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New Indicators of the technological impact of Scientific Production

Journal of Data and Information Science 2021年第4期6卷 36-61页

作者： Vicente P.Guerrero-Bote Henk F.Moed Félix Moya-Anegon SCImago Group Dept.Information and CommunicationUniversity of ExtremaduraBadajozSpain Sapienza University of Rome Italy SCImago Group MadridSpain

Purpose:Building upon pioneering work by Francis Narin and others,a new methodological approach to assessing the technological impact of scientific research is ***/methodology/approach:It is based on the analysis of citations made in patent families included in the PATSTAT database that is to scientific papers indexed in ***:An advanced citation matching procedure is applied to the data in order to construct two indicators of technological impact:on the citing(patent)side,the country/region in which protection is sought and a patent family’s propensity to cite scientific papers are taken into account,and on the cited(paper)side,a relative citation rate is defined for patent citations to papers that is similar to the scientific paper-to-paper citation rate in classical *** limitations:The results are limited by the available data,in our case Scopus and PATSTAT,and especially by the lack of standardization of references in *** required a matching procedure that is neither trivial nor *** implications:Results at the country/region,document type,and publication age levels are *** country/region-level results in particular reveal features that have remained hidden in analyses of straight *** notable is that the rankings of some Asian countries/regions move upwards when the proposed normalized indicator of technological impact is applied as against the case with straight counts of patent citations to those countries/regions’published ***/value:In our opinion,the level of sophistication of the indicators proposed in the current paper is unparalleled in the scientific literature,and provides a solid basis for the assessment of the technological impact of scientific research in countries/regions and institutions.

关键词： technological impact Patents Scientometric PATSTAT Scopus

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Tracking direct and indirect impact on technology and policy of transformative research via ego citation network

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2024年第3期9卷 65-87页

作者： Xian Li Xiaojun Hu College of Computer and Information Science Southwest UniversityChongqing 400037China Medical Information Center Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China

Purpose:The disseminating of academic knowledge to nonacademic audiences partly relies on the transition of subsequent citing *** study aims to investigate direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research based on ego citation ***/methodology/approach:Key Nobel Prize-winning publications(NPs)in fields of gene engineering and astrophysics are regarded as a proxy for transformative *** this contribution,we introduce a network-structural indicator of citing patents to measure technological impact of a target article and use policy citations as a preliminary tool for policy ***:The results show that the impact on technology and policy of NPs are higher than that of their subsequent citation generations in gene engineering but not in *** limitations:The selection of Nobel Prizes is not balanced and the database used in this study,Dimensions,suffers from incompleteness and inaccuracy of citation *** implications:Our findings provide useful clues to better understand the characteristics of transformative research in technological and policy ***/value:This study proposes a new framework to explore the direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research.

关键词： Transformative research Nobel Prize winning articles Citation networks technological impact Policy impact

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ChatGPT新一代人工智能技术发展的经济和社会影响

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理论经济学 2023年第12期

作者：郑世林姚守宇王春峰

ChatGPT作为新一代人工智能技术，将深刻地影响人类的经济和社会发展。本文分析了ChatGPT在人工智能产业、劳动力与就业、教育以及科学研究和科技伦理等多个领域的发展机遇与挑战。研究认为，ChatGPT加速了生成式AI布局、劳动力市场结... 详细信息

ChatGPT作为新一代人工智能技术，将深刻地影响人类的经济和社会发展。本文分析了ChatGPT在人工智能产业、劳动力与就业、教育以及科学研究和科技伦理等多个领域的发展机遇与挑战。研究认为，ChatGPT加速了生成式AI布局、劳动力市场结构演进和教育体系重塑，但与此同时也带来了科技与学术伦理、价值渗透、信息泄露等问题。此外，ChatGPT也存在着潜在威胁，其快速产业应用或将给传统产业带来了难以估量的调整成本，相应的认知污染可能会引发知识和价值观偏差。为充分利用好ChatGPT带来的发展红利，加速各种应用场景落地，并防范其可能引发诸多冲击和风险，本文最后提出了系列政策建议。

关键词： ChatGPT 人工智能技术冲击社会变革政府监管 ChatGPT artificial intelligence technological impact social change government regulation

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