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DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第11期132卷 1344-1353页

作者： Zhan-Ying Ye Han-Ying Xing Bei Wang Min Liu Pei-Yuan Lv Department of Neurology Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang Hebei 050017 China Department of Neurosurgery Hebei General Hospital Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051 China Clinical Medical Research Center Hebei General Hospital Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051 China Department of Neurology Hebei General Hospital Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051 China

Background:The increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) induced by ischemia/hypoxia is generally correlated with alteration of tight junctions (TJs). DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects after ischemic injury. However, few studies have assessed the correlation between NBP and TJs. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of NBP on the TJ proteins claudin-5, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and occludin during brain ischemia. Methods: A chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) Sprague-Dawley rat model was established, and NBP (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg, gavage, once a day) treatment was performed for 14 days. NBP (0.1 or 1.0μmol/L) pre-treatment was applied to an in vitro hypoxia microvascular endothelial cell model (1%〇2, 24 h). BBB permeability was assessed by performing the Evans blue assay. The expressions and localization of claudin-5, ZO-1, occludin, phosphorylated/total protein kinase B (p-Akt/Akt), phosphorylated/total glycogen synthase kinase 3p (GSK-3(3)/GSK-3p, and (3-catenin/p-actin were evaluated by Western blotting or immunofluorescence. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by flow cytometry analysis. TJ ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results: In CCH rats, treatment with 40 and 80 mg/kg NBP decreased the Evans blue content in brain tissue (9.0 ± 0.9 (μg/g vs. 12.3 ± 1.9 (μg/g, P = 0.005;6.7 ± 0.6 μg/g vs. 12.3 ± 1.9μg/g, P 0.05). In the hypoxia cell model, NBP pre-treatment improved TJ ultrastructure, decreased intracellular ROS level, and increased the expression of claudin-5 (P < 0.01) and ZO-1 (P < 0.01) in comparison with the correspond

关键词： DL-3-n-butylphthalide Blood-brain barrier tight junctions Ischemia Claudin-5

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Binary pore structure characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第6期46卷 1297-1306页

作者： ZHU Haihua ZHANG Tingshan ZHONG Dakang LI Yaoyu ZHANG Jingxuan CHEN Xiaohui Stake Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu 610500China School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Earth Science China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China RMIT University MelbourneVIC 3000Australia

The pore structure and its influence on physical properties and oil saturation of the Triassic Chang 7 sandstones,Ordos Basin were discussed using thin sections,physical properties,oil saturation and mercury intrusion data.The results show that the tight sandstone has a binary pore structure:when the pore throat radius is larger than the peak radius,the pore radius is significantly larger than throat size,the pore structure is similar to the bead-string model with no fractal feature,and the pore throat volume is determined by the pore volume.When the pore throat radius is smaller than the peak radius,the pore structure is close to the capillary model and shows fractal features,the pore size is close to the throat size,and the pore throat volume is determined by the throat radius.The development of pore throats larger than the peak radius provides most of the oil storage space and is the major controlling factor for the porosity and permeability variation of tight sandstone.The pore throat smaller than the peak radius(including throats with no mercury invaded)contributes major reservoir space,it shows limited variation and has little effect on the change of physical properties which is lack of correlation with oil saturation.The pore throat larger than the peak radius is mainly composed of secondary and intergranular pores.Therefore genesis and main controlling factors of large pores such as intergranular and dissolved pores should be emphasized when predicting the tight sandstones quality.

关键词： tight sandstone pore structure reservoir fractal Triassic Yanchang Formation Ordos Basin

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Spatial-temporal coupling between high-quality source rocks and reservoirs for tight sandstone oil and gas accumulations in the Songliao Basin, China

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第3期29卷 387-397页

作者： Laixing Cai Guolin Xiao Shuangfang Lu Jiao Wang Zhiqiang Wu Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Qingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Research Institute of Unconventional Petroleum and Renewable Energy China University of Petroleum (East China)Qingdao 266580China

The spatial-temporal relationship between high-quality source rocks and reservoirs is a key factor when evaluating the formation,occurrence,and prospectivity of tight oil and gas reservoirs.In this study,we analyze the fundamental oil and gas accumulation processes occurring in the Songliao Basin,contrasting tight oil sand reservoirs in the south with tight gas sand reservoirs in the north.This is done using geochemical data,constant-rate and conventional mercury injection experiments,and fluid inclusion analyses.Our results demonstrate that as far as fluid mobility is concerned,the expulsion center coincides with the overpressure zone,and its boundary limits the occurrence of tight oil and gas accumulations.In addition,the lower permeability limit of high-quality reservoirs,controlled by pore-throat structures,is 0.1×10^-3μm^2 in the fourth member of the Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation(K1q^4)in the southern Songliao Basin,and 0.05×10^-3μm^2 in the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation(K1sh)in the northern Songliao Basin.Furthermore,the results indicate that the formation of tight oil and gas reservoirs requires the densification of reservoirs prior to the main phase of hydrocarbon expulsion from the source rocks.Reservoir“sweet spots”develop at the intersection of high-quality source rocks(with high pore pressure)and reservoirs(with high permeability).

关键词： Spatial-temporal coupling High-quality source rock High-quality sandstone tight sandstone reservoir Songliao Basin

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Development characteristics and orientation of tight oil and gas in China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第6期46卷 1073-1087页

作者： SUN Longde ZOU Caineng JIA Ailin WEI Yunsheng ZHU Rukai WU Songtao GUO Zhi Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for the Study of tight Oil and Shale Oil Accumulation Daqing 163712China PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd. Daqing 163002China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

Through reviewing the development history of tight oil and gas in China,summarizing theoretical understandings in exploration and development,and comparing the geological conditions and development technologies objectively in China and the United States,we clarified the progress and stage of tight oil and gas exploration and development in China,and envisaged the future development orientation of theory and technology,process methods and development policy.In nearly a decade,relying on the exploration and development practice,science and technology research and management innovation,huge breakthroughs have been made.The laws of formation,distribution and accumulation of tight oil and gas have been researched,the development theories such as"multi-stage pressure drop"and"man-made reservoirs"have been established,and several technology series have been innovated and integrated.These technology series include enrichment regions selection,well pattern deployment,single well production and recovery factor enhancement,and low cost development.As a result,both of reserves and production of tight oil and gas increase rapidly.However,limited by the sedimentary environment and tectonic background,compared with North America,China’s tight oil and gas reservoirs are worse in continuity,more difficult to develop and poorer in economic efficiency.Moreover,there are still some gaps in reservoir identification accuracy and stimulating technology between China and North America.In the future,Chinese oil and gas companies should further improve the resource evaluation method,tackle key technologies such as high-precision 3D seismic interpretation,man-made reservoir,and intelligent engineering,innovate theories and technologies to enhance single well production and recovery rate,and actively endeavor to get the finance and tax subsidy on tight oil and gas.

关键词： tight oil and gas development history theoretical and technological advancement man-made oil and gas reservoir enhancing recovery factor development orientation

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Integrated hydraulic fracturing techniques to enhance oil recovery from tight rocks

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第5期46卷 1065-1072页

作者： ZHOU Fujian SU Hang LIANG Xingyuan MENG Leifeng YUAN Lishan LI Xiuhui LIANG Tianbo State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company Karamay 834000China

Two main challenges exist in enhancing oil recovery rate from tight oil reservoirs,namely how to create an effective complicated fracture network and how to enhance the imbibition effect of fracturing fluid.In response to the challenges,through modeling experiment in laboratory and evaluation of field application results,a set of integrated efficient fracturing and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)techniques suitable for tight oil development in China has been proposed.(1)Fracturing with temporary plugging agents to realize stimulation in multiple clusters,to form dense fracture network,and thus maximizing the drainage area;(2)Supporting induced fractures with micro-sized proppants during the prepad fluid fracture-making stage,to generate dense fracture network with high conductivity;(3)Using the liquid nanofluid as a fracturing fluid additive to increase oil-water displacement ratio and take advantage of the massive injected fracturing fluid and maximize the oil production after hydraulic fracturing.

关键词： tight oil hydraulic fracturing imbibition recovery temporary plugging agent micro-sized proppant nanofluid surfactant enhanced oil recovery

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tight Carbonate Microstructure and its Controls: A Case Study of Lower Jurassic Da'anzhai Member, Central Sichuan Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第2期94卷 305-321页

作者： LI Bo WANG Xingzhi LIU Hongqi WANG Yongjun TIAN Jie HUO Fei GAO Zhaolong State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu 610500China School of Geoscience and Technology Southw est Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China The Institute of Exploration and Development of Southwest Oil and Gas Field Branch.PetroChina.Chengdu 610059 China

Cast thin section observation, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) were used to examine the microstructure of tight carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Jurassic Da’anzhai Member, the central Sichuan Basin. The pore space in the Da’anzhai Member is classified into 2 types and 17 subtypes, with nano-scale pore throats of ‘O’, ‘S’, ‘Z’, and ‘I’ shapes. Poorly sorted pore throats vary greatly in diameter;thus, it is difficult for fluid flow to pass through these pore throats. There are three classes of pore throats in carbonate reservoirs, i.e. isolated pores, pores coexisting with fractures, and large pores and fractures. Isolated pores may provide some pore space, but the permeability is low. Pores and fractures coexisting in the reservoir may have a great impact on porosity and permeability;they are the major pore space in the reservoir. Large pores and fractures have a great impact on reservoir properties, but they only account for a limited proportion of total pore space. The microstructure of Da’anzhai reservoirs, which dominates fluid mobility, is dependent on sedimentary environment, diagenesis, and tectonic process. Pore structure is related to sedimentary environment. The occurrence of microfractures, which may improve reservoir properties, is dependent on tectonic process. Diageneses are of utmost importance to pore evolution, cementation and growth of minerals have played an important role in destroying reservoir microstructure.

关键词： tight carbonate rocks microscopic pore structure diagenesis Da'anzhai Member Lower Jurassic Sichuan Basin

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Foundry manufacturing of tight-confinement,dispersion-engineered,ultralow-loss silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits

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Photonics Research 2023年第4期11卷 558-568页

作者： ZHICHAO YE HAIYAN JIA ZHANGJUN HUANG CHEN SHEN JINBAO LONG BAOQI SHI YI-HAN LUO LAN GAO WEI SUN HAIRUN GUO JIJUN HE JUNQIU LIU Qaleido Photonics Hangzhou 310000China International Quantum Academy Shenzhen 518048China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Optics and Optical Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

The foundry development of integrated photonics has revolutionized today’s optical interconnect and datacenters.Over the last decade,we have witnessed the rising of silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4)) integrated photonics,which is currently transferring from laboratory research to foundry manufacturing.The development and transition are triggered by the ultimate need for low optical loss offered by Si_(3)N_(4),which is beyond the reach of silicon and III-V semiconductors.Combined with modest Kerr nonlinearity,tight optical confinement,and dispersion engineering,Si_(3)N_(4) has today become the leading platform for linear and Kerr nonlinear photonics,and it has enabled chip-scale lasers featuring ultralow noise on par with table-top fiber lasers.However,so far all the reported fabrication processes of tight-confinement,dispersion-engineered Si_(3)N_(4) photonic integrated circuits(PICs)with optical loss down to few dB/m have only been developed on 4-inch(100 mm diameter)or smaller wafers.Yet,to transfer these processes to established CMOS foundries that typically operate 6-inch or even larger wafers,challenges remain.In this work,we demonstrate the first foundry-standard fabrication process of Si_(3)N_(4) PICs with only 2.6 dB/m loss,thickness above 800 nm,and near 100%fabrication yield on 6-inch(150 mm diameter)wafers.Such thick and ultralow-loss Si_(3)N_(4) PIC enables low-threshold generation of soliton frequency combs.Merging with advanced heterogeneous integration,active ultralow-loss Si_(3)N_(4) integrated photonics could pave an avenue to addressing future demands in our increasingly information-driven society.

关键词： dispersion soliton tight

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Effect of tight junction protein of intestinal epithelium and permeability of colonic mucosa in pathogenesis of injured colonic barrier during chronic recovery stage of rats with inflammatory bowel disease

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第2期9卷 143-147页

作者： Chun-Mei Xu Xiu-Mei Li Bing-Zhao Qin Bo Liu Section B Department of Gastroenterology Xiangyang Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine

Objective: To discuss the changes in the tight junction protein of intestinal epithelium and permeability of colonic mucosa and its possible mechanism by building the rat mode of inflammatory bowel disease at the chronic recovery stage. Methods: A total of 36 SD rats were divided into the model group and control one according to the random number table, with 18 rats in each group. Rats in the model group were given the 3% dextran sulfate sodium solution by the way of drinking for 7 d to build the rat model of inflammatory bowel disease, while rats in the control group were given free drinking of water. Six rats were executed at day 7, 14 and 21 respectively. The colonic tissues were collected from rats to observe the pathological changes of colonic mucosa. The activity of myeloperoxidase was detected and the white blood count was performed for rats in each group. The Ussing chamber technique was employed to detect the transepithelial electrical resistance(TER) and short-circuit current(SC) of colonic mucosa of rats in different time intervals; the quantum dots labeling technique was employed to detect the expression level of claudin-1 and claudin-2 in the colonic tissues. Results: After the successful modeling, the weight of rats in the model group was significantly reduced, while the disease activity index score was increased. The weight was at the lowest level at day 14 and then it began to increase afterwards. The disease activity index score was at the highest level at day 12 and then it began to decrease gradually. The activity of myeloperoxidase and WBC for rats in the model group all reached the peak value at day 14 and then decreased gradually. There was no significant difference in the changes of TER and SC in different time intervals for rats in the control group(P>0.05). TER of model group was at the lowest level at day 14 and then increased gradually; SC was at the highest level at day 14 and then decreased gradually. TER of model group at day 7, 14 and 21 was significantly lower than that of control

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease tight junction protein Colonic mucosa Permeability Colonic barrier

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Disease monitoring strategies in inflammatory bowel diseases: What do we mean by “tight control”?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第41期25卷 6172-6189页

作者： Lorant Gonczi Talat Bessissow Peter Laszlo Lakatos First Department of Medicine Semmelweis UniversityBudapest H-1083Hungary Division of Gastroenterology McGill University Health CentreMontreal H3G 1A4QuebecCanada

In recent years,there has been a critical change in treatment paradigms in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)triggered by the arrival of new effective treatments aiming to prevent disease progression,bowel damage and disability.The insufficiency of symptomatic disease control and the well-known discordance between symptoms and objective measures of disease activity lead to the need of reviewing conventional treatment algorithms and developing new concepts of optimal therapeutic strategy.The treat-to-target strategies,defined by the selecting therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease consensus recommendation,move away from only symptomatic disease control and support targeting composite therapeutic endpoints(clinical and endoscopical remission)and timely assessment.Emerging data suggest that early therapy using a treat-to-target approach and an algorithmic therapy escalation using regular disease monitoring by clinical and biochemical markers(fecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein)leads to improved outcomes.This review aims to present the emerging strategies and supporting evidence in the current therapeutic paradigm of IBD including the concepts of“early intervention”,“treat-to-target”and“tight control”strategies.We also discuss the real-word experience and applicability of these new strategies and give an overview on the future perspectives and areas in need of further research and potential improvement regarding treatment targets and(“tight”)disease monitoring strategies.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Treat-to-target tight control Monitorting Biomarker

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Extraction of tight binding parameters from in-situ ARPES on the continuously doped surface of cuprates

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2018年第12期61卷 25-29页

作者： YiGui Zhong YiMeng Chen JianYu Guan Jin Zhao ZhiCheng Rao CenYao Tang HaiJiang Liu YuJie Sun Hong Ding Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100190China

Recently we developed a technique of ozone/vacuum annealing to continuously change the doping level of the surface of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_(8+x)and measured a nearly whole superconducting dome on one surface by in-situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy [arXiv: 1805.06450]. Here we study the evolution of the electronic structures of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_(8+)xusing this technique together with tight binding fits. The tight binding parameters are extracted to study their evolution with doping.

关键词： cuprates electronic structures doping evolution tight binding ARPES

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