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systems thinking in combating infectious diseases

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1282-1288页

作者： Shang Xia Xiao-Nong Zhou Jiming Liu National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology National Health and Family Planning CommissionShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases Shanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong CDC-NIPD&HKBU-CSD Joint Research Laboratory for Intelligent Disease Surveillance and Control Shanghai 200025People’s Republic of China

The transmission of infectious diseases is a dynamic process determined by multiple factors originating from disease pathogens and/or parasites,vector species,and human *** factors interact with each other and demonstrate the intrinsic mechanisms of the disease transmission temporally,spatially,and *** this article,we provide a comprehensive perspective,named as systems thinking,for investigating disease dynamics and associated impact factors,by means of emphasizing the entirety of a system’s components and the complexity of their interrelated *** further develop the general steps for performing systems approach to tackling infectious diseases in the real-world settings,so as to expand our abilities to understand,predict,and mitigate infectious diseases.

关键词： systems thinking Complex systems approach Infectious disease control

Policy Resistance Case Study Focused on Government’s Intervention in the Conflict Between Big-Box Stores and Traditional Market in Korea Based on systems thinking Approach

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Journal of systems Science and Information 2018年第2期9卷 152-164页

作者： Ryeong Ji PARK Chang Kwon CHUNG Business School Ewha Womans University Seoul School of Integrated Sciences & Technologies

Rapid expansion of big-box store in developing country caused typical archetypal change in market structure: Success to the Successful, because big-box stores armed with modernized infrastructure and management capability are absorbing the once customers of the traditional market like a black hole. Facing rapid change in market structure and surmounting pleas from traditional market merchants, government took an inevitable intervention with law regulating the big-box store’s business and improving traditional market’s competence building. Not so long, however, did government confront policy resistance from both sides: Still ongoing polarization of both side’s sales. This study articulates behavior over time of market structure with causal loop diagrams of which causalities are extracted from literatures. This study provides significant contribution to policy makers and traditional markets’ merchants in other developing countries like India and China, as well as Korea.

关键词： policy resistance big-box store Korea traditional market systems thinking Walmart effect

systems thinking and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: Examples from Kenya’s <i>Afya Jijini</i>Program

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Health 2021年第7期13卷 694-704页

作者： Cougar Hall Benjamin Crookston Josh West Mary Linehan Chris McGahey Dan Wendo Ali Abdi Department of Public Health Brigham Young University Provo USA IMA World Health Washington DC USA IMA World Health Nairobi Kenya

The Afya Jijini program targeted improved access to and quality of health services in Nairobi City County through the strengthening of local health systems. The program took a systems thinking approach recognizing that strong, coordinated commitments and contributions from various levels of multiple sectors such as health, public works, and education would be essential to the program’s success. Consistent with the World Health Organization’s proclamation that the provision of safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are prerequisites for all public health endeavors, WASH-related efforts were woven into nearly all facets of the Afya Jijini program. IRC is a nonprofit located in the Netherlands focused on systems thinking approaches for sustainable WASH improvements. IRC’s 9 building blocks are tools to assist in breaking down the complexities of systems, identifying key actors and factors that contribute to sustainable improvements, and setting clear program indicators and targets for success. This conceptual manuscript seeks to explore the Afya Jijini program through the lens of the IRC’s building block approach to systems thinking. Examples of Afya Jijini programming aligned with each building block are presented to assist program planners and guide future interventions. Afya Jijini could have benefited from increased attention to several key building blocks, including institutions, finance, and learning and adaptation.

关键词： WASH systems thinking Kenya Building Blocks of Sustainability

Introducing Sustainability Concepts Into University Curricula Through systems thinking

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Sociology Study 2016年第9期6卷 583-590页

作者： M. Kudret Yurtseven Walter W. Buchanan Michael S. Pilant Izmir University lzmir Turkey Texas A&M University Texas USA

The aim of this paper is to explore the major issues involved in introducing sustainability concepts into university curricula in an interdisciplinary manner, through systems thinking. It is generally accepted that a holistic approach is essential in sustainability studies, but teaching such a new and complex topic to a diverse student population is by no means easy. In this study, sustainability is viewed in the context of systems thinking, particularly in Complexity Management domain. A general framework is proposed with the intension of guiding potential instructors who are planning to teach sustainability through systems thinking. The framework includes only the suggested systems-oriented material and a review of some system methodologies; it does not cover sustainability issues. Methodologies known as System Dynamics and Soft Cybernetics are explored and emphasized particularly in the paper due to their importance. The framework is kept general enough so that it appeals to students and instructors with a variety of background.

关键词： Sustainability systems thinking Complexity Management System Dynamics Soft System Cybernetics

Advanced Studies for Resolving Nonlinear Dynamic systems Involving Complexity Based on systems thinking for Non-Physicists

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第8期11卷 985-996页

作者： Deok-Soo Cha Kim Kyoung-Il Eho Technology Co. Seoul S. Korea Soong-Sil University Seoul Korea Electrical Power Division Seoul in S. Korea Chung-Ang University Seoul Korea

There are many examples of nonlinear dynamics, such as food chains or thermodynamic systems within closed-loop systems. In modern physics, these problems have been resolved based on logical thinking by using the chaos theory in statistical physics, which was arranged by classical physicists in the 17th century. However, this is a significantly erroneous problem because, in engineering science, nonlinear dynamics must be resolved and cleared using systems analysis theory based on systems thinking. It is the main concept in a new solution that is studied through interdisciplinary research;it is needed to introduce control theory into physics. In 2015, on the behalf of physicists, the author successfully resolved and achieved a new solution, which is a significant achievement in modern science. Unfortunately, physicists have not welcomed it because it is disadvantageous to them, similar to the Copernican theory. So, they themselves became outsiders. If so, non-physicists need to follow their chaos theory in physics unless they do not clarify their solution;moreover, non-physicists on behalf of physicists can use their own new solution without risk. Hence, all scientists need to learn the systems analytic method in engineering.

关键词： Nonlinear Dynamics Control Theory MATLAB systems thinking

From Transitions to Transformation: A Brief Review of the Potential Impacts of COVID-19 on Boosting Digitization, Digitalization, and systems thinking in the Built Environment

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2021年第1期9卷 26-39页

作者： Ali Cheshmehzangi Department of Architecture and Built Environment The University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China The Centre for Sustainable Energy Technologies (CSET) The University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China

In a short time, during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, we managed to shift rapidly to use digital technologies and replace some of our daily operations with virtual modes. This shift happened so instantly and widely that it enables us to argue that the COVID-19 became a valid reason to boost some of the gradual and ongoing transitions towards faster transformations. In this study, we use gray literature to delve into arguments around the boost for digitization, digitalization, and systems thinking in the development of the built environment. This is mostly discussed from the influence of COVID-19 on some of the existing practices or the business-as-usual of the built environment sector. From technological advancement to technology use, these arguments are put forward to discuss what is likely to be the major driver of technological adoption and the shifting paradigms that are yet to be revealed. The study concludes that the current push towards new directions and development pathways are likely to be widely accepted in a shorter time. The findings of this brief study feed into existing arguments on transformative pathways due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Digitization Digitalization Information-Based systems thinking Development Built Environment COVID-19

Evaluation of the Validity of Chaos Theory Based on systems thinking for Non-Physicists

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第5期12卷 845-854页

作者： Deok-Soo Cha Kyoung-Il Kim Eho Technology Co. Seoul S. Korea Soong-Sil University Seoul Korea Electrical Power Division Seoul in S. Korea Chung-Ang University Seoul Korea

Chaos theory was born in the 18th century, physicists still solve the nonlinear dynamic systematic problems within closed-loop systems such as ecosystems, three-body problems involving complexity, and others. Moreover, it has been resolved these problems based on logical thinking using logical solutions with algebra and statistics such as chaos theory. The reason is determinism. Nevertheless, other scientists do not welcome the old chaos theory because the chaos theory is very imperfect and vague. Amazingly, in 2021, there is emerged, and an advanced and systematic solution based on system thinking;it was resolved by a non-physicist on behalf of physicists through interdisciplinary science and it is more perfect than the old chaos theory. Therefore, it is similar to the New World discovered by Columbus. This paper will prove that the existing chaos theory is invalid as a new solution emerges. Nevertheless, current physicists avoid approaching this study as much as possible. Therefore, other scientists have no reason to follow their invalid chaos theory unless physicists prove the validity of chaos theory.

关键词： Nonlinear Dynamics Control Theory MATLAB systems thinking

New systems Solution for Resolving Nonlinear Dynamics Based on systems thinking

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第10期11卷 1177-1189页

作者： Deok-Soo Cha Kyoung-il Kim Eho Technology Co. Seoul S. Korea Soong-Sil University Seoul Korea Electrical Power Division Seoul in S. Korea Chung-Ang University Seoul Korea

This study describes a new solution for resolving nonlinear dynamics. Surprisingly, it has been resolved and completed by non-physicists on behalf of physicists in 2021. It is a revolutionary solution like the Copernican Theory, which is perfectly different from the existing chaos theory. In the past, nonlinear dynamics has been analyzed using logical solutions, such as chaos theory, based on logical thinking. However, it is not perfect systematic solution, hence;the new solution has been analyzed and resolved by systematic analytical tool in other sciences. Then, the result is more perfect and precise than the old chaos theory. Regrettably, most physicists do not welcome this advancement, because they have primitive solutions such as chaos theory. If the new solution is true, it is very disadvantageous to them like Galileo’s heliocentric theory. Therefore, they do not welcome it and deny and reject it. Hence, they wish it to fail;moreover, they want to remain in safe zone. Unfortunately, they became outsiders because they have no ability to review new solutions. Unfortunately, we have no obligation to follow physicists. If so, non-physicists, bypassing physicists, must study independently nonlinear dynamics based on systems thinking, and have to share the findings other scientists. It means that the new solution would be replaced the chaos theory in traditional physics;moreover, it would be resolved many unsolved nonlinear dynamics in the future.

关键词： Nonlinear Dynamics Control Theory MATLAB systems thinking

Development of a Proof-of-Concept Multi-Method Computer Simulation to Support Rural Healthcare Disaster Preparedness Planning

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 346-358页

作者： Thomas A.Berg Kristina W.Kintziger Julie Suzuki Crumly Scott A.Lawson Carole R.Myers Tracey T.Stansberry College of Nursing University of Tennessee Knoxville Department of Environmental Agricultural and Occupational Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Public Health and Healthcare Oak Ridge Associated Universities

Due to a lack of resources, rural communities often face challenges when planning catastrophic events. This project involved applying systems thinking and model-based systems engineering to develop a proof-of-concept, multi-method computer simulation and then determining whether the simulation could be used to assess the efficacy of disaster planning approaches on health outcomes in rural communities, as a function of primary healthcare. The project focus was a rural or non-urban healthcare system experiencing a natural hazard. Both system dynamics and discrete event models were incorporated to represent subsystem operations, crucial disaster responses, as well as three key response systems: public health, emergency management, and healthcare. The subsystem models included several components: policies/procedures, communications,resources, exercises/drills/training, healthcare space and staff, and the flow of affected people into and through the *** combined simulation can serve as a first step to a more comprehensive approach to helping rural communities achieve more efficient and effective healthcare planning for disaster responses.

关键词： Computer simulation Disaster preparedness Model-based systems engineering Rural healthcare System dynamics model systems thinking