inversion cases by 16.1%, 22.6%, 24.5%, 58.7%, 29.8% and 23.7% for the six synoptic patterns. This study confirms that there is a positive correlation between temperature gradients and aerosol CN concentrations near the ground at night under similar large-scale synoptic patterns. The relationship is different for different synoptic patterns and can be described by linear functions. These findings suggest that large-scale synoptic patterns change the static stability of the atmosphere and inversions in the lower atmosphere, thereby influencing the diffusion of aerosols near the ground.

关键词： temperature inversion aerosol condensation nuclei large-scale synoptic pattern statistical characteristics

High-precision temperature retrieval algorithm and verification for mesospheric airglow spectrum photometer

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1639-1651页

作者： Shuqi NIU Haiyang GAO Zhaoai YAN Ke REN Leilei KOU Baichuan JIANG Lingbin BU Key Open Laboratory of Aerosol and Cloud Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing 210044China School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

Photometric technology,characterized by its compact structure and relatively high stability,finds wide application in measuring airglow *** instrumentation is anticipated to assume a pivotal role as the primary equipment for extensive network observations of middle and upper atmospheric temperatures in China,thereby providing crucial support for space environmental monitoring and atmospheric dynamic ***,susceptibility to various factors such as instrument inconsistency,variability in observation conditions,and alterations in the background atmospheric environment across different stations poses a challenge,potentially resulting in data inconsistencies in network *** response to these challenges,we propose a multiple-parameter iterative inversion(MPII)algorithm for temperature retrieval based on a mesospheric airglow spectrum photometer(MASP)developed by our research *** algorithm accurately identifies the center of the image circle,corrects image distortion,and thereby obtains an accurate synthetic spectrum reflective of actual *** encompasses five adjustable parameters:sky background light,atmospheric temperature,filter temperature,optical system focal length,and degree of synthetic spectrum *** to traditional methods,significant enhancements in the accuracy of the inverted temperature are *** validate the effectiveness of the MPII algorithm,we conducted combined active and passive remote sensing synchronous measurements using MASP in conjunction with a sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar developed by the National Space Science *** utilizing the lidar temperature as a reference,atmospheric background radiation is mitigated from the MASP data,and the temperature is inverted using the MPII *** analysis with the traditional method reveals that temperatures calculated by the MPII algorithm exhibit better consistency than those observed by the lidar.

关键词： temperature inversion Airglow spectrum photometer Rotational spectral lines Sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar Comparative observations

Differences in Meteorological Conditions between Days with Persistent and Non-Persistent Pollution in Beijing, China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第1期32卷 81-98页

作者： Ting YOU Renguang WU Gang HUANG Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 College of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu 610225 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237 Joint Center for Global Change Studies Beijing 100875 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

We compared the regional synoptic patterns and local meteorological conditions during persistent and non-persistent pollution events in Beijing using US NCEP–Department of Energy reanalysis outputs and observations from meteorological stations. The analysis focused on the impacts of high-frequency（period 〈 90 days） variations in meteorological conditions on persistent pollution events（those lasting for at least 3 days）. Persistent pollution events tended to occur in association with slow-moving weather systems producing stagnant weather conditions, whereas rapidly moving weather systems caused a dramatic change in the local weather conditions so that the pollution event was short-lived. Although Beijing was under the influence of anomalous southerly winds in all four seasons during pollution events, notable differences were identified in the regional patterns of sea-level pressure and local anomalies in relative humidity among persistent pollution events in different seasons. A region of lower pressure was present to the north of Beijing in spring, fall, and winter, whereas regions of lower and higher pressures were observed northwest and southeast of Beijing, respectively, in summer. The relative humidity near Beijing was higher in fall and winter, but lower in spring and summer. These differences may explain the seasonal dependence of the relationship between air pollution and the local meteorological variables. Our analysis showed that the temperature inversion in the lower troposphere played an important part in the occurrence of air pollution under stagnant weather *** results from this study are based on a limited number of events and thus require validation using more data.

关键词： persistent and non-persistent pollution events regional synoptic patterns local meteorological conditions temperature inversion stability index Beijing