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Landslides triggered by the 1970 Ms 7.7 Tonghai earthquake in Yunnan,China: an inventory, distribution characteristics, and tectonic significance

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1633-1649页

作者： CUI Yu-long HU Jun-hong XU Chong MIAO Hai-bo ZHENG Jun School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The 1970 Tonghai earthquake, which occurred on January 5, 1970, in Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, China, triggered a large number of landslides. Since the occurrence of the earthquake, there have been a huge number of research reports on the seismogenic structure and earthquake mechanism, but rare reports on the seismic landslides. As the largest earthquake recorded in the Qujiang fault zone, the study on the coseismic landslides triggered by this earthquake are of great significance to the prevention and mitigation of earthquake-induced landslides in this region. In this study, we established a coseismic landslide inventory for the VⅢ–X seismic intensity areas of the Ms 7.7 Tonghai earthquake, and conducted spatial analysis on the coseismic landslides, mainly having analyzed the effect of the topographic factors, geological factors, and seismic factors on the development of the coseismic landslides. To enhance the understanding of this earthquake, we converted the earthquake epicenter and magnitude with empirical formulas based on the distributions and areas of the coseismic landslides. Comparing with coseismic landslides in other earthquake-hit areas, we found the capability that this earthquake could induce landslides is low. This study provides a useful supplement to the global coseismic landslide inventories and could be the basic data for seismic landslide assessment in this earthquake-prone region.

关键词： 1970 Tonghai Ms 7.7 earthquake Coseismic landslides Landslide inventory Spatial analysis tectonic significance

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Geochemical Characteristics and tectonic significance of Triassic Granite from Taer Region, the Northern Margin of West Kunlun

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第2期87卷 346-357页

作者： HUANG Jianguo YANG Ruidong YANG Jian CUI Chunlong School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and Technology College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University

Late Hercynian-early Indosinian （Triassic） granite is widely distributed around the Taer region of the northern margin of West Kunlun. The rock mass is mainly composed of calc-alkaline porphyroid biotite adamellite and characterized by SiO2-rich, high-Ca, moderate-alkaline, and strongly peraluminous attributes, and relatively low ~REE with LREE enrichment and a moderate Eu anomaly. As shown in the trace element spider web diagram, distinct peaks appear for Th, La, Nd, and Zr and clearly low values appear for Ba, Nb, Sr, P, and Ti. Further, compared with the primitive mantle, Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba are considerably higher and Nd/Th and Nb/Ta are relative low, all falling into the scope of the crust-origin rocks, indicating the characteristics of the crust-origin S-type granite. The rock mass＇s zircon U-Pb isotopic age is determined to be 235.7 -~ 3.9 Ma. On the basis of the age data, spatio-temporal location, lithology, and geochemistry of the rock mass, we conclude that the formation of the rock mass is closely related to the strong compressional orogenic movement （240 Ma） of the Tianshuihai terrane and the South Kunlun terrane. The rock mass is the product of the collision orogenic movement. However, distinct differences are observed between the studied rock mass and the synorogenic Bulunkou rock mass, which may be caused by the different collision strength and different positions with respect to the collision zone.

关键词： Triassic granite S-type granite zircon U-Pb age tectonic significance northern margin ofWest Kunlun

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Petrogenesis and tectonic significance of the Three-Period Porphyries from the Daruoluolong Cu(Au) Deposit, Tibet, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第3期92卷 1267-1269页

作者： GAO Ke SONG Yang LIU Zhibo FANG Xiang LI Faqiao LI Haifeng College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of Technology Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences

Objective The Daruoluolong deposit is the first high-grade Cu(Au)deposit discovered in the middle section of the Bangonghu-Nujiang(herein after referred to as Ban-Nu)metallogenic belt,which has not been documented abo... 详细信息

关键词： the Daruoluolong Cu (Au) Deposit tectonic significance

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Feldspar Lead Isotopic Composition of Granitoids from the Eastern Qinling Orogenic Belt and Their tectonic significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1997年第2期71卷 171-179页

作者： Zhang Hongfei Zhang Benren Zhao Zhidan Luo Tingchuan and Chen Yuelong Department of Geochemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei

This paper reports 48 feldspar lead isotope analyses from 27 granitic intrusions,which formed from the Late Proterozic to Mesozoic within the Eastern Qinling oregenic belt. Itis found that the granitic rocks of South Qinling are characterized by a strong block-effect anddepletion in U-Pb and Th-Pb, showing that these rocks came from the same lead isotopetectono-geochemical province, while those of North Qinling are characterized by higher U-Pband Th-Pb for Late Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic ones and lower U-Pb and Th-Pb forLate-Palaeozoic and younger ones in their feldspar lead isotopic composition. In the NorthQinling block, lead isotopic signatures reflect that the source of granitic magma had changedsince the Late Palaeozoic. Comparison of feldspar lead isotopic composition between SouthQinling and North Qinling shows that there is marked difference in lead isotopic compositionfor pre-Palaeozoic granitoids, indicating that the South Qinling and the North Qinling blocksbelong to different tectonic units, but the similarities in lead isotopic composition are quiteclear, which indicates that the South Qinling block had been welded with the North Qinlingblock and that the magma sources of both blocks were identical. The analysis provides directevidence for underplating of the continental crust of South Qinling beneath the North Qinlingblock in the continent-continent interaction stage of the Eastern Qinling oregenic belt.

关键词： Eastern Qinling orogenic belt granitic rock feldspar Pb isotopic composition tectonic significance

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CHARACTERISTICS OF CRUST-MANTLE TRANSITION ZONE AND ITS tectonic significance IN THE CONTINENT OF CHINA

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Geotectonica et Metallogenia 2004年第1期28卷 18-27页

作者： LIN Ge WEI Xiangrong GUO Feng ZHOU Ye Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou GD 510640 China.

The crust-mantle transition zone (CMTZ) is an important site for mass and energy exchange between the lower crust and upper mantle. Several kinds of CMTZ exist beneath the continent of China, which show different seismic reflection characteristics and are composed of different rock associations. In this paper, we identify three types of CMTZ in the continent of China. (a) The CMTZ beneath the Tibet Plateau exhibits a grid-shaped seismic reflection characterized by random and reticular high and low seismic velocity lamellae. It is about 30 km thick, comprising both mafic granulites of lower crust and ultramafic rocks of upper mantle. Such lithological association and seismic velocity structure were inherited from the crustal overthrust and overlapping during the Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Euro-Asian continents; The corresponding crust movement is still very intense in this region. (b) The CMTZ underneath North China Block is usually composed of a thinner strong positive velocity gradient layer with dual properties in the rock associations. This suggests that the crust is still active in the North China Block after significant lithospheric thinning and thermal accretion. (c) The CMTZ in the remaining platform basins of China is characterized by a relatively sharp seismic discontinuity and a clear lithological boundary between the low crust and upper mantle. Such features of the CMTZ beneath Ordos basin correspond to weak crustal movement after a long period of isolation from thermo-tectonic overprinting.

关键词： CMTZ structural property tectonic significance

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Geochemistry and tectonic significance of volcanic rocks from Qushenla Formation in Gerze area of northern Tibetan Plateau

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Global Geology 2015年第1期18卷 16-25页

作者： ZHANG Rui CHI Xiaoguo LIU Jianfeng ZHAO Yuandong SUN Wei PAN Shiyu QUAN Jingyu FAN Lefu WANG Limin College of Earth Science Jilin University Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources China Geological Survey Jiangxi Geological Exploration and Exploitation Institute for Nonferrous Metal Ore Deposit Shenyang Tests Research Centre Northeast China Coal Field Geology Bureau

By using petrological,isotope chronological,and geochemical methods,the authors studied the volcanic rocks in the studied area,mainly including dacites and trachytes. The results show that they formed during the late Early Cretaceous. Geochemically,the volcanic rocks are relatively enriched in large-ion lithophile elements( Rb,K,and Th) and depleted in high field strength elements( Nb,Ta,and Ti),and rich in light rare earth elements,and depleted in heavy rare earth elements. The fact indicates that the main body of the volcanic rocks in the Qushenla Formation was derived from the partial melting of lower crust. The lithological assemblages are characterized by continental high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonitic series,suggesting that the southward-subducting oceanic slab in southern Bangong Lake had break off and that the Bangong Lake-Nujiang Ocean had closed before 107 Ma. The main dynamic mechanisms for the genesis of this set of intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks were upwelling of the asthenosphere and partial melting of the lower crust caused by slab break-off.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Gaize volcanic rock geochemistry tectonic significance Qushenla Formation

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Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of Early Cretaceous Mafic Dikes in Northern Jiangxi Province, SE China and Their Geodynamic Implications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2005年第2期79卷 201-210页

作者： XIEGuiqing HURuizhong MAOJingwen LIRuiling CAOJinjian JIANGGuohao QILiang InstituteofGeochemistry ChineseAcademyofSciencesGuiyangGuizhou550002 InstituteofGeochemistry ChineseAcademyofSciencesGuiyangGuizhou550002／／InstituteofMineralResourcesChineseAcademyofGeologicalSciencesBeijing100037 InstituteofMineralResources ChineseAcademyofGeologicalSciencesBeijing100037 EarthScienceDepartment SunYat-SenUniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275

The development of Early Cretaceous mafic dikes in northern and southern Jiangxi allows an understanding of the geodynamic setting and characteristics of the mantle in southeast China in the Cretaceous. Geological and geochemical characteristics for the mafic dikes from the Wushan copper deposit and No. 640 uranium deposit are given in order to constrain the nature of source mantle, genesis and tectonic implications. According to the mineral composition, the mafic dikes in northern Jiangxi can be divided into spessartite and olive odinite types, which belong to slightly potassium-rich calc-alkaline lamprophyre characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE), large depletion in high strength field elements (HSFE) and with negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies, as well as 87Sr/86Sr ratios varying from 0.7055 to 0.7095 and 143Nd/144Nd ratios varying from 0.5119 to 0.5122. All features indicate that the magma responsible for the mafic dikes was derived mainly from metasomatic lithosphere mantle related to dehydration and/or upper crust melting during subduction. Differences in geochemical characteristics between the mafic dikes in northern Jiangxi and the Dajishan area, southern Jiangxi were also studied and they are attributed to differences in regional lithospheric mantle components and/or magma emplacement depth. Combining geological and geochemical characteristics with regional geological history, we argue that southeast China was dominated by an extensional tectonic setting in the Early Cretaceous, and the nature of the mantle source area was related to enrichment induced by asthenosphere upwelling and infiltration of upper crust-derived fluids responding to Pacific Plate subduction.

关键词： TRACE-ELEMENT tectonic significance SOUTHEASTERN CHINA CONTINENTAL-CRUST CENOZOIC BASALTS HUNAN PROVINCE SOUTH CHINA CONSTRAINTS ORIGIN SR

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U-Pb zircon age and Hf isotope compositions of Mesoproterozoic sedimentary strata on the western margin of the Yangtze massif

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第8期56卷 628-639页

作者： LI HuaiKun ZHANG ChuanLin YAO ChunYan XIANG ZhenQun Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Nanjing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources

The Mesoproterozoic sedimentary strata on the western margin of the Yangtze massif are a clastic-carbonate rock association intercalated with a small amount of tuff and basalt and deposited in a relatively stable environment. They are termed as the Kunyang Group, the Huili Group, and the Dongchuan Group respectively in different regions. We performed zircon U-Pb da- ting of the tuff from the groups. The results, coupled with the detrital zircon U-Pb ages of clastic rocks from the Kunyang Group and the Dongchuan Group, indicate that the sedimentation ages of the Kunyang Group and the Huili Group range from 1050 to 1000 Ma and that the Kunyang Group and the Huili Group belong to a sedimentary association with contemporaneous heterotopic facies. The detrital zircon ages and Hf isotope compositions reveal that the clastic materials in the Kunyang Group and the Huili Group are derived primarily from the Cathaysia massif. Zircons of the tuff in the Dongchuan Group yields an age of ca. 1.5 Ga and all the zircon ages of clastics in the Dongchuan Group are older than 1.5 Ga, indicating that the sedimentation of the Dongchuan Group occurred during the late Mesoproterozoic Changcheng Period. Age spectra of the detrital zircons in- dicate that the clastic materials of the Dongchuan Group are derived primarily from the ancient basement of the Yangtze mas- sif. A systematic Hf isotope determination of various types of zircons in the above three stratigraphic units shows that there is a rapid elevation in the initial Hf value of zircon at -1.5 and 1.0 Ga. Previous studies on the sedimentary characteristics of the Kunyang Group and the Huili Group show that both were deposited in a foreland basin. Combining our data with previous studies, we suggest that the Kunyang Group and the Huili Group are foreland basin sedimentary successions formed along the southern side of the Yangtze massif after an amalgamation between the Yangtze massif and the Cathaysia massif during the Grenvillian.

关键词： western margin of the Yangtze massif Mesoproterozoic U-Pb zircon age Hf isotope tectonic significance

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