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Development of a Decision Aid for Family surrogate Decision Makers of Critically Ill Patients Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy in ICU:A User-Centered Design for Rapid Prototyping

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 91-101页

作者： Miao Zheng Yong-Hui Zhang Ying Cao Chang-Lin Yin Li-Hua Wang Department of Outpatient First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Department of Critical Care Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Administration Office First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China

Objectives Renal replacement therapy(RRT)is increasingly adopted for critically ill patients diagnosed with acute kidney injury,but the optimal time for initiation remains unclear and prognosis is uncertain,leading to medical complexity,ethical conflicts,and decision dilemmas in intensive care unit(ICU)settings.This study aimed to develop a decision aid(DA)for the family surrogate of critically ill patients to support their engagement in shared decision-making process with clinicians.Methods Development of DA employed a systematic process with user-centered design(UCD)principle,which included:(i)competitive analysis:searched,screened,and assessed the existing DAs to gather insights for design strategies,developmental techniques,and functionalities;(ii)user needs assessment:interviewed family surrogates in our hospital to explore target user group's decision-making experience and identify their unmet needs;(iii)evidence syntheses:integrate latest clinical evidence and pertinent information to inform the content development of DA.Results The competitive analysis included 16 relevant DAs,from which we derived valuable insights using existing resources.User decision needs were explored among a cohort of 15 family surrogates,revealing four thematic issues in decision-making,including stuck into dilemmas,sense of uncertainty,limited capacity,and delayed decision confirmation.A total of 27 articles were included for evidence syntheses.Relevant decision making knowledge on disease and treatment,as delineated in the literature sourced from decision support system or clinical guidelines,were formatted as the foundational knowledge base.Twenty-one items of evidence were extracted and integrated into the content panels of benefits and risks of RRT,possible outcomes,and reasons to choose.The DA was drafted into a web-based phototype using the elements of UCD.This platform could guide users in their preparation of decision-making through a sequential four-step process:identifying treatment options,weighing the benefits and ris

关键词： decision aids renal replacement therapy intensive care units shared decision-making user-centered design surrogate

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Development of a Tribofidelic Human Heel surrogate for Barefoot Slip Testing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 429-439页

作者： Subhodip Chatterjee Arnab Chanda Centre for Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India Department of Biomedical Engineering All India Institute of Medical ScienceNew Delhi 110029India

Barefoot slips contribute to over 37% of recurrent fall-related injuries across all age groups.To study slip risk across a wide range of flooring conditions,slip meters with barefoot surrogates(i.e.,sensors,as per ASTM standard nomenclature)such as animal skins and rubbers have been used to date,which exhibit biomechanical and frictional properties widely different from the barefoot human skin.Development of a surrogate which can accurately simulate the human heel skin properties would be immensely beneficial for realistic assessment of barefoot slipping risk.A novel surrogate was developed using 3D scanning and printing,and biomimetics,which precisely simulates the biomechanical and frictional properties of the barefoot human heel skin.Mechanical slip testing was conducted with this surrogate on three common bathroom floorings and with six different contaminants.Coefficient of Friction(COF)results similar to human slipping experiments,high repeatability and reproducibility across wet and oily flooring conditions,were confirmed through experiments with the developed heel skin surrogate.The heel skin surrogate would be an indispensable model for accurate estimation of barefoot risk against slips and falls in bathrooms,bathtubs,and swimming pools.

关键词： Barefoot surrogate Slip Fall Bathroom Bathtub

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surrogate-Assisted Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm With Pareto Active Learning for Expensive Multi-Objective Optimization

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第3期6卷 838-849页

作者： Zhiming Lv Linqing Wang Zhongyang Han Jun Zhao Wei Wang IEEE the Faculty of Electronics Information and Electrical Engineering Dalian University of Technology

For multi-objective optimization problems, particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm generally needs a large number of fitness evaluations to obtain the Pareto optimal solutions. However, it will become substantially time-consuming when handling computationally expensive fitness functions. In order to save the computational cost, a surrogate-assisted PSO with Pareto active learning is proposed. In real physical space(the objective functions are computationally expensive), PSO is used as an optimizer, and its optimization results are used to construct the surrogate models. In virtual space, objective functions are replaced by the cheaper surrogate models, PSO is viewed as a sampler to produce the candidate solutions. To enhance the quality of candidate solutions, a hybrid mutation sampling method based on the simulated evolution is proposed, which combines the advantage of fast convergence of PSO and implements mutation to increase diversity. Furthermore, ε-Pareto active learning(ε-PAL)method is employed to pre-select candidate solutions to guide PSO in the real physical space. However, little work has considered the method of determining parameter ε. Therefore, a greedy search method is presented to determine the value ofεwhere the number of active sampling is employed as the evaluation criteria of classification cost. Experimental studies involving application on a number of benchmark test problems and parameter determination for multi-input multi-output least squares support vector machines(MLSSVM) are given, in which the results demonstrate promising performance of the proposed algorithm compared with other representative multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) algorithms.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization Pareto active learning particle swarm optimization (PSO) surrogate

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Discriminated sgRNAs-Based surrogate System Greatly Enhances the Screening Efficiency of Plant Base-Edited Cells

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Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 169-180页

作者： Wen Xu Yongxing Yang Ya Liu Guiting Kang Feipeng Wang Lu Li Xinxin Lv Si Zhao Shuang Yuan Jinling Song Ying Wu Feng Feng Xiaoqing He Chengwei Zhang Wei Song Jiuran Zhao Jinxiao Yang Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Beijing Academy of Agriculture&Forestry SciencesBeijing 100080China

The development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base editing has made genomic modification more efficient. However, selection of genetically modified cells from millions of treated cells, especially plant cells, is still challenging. In this study, an efficient surrogate reporter system based on a defective hygromycin resistance gene was established in rice to enrich base-edited cells. After step-by-step optimization, the Discriminated sgRNAs-based surrogate system (DisSUGs) was established by artificially differentiating the editing abilities of a wild-type single guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting the surrogate reporter gene and an enhanced sgRNA targeting endogenous sites. The DisSUGs enhanced the efficiency of screening base-edited cells by 3- to 5-fold for a PmCDA1-based cytosine-to-tyrosine base editor (PCBE), and 2.5- to 6.5-fold for an adenine base editor (ABE) at endogenous targets. These targets showed editing efficiencies of <25% in the conventional systems. The DisSUGs greatly enhanced the frequency of homozygous substitutions and expanded the activity window slightly for both a PCBE and an ABE. Analyses of the total number of single-nucleotide variants from whole-genome sequencing revealed that, compared with the no-enrichment PCBE strategy, the DisSUGs did not alter the frequency of genome-wide sgRNA-independent off-target mutations, but slightly increased the frequency of target-dependent off-target mutations. Collectively, the DisSUGs developed in this study greatly enhances the efficiency of screening plant base-edited cells and will be a useful system in future applications.

关键词： cell enrichment surrogate reporter cytosine base editors adenine base editors

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A reduced order aerothermodynamic modeling framework for hypersonic vehicles based on surrogate and POD

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2015年第5期28卷 1328-1342页

作者： Chen Xin Liu Li Long Teng Yue Zhenjiang School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology

Aerothermoelasticity is one of the key technologies for hypersonic vehicles. Accurate and efficient computation of the aerothermodynamics is one of the primary challenges for hypersonic aerothermoelastic analysis. Aimed at solving the shortcomings of engineering calculation, compu- tation fluid dynamics （CFD） and experimental investigation, a reduced order modeling （ROM） framework for aerothermodynamics based on CFD predictions using an enhanced algorithm of fast maximin Latin hypercube design is developed. Both proper orthogonal decomposition （POD） and surrogate are considered and compared to construct ROMs. Two surrogate approaches named Kriging and optimized radial basis function （ORBF） are utilized to construct ROMs. Furthermore, an enhanced algorithm of fast maximin Latin hypercube design is proposed, which proves to be helpful to improve the precisions of ROMs. Test results for the three-dimensional aerothermody- namic over a hypersonic surface indicate that： the ROMs precision based on Kriging is better than that by ORBF, ROMs based on Kriging are marginally more accurate than ROMs based on POD- Kriging. In a word, the ROM framework for hypersonic aerothermodynamics has good precision and efficiency.

关键词： Hypersonic vehicles Aerothermodynamic Reduced order model（ROM） surrogate Proper orthogonaldecomposition （POD）

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Health diagnosis of concrete dams using hybrid FWA with RBF-based surrogate model

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 188-195页

作者： Si-qi Dou Jun-jie Li Fei Kang School of Hydraulic Engineering Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

Structural health monitoring is important to ensuring the health and safety of dams.An inverse analysis method based on a novel hybrid fireworks algorithm (FWA) and the radial basis function (RBF) model is proposed to diagnose the health condition of concrete dams.The damage of concrete dams is diagnosed by identifying the elastic modulus of materials using the displacement changes at different reservoir water levels.FWA is a global optimization intelligent algorithm.The proposed hybrid algorithm combines the FWA with the pattern search algorithm, which has a high capability for local optimization.Examples of benchmark functions and pseudo-experiment examples of concrete dams illustrate that the hybrid FWA improves the convergence speed and robustness of the original algorithm.To address the time consumption problem, an RBF-based surrogate model was established to replace part of the finite element method in inverse analysis.Numerical examples of concrete dams illustrate that the use of an RBF-based surrogate model significantly reduces the computation time of inverse analysis with little influence on identification accuracy.The presented hybrid FWA combined with the RBF network can quickly and accurately determine the elastic modulus of materials, and then determine the health status of the concrete dam.

关键词： Fireworks algorithm(FWA) Radial basis function (RBF) network surrogate model Inverse analysis Structural health monitoring

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Sheet Metal Forming Optimization by Using surrogate Modeling Techniques

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第1期30卷 22-36页

作者： WANG Hu YE Fan CHEN Lei LI Enying State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Joint Center for Intelligent New Energy Vehicle China School of Logistics Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 41004China

surrogate assisted optimization has been widely applied in sheet metal forming design due to its efficiency. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of design and reduce the product development cycle, it is important for scholars and engineers to have some insight into the performance of each surrogate assisted optimization method and make them more flexible practically. For this purpose, the state-of-the-art surrogate assisted optimizations are investigated. Furthermore, in view of the bottleneck and development of the surrogate assisted optimization and sheet metal forming design, some important issues on the surrogate assisted optimization in support of the sheet metal forming design are analyzed and discussed, involving the description of the sheet metal forming design, off-line and online sampling strategies, space mapping algorithm, high dimensional problems, robust design, some challenges and potential feasible methods. Generally, this paper provides insightful observations into the performance and potential development of these methods in sheet metal forming design.

关键词： surrogate optimization sheet metal forming

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Efficient aerodynamic shape optimization using variable-fidelity surrogate models and multilevel computational grids

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第1期33卷 31-47页

作者： Zhonghua HAN Chenzhou XU Liang ZHANG Yu ZHANG Keshi ZHANG Wenping SONG School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

A variable-fidelity method can remarkably improve the efficiency of a design optimization based on a high-fidelity and expensive numerical simulation,with assistance of lower-fidelity and cheaper simulation(s).However,most existing works only incorporate‘‘two"levels of fidelity,and thus efficiency improvement is very limited.In order to reduce the number of high-fidelity simulations as many as possible,there is a strong need to extend it to three or more fidelities.This article proposes a novel variable-fidelity optimization approach with application to aerodynamic design.Its key ingredient is the theory and algorithm of a Multi-level Hierarchical Kriging(MHK),which is referred to as a surrogate model that can incorporate simulation data with arbitrary levels of fidelity.The high-fidelity model is defined as a CFD simulation using a fine grid and the lower-fidelity models are defined as the same CFD model but with coarser grids,which are determined through a grid convergence study.First,sampling shapes are selected for each level of fidelity via technique of Design of Experiments(DoE).Then,CFD simulations are conducted and the output data of varying fidelity is used to build initial MHK models for objective(e.g.C_D)and constraint(e.g.C_L,C_m)functions.Next,new samples are selected through infillsampling criteria and the surrogate models are repetitively updated until a global optimum is found.The proposed method is validated by analytical test cases and applied to aerodynamic shape optimization of a NACA0012 airfoil and an ONERA M6 wing in transonic flows.The results confirm that the proposed method can significantly improve the optimization efficiency and apparently outperforms the existing single-fidelity or two-level-fidelity method.

关键词： Aerodynamic shape optimization Computational fluid dynamics Hierarchical kriging Kriging surrogate model

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Recurrence-free survival as a putative surrogate for overall survival in phase Ⅲ trials of curative-intent treatment of colorectal liver metastases:Systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第3期8卷 266-272页

作者： Raphael LC Araujo Paulo Herman Rachel P Riechelmann Department of Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Bliliary Sugery Barretos Cancer Hospital Department of Gastroenterology University of S?o Paulo Instituto do Cancer do Estado de S?o Paulo Universidade de S?o Paulo

AIM To verify whether recurrence-free survival(RFS) surrogates overall survival(OS) in phase Ⅲ trials for resectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLM).METHODS MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Scopus databases were consulted.Eligible studies were phase Ⅲ trials testing any type of systemic therapy(neoadjuvant,adjuvant or perioperative) added to surgery in patients with resectable CRLM.A linear regression model based on hazard ratios(HR) of OS and RFS was performed.RESULTS Of 3059 studies,5 phase Ⅲ trials(1162 patients) were included for analyses.A linear regression weighted by each trial was used to estimate the association between each HR and RFS.The originated formula was:OS HR =(0.93 × RFS HR) + 0.14;with RFS 95%CI(0.48-1.38),with P = 0.007.CONCLUSION This association suggests that RFS could work as a putative surrogate endpoint of OS in this population,avoiding bigger,longer and more resource-consuming trials.The OS could be assumed based on RFS and our model could be useful to better estimate sample size calculations of phase Ⅲ trials of CRLM aiming for OS.

关键词： Colorectal liver metastases Surgery Chemotherapy Clinical trial Long-term outcomes surrogate endpoints

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基于surrogate的预装式储能电站布局优化

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高电压技术 2021年第4期47卷 1314-1322页

作者：袁铁江杨南张昱车勇李爱魁大连理工大学电气工程学院大连116024 国网新疆电力有限公司经济技术研究院乌鲁木齐830002

为解决预装式储能电站内部布局优化的问题,同时兼顾集装箱内部通风散热效果最好与储能容量最大,提出一种基于surrogate的预装式储能电站布局优化方案,以进、出风口半径、通风道宽度为决策变量,利用拉丁超立方抽样法生成样本,设计箱体内... 详细信息

为解决预装式储能电站内部布局优化的问题,同时兼顾集装箱内部通风散热效果最好与储能容量最大,提出一种基于surrogate的预装式储能电站布局优化方案,以进、出风口半径、通风道宽度为决策变量,利用拉丁超立方抽样法生成样本,设计箱体内部设备排布方案及通风口方案,利用有限元软件ANSYSWorkbench仿真计算箱体内温度分布情况;基于热分析结果,使用surrogate建模方法构建优化模型,采用粒子群算法求解优化模型,得到最佳布局及散热方案。最后,算例验证了方法的适用性。此方法的提出,解决了当前预装式储能电站优化方案中存在的主观性偏强或求解不优的问题,有利于推动预装式储能电站设计的进一步发展。

关键词： surrogate 预装式储能电站 ANSYS Workbench 粒子群算法布局优化

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