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technical efficiency of cocoa farms at varying elevation levels in Davao City, Philippines: implications to sustainable upland farming systems

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 33-48页

作者： Francis Levi A.DURANO Jon Marx SARMIENTO Larry N.DIGAL Pedro A.ALVIOLA IV School of Management University of the Philippines MindanaoDavao City 8000Philippines

Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa farms using cross-sectional data from areas ranging from 190 to 1021 m above sea level which were classified as low, medium, and high elevation in Davao City, considered as the chocolate capital of the Philippines. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the results showed that the cost of inputs per ha and the number of cocoa trees per ha significantly increase yield. Farms at high elevations were less technically efficient, as this entails lower temperatures and increased rainfall, and cocoa farming in those areas and conditions can be more challenging, especially with changes in farming practices, terrain, and distance to markets. Other significant variables were age of cocoa farms, married farmers, and age of the farmers. Older farms may be more developed, farmers who are married benefit from their spouses being able to readily contribute as farm labor, and lastly, older farmers' inefficiency may likely stem from nonadaptation of newer farming practices. With an average technical efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, and 0.26 in low, medium, and high elevation areas, respectively, farmers therefore have an incentive to improve farm practices and consider topographical variations found in high elevation areas. Recommendations for the improvement of technical efficiency of cocoa farms are better connectivity to markets, enhancing farm practices, and continuation and improvement of government programs on cocoa with an added emphasis on research. For farmers in high elevation areas, mitigating solutions such as sustainable agriculture practices and ecolabelling are key to improving efficiency and minimizing the potential negative impact on upland farming systems. Moreover, such adaptation measures may also contribute to sustainability of cocoa farming in high elevation

关键词： Cocoa farms Cobb-Douglas production function Elevation Philippines Stochastic frontier analysis technical efficiency

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technical efficiency in the Chinese Textile Industry

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2013年第1期8卷 146-163页

作者： Yingxin Wu Xianbo Zhou Department of Economics Lingnan (University) College Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510275 China Department of Economics Lingnan (University) College Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

This paper presents a measurement of the technical efficiency of textile industries with 4-digit codes in China by using the cross-section data from 2002 and 2007 and a fully nonparametric stochastic frontier estimation approach. The technical efficiency of these textile industries is compared across six economic ownership types and across seven regions in China. This uncovers the effects of the proprietary characteristics and the location of a firm on its technical efficiency performance. The nonparametric estimation provides some interesting findings. First, textile production in China performs with a decreasing return to scale. The difference between the output elasticity of labor and that of capital decreases from the year 2002 to 2007. Second, the technical efficiency of the 4-digit textile industry in China is significantly contingent on its ownership and location. Privately-run textile enterprises on average perform with the highest level of technical efficiency among the six ownership types while state-owned enterprises perform with the lowest level of technical efficiency, whether or not the location dummies are accounted for. Third, the technical efficiency evaluated by regions follows the order：＂eastern area 〉 southern area 〉 central area 〉 northern area,＂ which remains unchanged across the two years.

关键词： technical efficiency 4-digit textile industry nonparametric stochasticfrontier model economic ownership types location

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ISO Certification and technical efficiency in the Banking Sector:An Evidence from WAEMU’s Countries Using the DEA Method

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Economics World 2024年第2期11卷 55-68页

作者： Gnoleba Martin Zahore University Alassane Ouattara BouakeCôte d’Ivoire

In the view of the international organization of standardization,the introduction of ISO standards is typical of quality management systems oriented towards strengthening the efficiency of *** banks are not excluded from this *** current study aims to evaluate the effect of ISO certification on the technical performance of WAEMU *** BCEAO data(2020),the DEA model and Tobit estimates show that ISO certification has no effect on the efficiency scores of the banks in the *** is therefore appropriate for these banks to work on improving their business climate.

关键词： business banks DEA technical efficiency ISO WAEMU Tobit

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Spatial variation of technical efficiency of cereal production in China at the farm level

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第2期20卷 470-481页

作者： ZHOU Wen-bin WANG Huai-yu HU Xi DUAN Feng-ying Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081P.R.China Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518108P.R.China

Rice, wheat and maize are the main staple food crops to ensure the food security in China with diversified climate condition, cropping system and environmental and socio-economic factors across provinces. Spatial variation of technical efficiency in farmers' field is helpful to understand the potential to improve farmers' yield given the inputs level and reduce the yield gap. The study is based on a large-scale farm household survey which covered 1 218 rice farmers, 3 566 wheat farmers and 2 111 maize farmers in the main producing areas. The results indicate that rice farmers are with very high technical efficiency level, nearly 0.9 on average, with little room to improve the efficiency of agricultural inputs. Similar results have been found in wheat and maize farmers' fields, although the technical efficiency levels are lower than that of rice farmers while still at a high level with obvious variation across regions. Farmers with higher yield level also achieve better technical efficiency in most locations. Both local environmental and socio-economic factors significantly affect farmers' technical efficiency. In the context of urbanization and economic development, improved and new agricultural technologies need to be prioritized and facilitated to improve cereal yield at farm level.

关键词： technical efficiency spatial variation rice wheat maize

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Factors affecting technical efficiency of small-scale apple farms in Balochistan Plateau, Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第4期14卷 782-794页

作者： Ghulam MURTAZA Gopal Bahadur THAPA Disaster Management and Development Studies University of Balochistan School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology

In Balochistan, Agriculture is dominated by small-scale farmers and the apple production sector is confronted with the chronic constraint of low output per unit of input. Although some agricultural policies have been implemented in this province, studies on effectiveness and impacts of such policies over apple production and farmers' performance are still limited. This study is an effort to bridge the research gap on this potential crop in the plateau by investigating technical and scale efficiency of 181 officially designated small-scale apple farmers in mountainous district Mastung in Balochistan; then explored factors that underlie differences in production inefficiency. A two-stage input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) methodology was employed to evaluate technical and scale efficiency followed by truncated bootstrapped regression framework to analyze the correlative determinants to efficiency. Average technical and scale efficiencies of larger landholders were higher than medium and small landholders. Analysis indicated that there is still ample scope for inefficient sample farmers to reduce the input use by 33% without compromising the given yield level. Maximum contributions to the total input savings were from the use of urea, farm yard manure(FYM) and labor-use. Farmer's experience, farm ownership, irrigation constraints, and farmer's access to trainings, credit and extension services significantly affected apple farmers' technical efficiency. Based on the findings of this study, strategies are suggested to enhancing efficiencies by farmers' capacity development through effective extension services and trainings and provision of adequate credit.

关键词： Small-scale apple farmers technical efficiency Data envelopment analysis (DEA) Bootstrap efficiency-improving resources Balochistan Plateau

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A technical efficiency evaluation system for vegetable production in China

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2018年第3期5卷 345-353页

作者： Ying Xu Biao Zhang Lingxian Zhang Shangqiu University Applied Science and Technology College Kaifeng 475000China Fuyang Normal University Fuyang 236037China China Agricultural University Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Informationization Standardization Ministry of AgricultureBeijingChina

With the increasing demand for food worldwide,it has attracted increasing attention how to improve the agricultural production *** paper aims to develop a technical efficiency evaluation system for vegetable production to provided decisions for the practice of precision *** paper analyses the system-needs and business processes,and proposes a system framework which has three tiers architectures,based on B/S *** stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)algorithm model which is the incorporated into the system is *** system was tested and evaluated by real business data,which were from Beijing from 2003 to 2011 to test system performance based on the temporal perspective and China during 2011 and 2012 to test system performance based on the spatial *** results shows that the system achieves the business requirements with an intelligent tool for data management and technical efficiency evaluation for vegetable production to improve automation,efficiency and convenience.

关键词： Vegetable technical efficiency Stochastic frontier analysis Evaluating system China

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What explains the technical efficiency of banks in Tunisia?Evidence from a two‑stage data envelopment analysis

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Financial Innovation 2021年第1期7卷 1431-1456页

作者： Mohamed Mehdi Jelassi Ezzeddine Delhoumi IHEC Carthage and LEFA Carthage UniversityRue Victor Hugo2016 Carthage PrésidenceTunisia

In this study we examine the potential determinants of technical efficiency for the Tunisian commercial banking sector over the period of 1995–***,we estimate banking technical efficiency with a radial and non-radial bootstrap data envelopment *** the radial technique,we use an input-oriented approach and for non-radial we use the Range Adjusted Measure(RAM).Second,we use a double bootstrapping regression technique to estimate the influence of a set of eventual determinants on technical ***,based on all possible regressions,we gauge the overall effect of each *** results reveal that the input-oriented and RAM approach gave somewhat similar *** found that the return on equity,the expense to income ratio,the loan to deposit ratio,and the growth rate are insignificant to Tunisian banking technical *** particular,banking technical efficiency increases with capitalization and inflation,whereas,it decreases with size,number of bank branches,management to staff ratio,and loan to asset *** addition,we identified evidence supporting the moderate success of the last decade of reforms and a noticeable one for the post-revolution reforms in helping improve banking technical *** post-revolution reforms,largely revolving around reinforcing the rules of good governance and banking supervision,coupled with the restructuring of public banks,were found to be insufficient to raise overall banking technical efficiency despite improvement in the technical efficiency of private banks.

关键词： Tunisian banks Financial intermediation technical efficiency Data envelopment analysis Bootstrap Bias correction Truncated regression

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technical efficiency Estimation of Government Linked Companies in Malaysia

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2011年第6期7卷 555-564页

作者： Jennifer Tunga Janang Rosita Suhaimi Norhana Salamudin Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia

The Malaysian government launched the Government Linked Companies Transformation （GLCT） Programme in May 2004, with the aim, amongst others, of ensuring continuous improvement of these firms amidst global trade competitiveness and economic challenges. This paper examines technical efficiency of government linked companies （GLCs） and benchmarks the result with top foreign owned firms listed in Bursa Malaysia. The study employs an unbalanced panel dataset of 31 existing GLCs over a period of nine years （2000-2008） using the stochastic frontier model. The results provide estimates of mean technical efficiency of these firms for the first time, and highlight the variation between the GLCs and foreign owned firms which represent international standard. The findings show mean technical efficiency of GLCs is moving towards the frontier but it still relatively low compared to the foreign firms. The trend declined drastically at the later period showing a wider gap against the benchmark firms. The findings hope to contribute to the growing literature on firms＇ efficiency focusing on privatized firms in developing countries.

关键词： government linked companies technical efficiency privatization stochastic frontier model

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How Off-farm Employment Affects technical efficiency of China＇s Farms＂ The Case of Jiangsu

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China & World Economy 2016年第3期24卷 37-51页

作者： Linxiu Zhang Weiliang Su Tor Eriksson Chengfang Liu Professor Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences China PhD candidate Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natm'al Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Professor Department of Economics and Business Economics Aarhus University Denmark. Associate Professor School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University China

Using three-wave survey data for four villages of Jiangsu Province in China, the present paper examines whether and to what extent off-farm employment affects the technical efficiency of agricultural production. The level of technical efficiency is measured using a stochastic frontier production function approach. Based on estimation results from instrumental variable panel quantile regressions we find that there is a positive significant effect of off-farm employment on the level of farm technical efficiency. We also find that fragmentation of farmland is a barrier to the improvement of technical efficiency. In addition, we find a downward trend in the level of agricultural technical efficiency among our sample. Therefore, the Chinese Government should stimulate agricultural mechanization and the development of farming techniques to improve technical efficiency in the context of increasing off-farm employment.

关键词： off-farm employment stochastic frontier analysis technical efficiency

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Measuring technical efficiency of Chinese nonferrous metals enterprises on a background of industry consolidation

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2013年第9期23卷 2797-2806页

作者：危平唐慧泉陈瑶陈晓红中南大学商学院长沙410083 中南大学金属资源战略研究院长沙410083

Since 2009, Chinese nonferrous metals industry has been carried out industry consolidation with strong support by the central government. This work examined technical efficiency of Chinese nonferrous metals firms and its change during the period of 2007 and 2011. Based on financial data from nonferrous metals listed companies, technical efficiency of nonferrous metal minerals mining firms and nonferrous metal smelting, pressing and processing firms was estimated respectively using the data envelopment analysis （DEA） method. It was found that, in both sectors, number of pure technical and scale inefficient firms dominated over efficient ones. Overall, their technical and scale efficiency tended to be very low after 2009. In particular, efficiency scores of nonferrous metal smelting, pressing and processing firms fluctuated greatly during the research period. And a limited number of large leading firms were able to maintain 100% efficiency score in the industry, while efficiency of most of other leading firms has declined since 2009.

关键词： industry consolidation nonferrous metals finns data envelopment analysis (DEA) technical efficiency scale efficiency conglomerate

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