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Extreme precipitation events in East China and associated moisture transport pathways

Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第9期59卷 1854-1872页

作者： ZHAO Yang XU XiangDe ZHAO TianLiang XU HongXiong MAO Fei SUN Han WANG YuHong State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 China Institute of Ecological Environment and Agricultural Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Guangxi Institute of Meteorological Disaster Mitigation Nanning 530022 China

Interannual variation of summer precipitation in East China, and frequency of rainstorms during the monsoon season from 1961 to 2010, are analyzed in this study. It is found that the two variables show opposite trends on a decadal time scale: frequency of rainstorms increases significantly after the 1990 s, while summer precipitation in East China decreases during the same period. Analysis of the spatial distribution of summer rainstorm frequency from 1961 to 2010 indicates that it decreases from the southeast to the northwest at the east edge of the large-scale topography associated with the plateaus. Spatial distribution of rainstorms with daily rainfall greater than 50 mm is characterized by a "high in the southeast and low in the northwest" pattern, similar to the staircase distribution of the topography. However, the spatial distribution of variation in both summer precipitation and frequency of extreme rainstorms under global warming differs significantly from the three-step staircase topography. It is shown that moisture characteristics of summer precipitation and extreme rainstorms during the monsoon season in East China, including moisture transport pathways, moist flow pattern, and spatial structure of the merging area of moist flows, differ significantly. Areas of frequent rainstorms include the Yangtze River Valley and South China. Column-integrated moisture transport and its spatial structure could be summarized as a "merging" of three branches of intense moist flows from low and middle latitude oceans, and "convergence" of column-integrated moisture fluxes. The merging area for moist flow associated with rainstorms in the high frequency region is located slightly to the south of the monsoonal precipitation or non-rainstorm precipitation, with significantly strong moisture convergence. In addition, the summer moist flow pattern in East China has a great influence on the frequency of extreme rainstorms. Moisture flux vectors in the region of frequent rai

关键词： Frequency of rainstorms Moisture transport Synoptic circulation Extreme rainstorms synchronized variations Vortex structure

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