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Induction of Tetraploid Male Sterile tagetes erecta by Colchicine Treatment and Its Application for Interspecific Hybridization

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2016年第5期2卷 284-292页

作者： HE Yanhong SUN Yalin ZHENG Riru AI Ye CAO Zhe BAO Manzhu Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences Huazhong Agricultural University Institute of Vegetable Science Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Landscape Architecture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Gulf Coast Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida

tagetes erecta is an annual multifunctional plant which can be cultivated under a broad range of climatic conditions. Polyploidization and interspecific hybridization are applied to facilitate breeding cultivars of T. erecta with improved ornamental qualities. Colchicine treatment to the germinating seeds was proved to be a useful tool for chromosome doubling of the male sterile two-type line ‘M525AB', with the resulting frequency of polyploid seedlings ranging from 88.89%(following 0.05% w/v colchicine applied for a 3–6 h exposure period) to a maximum of100.00%(following 0.1% for 3–6 h, or 0.2% for 3 h). Morphological observation, stomatal size and density analysis, flow cytometric analysis and chromosome counting were conducted to identify the tetraploid plants. Distinctive morphological changes were observed in a notable proportion of polyploid plants. The colchicine-treated polyploid T. erecta plants showed dwarfed and more robust growth, thicker, larger and greener leaves, larger inflorescences and florets. The mutant plants identified through morphological observation all aligned as polyploid plants, thus morphological observation could be an effective method for the detection of polyploidy. The polyploid plants had significant larger stomata size over the abaxial leaf surface, whereas the density of stomata distribution was remarkably reduced. The survival rate of tetraploid cuttings(i.e. 38%)was greatly reduced compared to that of diploid plants. The fertility of tetraploid plants was also decreased, as shown by cross-pollination *** hybridizations between colchicine-induced tetraploid plants of a male sterile T. erecta line and the naturally tetraploid fully fertile tagetes patula species resulted in hybrid progeny. Most of these hybrids displayed the dwarfed growth stature and compact, larger-flower morphology which is the typical ideotype of herbaceous flowers. Thus, polyploidization may be employed effectively as a means to facilitate in

关键词： tagetes erecta tagetes patula chromosome doubling colchicine tetraploid interspecific hybridization

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