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Cluster of differentiation antigens:essential roles in the identification of teleost fish T lymphocytes

Marine Life Science & Technology 2022年第3期4卷 303-316页

作者： Hong‑fei Tian Jing Xing Xiao‑qian Tang Heng Chi Xiu‑zhen Sheng Wen‑bin Zhan Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals KLMMEFisheries CollegeOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

Cluster of differentiation(CD)antigens are cell surface molecules expressed on leukocytes and other cells associated with the immune system.Antibodies that react with CD antigens are known to be one of the most essential tools for identifying leukocyte subpopulations.T lymphocytes,as an important population of leukocytes,play essential roles in the adaptive immune system.Many of the CD antigens expressed on T lymphocytes are used as surface markers for T lymphocyte classification,including CD3,CD4 and CD8 molecules.In this review,we summarize the recent advances in the identification of CD molecules on T lymphocytes in teleosts,with emphasis on the functions of CD markers in the classification of T lymphocyte subsets.We notice that genes encoding CD3,co-receptors CD4 and CD8 have been cloned in several fish species and antibodies have been developed to study protein expression in morphological and functional contexts.T lymphocytes can be divided into CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells discriminated by the expression of CD4 and CD8 molecules in teleost,which are functionally similar to mammalian helper T cells(Th)and cytotoxic T cells(Tc),respectively.Further studies are still needed on the particular characteristics of teleost T cell repertoires and adaptive responses,and results will facilitate the health management and development of vaccines for fish.

关键词： T lymphocytes surface marker Classification Monoclonal antibody Fish

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Advances in surface markers of liver cancer stem cell

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Hepatoma Research 2019年第7期5卷 29-46页

作者： Jin-Liang Zhang Lan-Qi Gong Qian Yan Ning-Ning Zhou Victor Ho-Fun Lee Xin-Yuan Guan Department of Clinical Oncology Center The University of Hongkong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053China Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060China

Liver cancer stem cells(LCSCs),a small subpopulation that constitutes liver cancer heterogeneity,play a vital role in cancer initiation,invasion,recurrence,metastasis,and resistance to chemo-radiotherapy.It is believed that therapies targeting LCSCs can improve the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy by completely eliminating tumors while preventing recurrence.Therefore,during last decades,numerous surface markers for LCSCs have been identified and characterized in many subtypes of liver cancer,especially in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).These well-recognized surface markers significantly promote the therapeutic efficacy that identifies,targets and destroys LCSCs.Meanwhile,there have been intensive studies that aim to investigate the molecular mechanism of how stemness contributes to liver cancer relapse,recurrence and resistance.However,liver cancer stemness seems to be regulated by a hierarchical organization and crosstalk of a wide variety of signaling pathways.Using individual or few LCSC surface markers may not be able to completely reveal the intrinsic stemness hierarchy.From an integrated perspective,understanding of recent advances in LCSC surface markers remains important and urgent.In this review,we concentrate on demonstrating the indispensable roles of LCSC surface markers in identification and characterization of multiple cancer stages including initiation,invasion,metastasis,resistance and highlighting the cutting-edge therapeutic strategies against cancer stem cells in HCC.

关键词： Liver cancer hepatocellular carcinoma cancer stem cell surface marker

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