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SEMI-FRAGILE WATERMARKING ALGORITHM FOR IMAGE tamperS localization AND RECOVERY

Journal of Electronics(China) 2008年第3期25卷 343-351页

作者： Jiang Xuemei Liu Quan School of Information Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

Two watermarks are embedded into the original image. One is the authentication watermark generated by secret key, which is embedded into the sub-LSB （Least Significant Bit） of the original image for tamper localization; the other is the recovery watermark for tamper recovering. The original image is divided into 8 x 8 blocks and each block is transformed by Discrete Cosine Transform （DCT）. For each block, some lower frequency DCT coefficients are chosen to be quantized and binary encoded so as to gain the recovery watermark of each block, and the recovery watermark is embedded into the LSB of another block by chaos encryption and authentication chain technology. After the two watermarks being detected, the location of any minute changes in image can be detected, and the tampered image data can be recovered effectively. In the paper, the number of coefficients and their bit lengths are carefully chosen in order to satisfy with the payload of each block and gain the capability of self-recovering. The proposed algorithm can well resist against possible forged attacks. Experimental results show that the watermark generated by the proposed algorithm is sensitive to tiny changes in images, and it has higher accuracy of tamper localization and good capability of the tamper recovery.

关键词： Image authentication tamper localization Image recovery Semi-fragile watermark

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A New Fragile Watermarking Scheme for Text Documents Authentication

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第6期11卷 1661-1666页

作者： XIANG Huazheng SUN Xingming TANG Chengliang College of Computer and Communication Hunan University Changsha 410008 Hunan China

Because there are different modification types of deleting characters and inserting characters in text documents, the algorithms for image authentication can not be used for text documents authentication directly. A text watermarking scheme for text document authentication is proposed in this paper. By extracting the features of character cascade together with the user secret key, the scheme combines the features of the text with the user information as a watermark which is embedded into the transformed text itself. The receivers can verify the integrity and the authentication of the text through the blind detection technique. A further research demonstrates that it can also localize the tamper, classify the type of modification, and recover part of modified text documents. The aforementioned conclusion has been proved by both our experiment results and analysis.

关键词： fragile text watermarking character cascade tamper localization tamper type classification tamper recovery

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