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Empirical Investigation of Major Variables for Purification of Industrial Waste Water

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2023年第3期12卷 81-93页

作者： Peyman Haghighi Farshad Farahbod Department of Chemical Engineering Marvdasht Branch Islamic Azad University Marvdasht Iran Department of Chemical Engineering Firoozabad Branch Islamic Azad University Firoozabad Iran

The total petroleum hydrocarbon (tph), polycyclic aromatics (PCA), nonvolatile suspended solids and volatile suspended solids besides other important parameters, total hardness, calcium hardness, CO2 content, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, sedimentation time, chemical oxygen demands, biochemical oxygen demands, pH value after sedimentation and pH after coagulation in aerobic treatment are surveyed due to the changes in fast mixing rate. The experimental results show the tph removal percentage and PCA removal percentage increases from 53.5% to 62.8% and 43.8% to 46.3% with increasing of nano dosage from 1 gr to 2.5 gr, respectively.

关键词： Wastewater tph PCA Temperature Fast Mixing Oxygen pH Hardness

Application of Vegetation Indices for Detection and Monitoring Oil Spills in Ahoada West Local Government Area of Rivers State,Nigeria

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Journal of Geographical Research 2023年第3期6卷 29-41页

作者： Jonathan Lisa Erebi Egirani E.Davidson Department of Geology Niger Delta UniversityWilberforce IslandBayelsa State560103Nigeria

The study evaluated the environmental effects of an oil spill in Joinkrama 4 and Akimima Ahoada West LGA,Rivers State,Nigeria,using various vegetation indices.Location data for the spill were obtained from the Nigeria Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency,and Landsat imagery was acquired from the United States Geological Survey.Three soil samples were collected from the affected area,and their analysis included measuring total petroleum hydrocarbons(tph),total hydrocarbons(THC),and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH).The obtained data were processed with ArcGIS software,utilizing different vegetation indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),Atmospheric Resistant Vegetation Index(ARVI),Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index(SAVI),Green Short Wave Infrared(GSWIR),and Green Near Infrared(GNIR).Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel.The results consistently indicated a negative impact on the environment resulting from the oil spill.A comparison of spectral reflectance values between the oil spill site and the non-oil spill site showed lower values at the oil spill site across all vegetation indices(NDVI 0.0665-0.2622,ARVI-0.0495-0.1268,SAVI 0.0333-0.1311,GSWIR-0.183-0.0517,GNIR-0.0104--0.1980),indicating damage to vegetation.Additionally,the study examined the correlation between vegetation indices and environmental parameters associated with the oil spill,revealing significant relationships with tph,THC,and PAH.A t-test with a significance level of p<0.05 indicated significantly higher vegetation index values at the non-oil spill site compared to the oil spill site,suggesting a potential disparity in vegetation health between the two areas.Hence,this study emphasizes the harmful effect of oil spills on vegetation and highlights the importance of utilizing vegetation indices and spectral reflectance analysis to detect and monitor the impact of oil spills on vegetation.

关键词： Vegetation indices tph PAH THC Oil spill Impact Rivers State Nigeria

Two-Way ANOVA for Comparison of Remedial Nutrient Solution and Enhanced Natural Attenuation Using SPSS for Treating Petroleum Contaminated Soils

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2023年第3期13卷 241-249页

作者： Jaja Zina Ojong Elias Ojong Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Technology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

Statistical comparison of two remediation methods: Remedial nutrient solution and enhanced natural attenuation were analyzed in terms of tph of different soil samples collected from Khana Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria at different locations and placed inside sample bottles labelled A to D and replicated into two, one for each of the above treatment technique. The tph of the soil was determined using GC analyzer after solvent extraction was carried out using hexane/dichloromethane mixture. Three batches of treatment were performed on the samples at every interval of eight weeks for a duration of six months. The result obtained was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA factorial experimental design to test the significance of the various sources of variation. From the result obtained, source of variation for sample and interactions were non-significantly different from each other which means that irrespective of the number of samples analyzed or the combination of both samples and batches of treatment, they will still not be significantly different from each other. The source of variation for batch and replications were significantly different from each other and this means that irrespective of the batches of treatment applied or the number of replications (methods of treatment used), they will always be significantly different from each other. The individual comparison of each sample showed that the efficiency of the Remedial Nutrient Solution method was better than Enhanced Natural Attenuation method.

关键词： SPSS ANOVA Attenuation Nutrient Remediation tph Soil Contaminant

不同生态利用模式下油气田外排水典型污染物在荒漠土壤中的迁移转化研究

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不同生态利用模式下油气田外排水典型污染物在荒漠土壤中的迁移转...

作者：黄榜江汉大学

学位级别：硕士

随着西北地区石油和天然气的快速开发,油气田外排水产量也呈逐年增加的趋势。西北地区干旱缺水,油气田外排水生态利用是解决西北地区水资源短缺和外排水处置矛盾最有效的策略之一。本文以西部油气田外排水两类典型污染物水中耗氧有机物(... 详细信息

随着西北地区石油和天然气的快速开发,油气田外排水产量也呈逐年增加的趋势。西北地区干旱缺水,油气田外排水生态利用是解决西北地区水资源短缺和外排水处置矛盾最有效的策略之一。本文以西部油气田外排水两类典型污染物水中耗氧有机物(以COD计)和石油烃(tph)为研究对象,通过构建荒漠土壤原位土柱实验,开展了油气田外排水不同生态利用模式下(湿地模式和灌溉模式)水中耗氧有机物(以COD计)和tph在荒漠土壤中迁移、转化规律的研究。(1)开展了两种生态利用模式下不同耗氧有机物(以COD计)含量的稠油水和压裂液外排水对荒漠土壤总有机碳(TOC)的影响研究。结果表明,荒漠土壤对稠油水耗氧有机物(以COD计)和压裂液耗氧有机物(以COD计)的富集能力较弱,耗氧有机物(以COD计)淋滤后会导致土壤表层TOC的减少,土壤深层TOC的累积,但外排水耗氧有机物(以COD计)值增高会减缓土壤表层TOC的流失。渗出液中稠油水耗氧有机物(以COD计)和压裂液耗氧有机物(以COD计)与原水相比最高去除率分别达到了94%和98%。说明耗氧有机物(以COD计)虽然容易在土壤中向地下水迁移,但也更容易在土壤中降解,且两种生态利用模式下对土壤TOC的影响并无明显差异。(2)开展了两种生态利用方式下外排水中tph在荒漠土壤中的富集和迁移规律研究。结果表明两种利用模式都会导致tph在土壤表层的累积,但低tph排放浓度的灌溉模式有利于减少土层中tph的累积。无论哪种利用模式,85%的tph残留在0-10cm土层,90%以上的tph残留在20cm土层,20cm土层下的tph含量与空白土样中tph含量相近。由于tph是碳氢化合物,表层土tph的累积导致了土壤TOC的增加。虽然tph不易在土壤中迁移,但湿地模式下由于水流量大,增加了tph向地下水迁移的风险。(3)开展了外排水中典型污染物在荒漠条件下降解机理的初步探索,分别探究了光照和土壤土著微生物对外排水tph和耗氧有机物(以COD计)的降解行为和机制的研究。结果表明土壤土著微生物对耗氧有机物(以COD计)的消减起到了重要的作用,可以有效减少外排水中有机物污染物向土壤深层迁移。土壤微生物对不同浓度的tph的降解效率最高可达到15%,两种利用模式下均会导致C以下的tph组分相对含量明显降低,但C以上组分相对含量则有所提升,原因在于短链的tph在土柱中发生了微生物降解,长链tph不易降解并形成累积。太阳光中只有紫外光对石油有降解作用,降解效率可达到17%,光照和土壤微生物对土壤中tph的消减和组分都产生了重要影响。本论文研究了不同生态利用模式下油气田外排水典型污染物在荒漠土壤中的迁移转化规律,可为油气田外排水生态利用可行性提供基础数据支撑和理论依据。

关键词：油气田外排水生态利用耗氧有机物(以COD计) tph 光照土著土壤微生物

兰州市加油站土壤tph污染特征、来源及风险评估

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兰州市加油站土壤TPH污染特征、来源及风险评估

作者：王玉新西北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究以兰州市加油站土壤中总石油烃(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon,简称tph)为研究对象,通过对兰州市48座加油站土壤不同深度(表层0～0.5m,中层0.5～1m,深层1～2m)中tph分析,采用普通克里金插值法分析不同深度tph的空间分布规律,并对... 详细信息

本研究以兰州市加油站土壤中总石油烃(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon,简称tph)为研究对象,通过对兰州市48座加油站土壤不同深度(表层0～0.5m,中层0.5～1m,深层1～2m)中tph分析,采用普通克里金插值法分析不同深度tph的空间分布规律,并对比污染水平;运用因子探测器模型分析土壤组分对于tph垂直迁移的影响;采用绝对主成分分析-线性回归法(APCS-MLR模型)分析土壤中tph的主要污染来源以及各个来源的贡献率,进一步运用RAG-C人体健康风险评估模型,评估tph对人体健康的危害商。结果表明:(1)兰州市加油站土壤tph整体污染水平较轻。兰州市加油站土壤表层范围内tph含量为0～3842mg/kg,平均值194.08mg/kg;中层范围内tph含量为0～2169mg/kg,平均值111.86mg/kg;深层范围内tph含量为0～139mg/kg,平均值14.72mg/kg。其中39~#加油站采样点土壤中tph含量较其他点位明显偏高,但仍然低于我国《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准》(GB 36600-2018)中规定的tph筛选值和管制值。(2)不同层加油站土壤中tph空间分布存在差异。采用普通克里金插值法分析了研究区域土壤tph含量的空间分布特征,结果表明,兰州市加油站表层tph含量总体表现出以39~#采样点中心的特征,中央偏高,周围偏低的整体趋势,中层tph的空间分布与表层有一定的相似性,深层土壤中tph在兰州市北部及南部存在少数点位tph浓度较高的现象;土壤中tph的垂直分布特征表现为:表层>中层>深层;运用因子探测器模型分析土壤组分对tph的阻滞作用,不同土壤组分的阻滞性排序为:粉砂>黏土>细砂>粗砂。(3)土壤中tph主要来源为:人为和沉降源、迁移源、渗漏源。利用主成分法(PCA)分析土壤中tph的主要来源,在此基础上运用APCS-MLR模型分析各来源贡献率。结果显示,表层土壤中tph来源主要为人为导致的油品撒、冒、滴、漏,汽车尾气排放以及大气中的油蒸汽和采暖期挥发性石油烃的干湿沉降,贡献率46%;中层土壤中tph的来源主要为表层土壤tph的垂直迁移和输油管线连接处的滴漏,贡献率21%;深层土壤中tph的来源主要为油罐和输油管线渗漏以及上层土壤tph的垂直迁移,贡献率33%。(4)全部48个加油站采样点,45个加油站场地不存在tph非致癌风险,对人体健康不造成危害,其中有3座加油站土壤中的tph的危害商超过了非致癌风险的可接受水平,会对人体健康造成危害。6种摄入土壤中tph污染物的途径中,吸入室内空气中来自下层土壤的气态污染物途径(PHQ)贡献率最高。已有研究中对兰州市加油站土壤的研究较少,对兰州土壤研究主要集中在农田区域,多以重金属为研究对象,对加油站城市典型储油场所的污染研究较少。基于此,本研究对兰州市各区县48座经营模式相同的加油站进行污染调查研究,分析加油站土壤中tph的污染特征,空间分布并解析来源,同时进行人体健康评估,探讨土壤中tph对人体健康的影响,以期结果为兰州市加油站土壤环境污染的探究提供一定的理论基础,对于兰州市加油站土壤环境质量监测和管控提供一定数据支撑。

关键词：污染特征与来源 tph 风险评估加油站土壤兰州市

The role of humic acid in Fenton reaction for the removal of aliphatic fraction of total petroleum hydrocarbons(diesel range)in soil

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2021年第3期7卷 29-34页

作者： Seyedeh Pegah Jalilian Ahmadkalaei Suyin Gan Hoon Kiat Ng Suhaimi Abdul Talib Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Faculty of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA40450Shah AlamSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia

This study investigated the role of humic acid in Fenton reaction for the total petroleum hydrocarbons(tph)(diesel)in soil.Batch reactions were conducted at varying humic acid dosages and pH.For the lowest molecular weight diesel contaminants,a humic acid dosage of 10 mg/l produced the favourable effect of reducing Fe3t to Fe2t which continued for higher humic acid dosages of 50,100 and 150 mg/l.Conversely,for higher molecular weight diesel contaminants,the negative effect of hydroxyl radicals consumption by the humic acid was more significant than its reduction of Fe^(3+) to Fe^(2+).The positive role of humic acid on Fenton reaction increased with increasing humic acid dosage for the overall tph,with an optimum dosage of 150 mg/l.At higher pH,the removal efficiencies increased or reduced depending on the molecular weight of tph.The power law and pseudo-first-order kinetic models fitted the experimental kinetic data well.

关键词： Diesel Fenton Humic acid Soil remediation tph

双相情感障碍抑郁发作患者血清Hcy、GABA、tph水平与临床特征的相关性

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江西医药 2022年第10期57卷 1425-1427页

作者：吴涛江西省新余北湖医院原新余第二医院新余338000

目的探讨血清中的Hcy、GABA、tph水平与双相情感障碍抑郁发作患者临床特征的相关性。方法观察组是由60例我院在2019年1月至2021年1月期间收治的初次发病的双相情感障碍抑郁发作患者组成,对照组是由同时间在我院体检的同数量的健康者组... 详细信息

目的探讨血清中的Hcy、GABA、tph水平与双相情感障碍抑郁发作患者临床特征的相关性。方法观察组是由60例我院在2019年1月至2021年1月期间收治的初次发病的双相情感障碍抑郁发作患者组成,对照组是由同时间在我院体检的同数量的健康者组成的。监测患者的Hcy、GABA、tph的水平并将数据进行Pearson分析。得到双相情感障碍患者血清Hcy、GABA、tph水平与临床特征的相关性结果。结果两组一般资料比较差异无统计学意义;与对照组相比,观察组血清Hcy高(t=12.370,Ptph低(t=9.745,8.889,Ptph表达水平呈负相关(R=-0.980,-0.972,Ptph水平则与临床特征呈负相关。

关键词：双相情感障碍 Hcy GABA tph

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tph基因调控哺乳动物季节性发情的研究进展

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中国草食动物科学 2023年第1期43卷 54-58页

作者：王唯李华振任子珍储明星中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室北京100193

色氨酸羟化酶(Tryptophan hydroxylase,tph)是所有脊椎动物松果体和下丘脑中生物合成褪黑激素的第一个蛋白酶,对动物的季节性发情起着重要作用。季节性发情一直是研究人员提高哺乳动物繁殖效率的关注热点,研究发现,褪黑激素是动物感应... 详细信息

色氨酸羟化酶(Tryptophan hydroxylase,tph)是所有脊椎动物松果体和下丘脑中生物合成褪黑激素的第一个蛋白酶,对动物的季节性发情起着重要作用。季节性发情一直是研究人员提高哺乳动物繁殖效率的关注热点,研究发现,褪黑激素是动物感应生物节律的重要因子,而tph基因则参与调控机体内褪黑激素的分泌,进而影响其季节性发情。为此,文章综述了tph基因对哺乳动物季节性发情影响的研究进展,以期为后续研究提供借鉴。

关键词：哺乳动物 tph HPG 季节性发情

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2-phenyl-3,4-thiadiazole [3,2-α]-pyrimidine-7-one inhibits cell proliferation by changing the cell cycle and inducing endogenous and exogenous apoptosis in HeLa cells

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2019年第10期 890-891页

作者： YANY Yan WANG Min-jie BAI Tu-ya LYU Xiao-li FAN Lei CHANG Fu-hou Colege of Pharmacy Inner Mongolia Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences The Center for Drug Screening Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research Inner Mongolia Medical University

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of a new chemical synthetic drug tph on the proliferation and apoptosis of Hela cel s. METHODS MTT assay was performed to detect the effect of tph on the proliferation of He La cel s at different times. The impact of each dose on the cycle of Hela cells was analyzed by flow cytometry; Annexin-Ⅴ FITC/PI staining was used to detect the effect of tph on the apoptosis of He La cells;JC-1 staining was made to observe the effect of tph on the mitochondrial membrane potential of Hela cell. The levels of apoptosis-related protein caspase-3, caspase-8,caspase-9 were evaluated in tph-treated cel s by Western blotting. RESULTS tph could inhibit the proliferation of Hela cells within a certain concentration range, and the effect is proportional to time and concentration. Comparing with the blank control group, the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase gradually increased and the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase decreased in all of the groups with tph. Besides, apoptotic He La cells increased in a dose-dependent manner after treated with different concentrations of tph, mitochondrial membrane potential reduced in different degrees, the protein expression of caspase-3,caspase-8 and caspase-9 were increased in a dose-dependent manner under tph treatment. CONCLUSION tph could inhibit the proliferation of He La cel s in a dose-dependent manner; it blocks He La cells in the G0/G1 phase and inhibits the conversion of Hela cells in the G0/G1 phase to S and G2/M phase. Besides, it could induces apoptosis of He La cells by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and promoting the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9.

关键词： tph Hela cell proliferation cycle apoptosis