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A Field Study in the Status and Threats of Cultivation in Kimana and Ilchalai swamps in Amboseli Dispersal Area, Kenya

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Natural Resources 2011年第4期2卷 197-211页

作者： Moses Makonjio Okello John M. Kioko 不详

The scarcity of water and dependence of local communities on wetlands for resources and services is a common occurrence in dry rangelands such as Amboseli in Kenya. There are only a few swamps outside Amboseli National Park available to the Maasai, livestock and wildlife. Such swamps may disappear in the near future because of conversion to cultivation. This study established the current size and threats to Kimana and Ilchalai near Amboseli National Park. swamps were regularly used by over 15 large mammal species among them elephants, buffalo, wildebeest, zebra, gazelles and hippopoatums. However, only 15.7% of Kimana Swamp and 36.1% of Ilchalai Swamp remained unconverted to cultivation, with the rest of the remaining swamp area converted to agriculture. Cultivation was mainly done by non–Maasai land leasers, and for mainly commercial purposes. swamps were converted because of adequate and free water, cheap lease fee, and their fertile soils. Although concerned with swamp conversion, most cultivators were ready to expand cultivation in other swamps. These findings demonstrate how unsustainable resource use and swamp conversion can seriously threaten critical resources for local livelihoods and wildlife conservation.

关键词： Amboseli Ecosystem Irrigated Agriculture Kenya Maasai Livelihoods Resource Conservation swamps

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The floristic relationship between the upland and lowland Carboniferous wetlands of Variscan Euramerica——Evidence from some medullosalean pteridosperm fronds

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第2期8卷 130-141页

作者： Christopher J.Cleal Borja Cascales-Mi?ana Department of Natural Sciences National Museum Wales CNRS University of Lille

Alethopteris grandinii represents remains of fronds of a medullosalean pteridosperm(probably a small tree) that rapidly migrated across the lowland wetland habitats of Variscan Euramerica in middle Asturian(late Moscovian)*** was probably caused by changing drainage patterns within the lowland coal swamps,in response to climate and landscape ***,these medullosaleans had first appeared rather earlier,in early Bolsovian(early Moscovian) times,in upland wetland *** upland habitats may have pre-adapted these plants to the changed condition in the lowland coal swamps.

关键词： Carboniferous Coal swamps Medullosales Upland Migration

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Soil Attributes in Anthropized Hygrophilous Forest in Northern Minas Gerais State,Brazil

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2018年第5期8卷 311-319页

作者： Maria das Dores Magalhaes Veloso Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes Marly Antonielle deávila le Roberta Ferreira Nunes Leidivan Almeida Frazao Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros Montes ClarosMinas Gerais State 39401-089Brazil Instituto de Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMontes ClarosMinas Gerais State 39404547Brazil Universidade Federal de Lavras LavrasMinas Gerais State 37200-000Brazil

The soils of Brazilian Cerrado are characterized with high acidity and low fertility and ***,these attributes are not homogeneously distributed through all phytophysiognomies of this biome,and wetland known as palm swamp or“veredas”are an *** study aimed to describe and compare the chemical and physical attributes of soil surface layers at six palm swamps areas under different anthropization processes in the northern region of Minas Gerais state,*** sampling of different hydromorphic soils were collected at 0-20 cm depth layer from 100 m2 plots in the studied *** variables were compared using the GLM procedure of ANOVA using Statistica 10 *** chemical attributes and similarities between the six palm swamps areas were compared using the statistical software *** chemical attributes were different and soil physical attributes were similar between the evaluated *** similarities among the attributes were classified into three groups according to the anthropic pressures,as well as with the origin of the soil material in the six palm swamps areas *** could be concluded that soil fertility can be reduced in palm swamps that suffered greater anthropic *** three similarity groups might be associated not only to the anthropic pressures,but also to the raw material of soil at the six palm swamps areas evaluated.

关键词： Hydromorphic soils palm swamps soil fertility

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