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Simulation Study on Hydrogen-Heating-Power Poly-Generation System based on Solar Driven supercritical Water Biomass Gasification with Compressed Gas Products as an Energy Storage System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第2期29卷 365-377页

作者： JIN Hui WANG Cui FAN Chao State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

supercritical water gasification driven by solar energy is a promising way for clean utilization of biomass with high moisture content, but direct discharge of liquid residual causes energy waste and decreases energy efficiency. To reduce energy waste, a poly-generation system for hydrogen-rich gas production coupling heat supply and power generation based on supercritical water gasification of biomass driven by concentrated solar energy was established in this paper, which also provided a novel energy storage method to overcome the shortcomings of solar discontinuity. Thermodynamic model of the system was proposed and life cycle assessment(LCA) of the system was conducted. Influence of different parameters(temperature of 600℃ to 800℃, outlet temperature of heat exchanger of 42℃ to 56℃, biomass slurry concentration of 5% to 6.5%) on the gasification performance, energy and exergy efficiency, energy distribution and global warming potential(GWP) was discussed. The results indicated that hydrogen yield increased as gasification temperature increased since free radical reaction was enhanced which gas production reaction was classified into. Molar fraction of hydrogen increased as gasification temperature increased and reached 65.6% at 750℃. Energy and exergy efficiency of the system reached 74.84% and 34.87% at 700℃ and 600℃ respectively and that of gas production was 18.15% at 650℃, which was the highest. Increasing reaction temperature and decreasing biomass slurry concentration were effective ways to decrease GWP. Optimal operating parameter was reaction temperature of 650℃, outlet temperature of heat exchanger of 50℃ and biomass concentration of 5%.

关键词： biomass supercritical water gasification poly-generation system thermodynamics analysis energy storage life cycle assessment

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A comprehensive CFD combustion model for supercritical CFB boilers

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Particuology 2019年第2期17卷 29-37页

作者： Linjie Xu Leming Cheng JieqiangJi Qinhui Wang Mengxiang Fang Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 31002China

A combustion model of a large-scale supercritical circulati ng fluidized bed (CFB) boiler was developed for comprehensive computational-fluid-dynamics analysis. The model incorporates gas-solid hydrodynamics, coal combustion, heat transfer on heat exchange surfaces in the furnace, and heat transfer between fumace and working medium in the heat transfer tubes. In simulating the dense and dilute phases in the fumace, the gas-solid hydrodynamics is based on the Euler-Euler model and energy-minimization multiscale drag model. Coal combustion entails evaporation, devolatilization, char combustion, gas homoge neous reaction, and pollutant emission. The coefficient ofheat transfer between gas-solid and the waterwall is estimated using the cluster renewal model, and for radiation, the discrete ordinate model is used. Moreover, thermohydraulic processes in the membrane wall are also in eluded in the heat transfer process. The model was successfully applied in simulations of a 350-MW supercritical CFB boiler. Detailed distributions of solids concentration, oxygen, heat flux, and working medium temperature in the boiler furnace are presented.

关键词： Comprehensive combustion model Computational fluid dynamic Thermal-hydraulics supercritical circulating fluidized bed Large-scale furnace

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Numerical investigation on flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical RP-3 in inclined pipe

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第8期32卷 1885-1894页

作者： Zhi TAO Liangwei LI Jianqin ZHU Xizhuo HU Longyun WANG Lu QIU National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-engine Aero-thermodynamics School of Energy and Power EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Aeronautical Engineering Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China

Numerical simulations of flow and heat transfer to supercritical RP-3 through the inclined tubes have been performed using LS k–e model embedded in Fluent. The physical properties of RP-3 were obtained using the generalized corresponding state laws based on the fourcomponent surrogate model. Mass flow rate is 0.3 g/s, system pressure is 3 MPa, inlet temperature is 373 K. Inclination of the inclined pipe varied from -90° to 90°, with heat flux varied from 300 k W/m^2 to 400 kW/m^2. Comparison between the calculated result and the experimental data indicates the range of error reasonable. The results of ±45° show that temperature inhomogeneity in inclined pipe produce the secondary flow in its cross section due to the buoyancy force. Depending on the strength of the temperature inhomogeneity, there will be two different forms of secondary flow and both contribute to the convective heat transfer in the pipe. The secondary flow intensity decreases when the inhomogeneity alleviates and thermal acceleration will play a leading role. It will have a greater impact on the turbulent flow to affect the convective heat transfer in the pipe. When changing the inclination, it affects the magnitude of the buoyant component in flow direction. The angle increases, the buoyancy component decreases. And the peak temperature of wall dominated by the secondary flow will move forward and increase in height.

关键词： Heat transfer Hydrocarbon fuel Inclined pipe supercritical pressure Variable properties

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Research on the Performance of supercritical CO_2 Dry Gas Seal with Different Deep Spiral Groove

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Journal of Thermal Science 2019年第3期28卷 547-558页

作者： DU Qiuwan ZHANG Di MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

The performance of supercritical CO_2(SCO_2) dry gas seal(DGS) with different deep spiral groove is investigated with the thermal-fluid-solid coupling method. The performance parameters of DGSs with five different kinds of grooves are obtained. The influence of inlet temperature, inlet pressure, velocity and film thickness on performance is analyzed compared with air DGS. The average film pressure, open force and leakage decrease while the average face temperature and flow velocity increase as the spiral groove number increases. The average film pressure, average face temperature, open force and leakage of DGS with radial different deep groove are higher than those of DGS with circumferential different deep groove respectively under the same spiral groove number while the average flow velocity is the opposite. SCO_2 DGS can generate larger average film pressure, open force and leakage with lower average face temperature than air DGS. SCO_2 DGS could maintain better sealing performance despite larger leakage with the variations of inlet temperature, inlet pressure, velocity and film thickness. The variables hold a more remarkable influence on SCO_2 DGS compared with air DGS.

关键词： supercritical carbon dioxide different deep spiral groove dry gas seal thermal-fluid-solid coupling method

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Non-catalytic conversion of wheat straw,walnut shell and almond shell into hydrogen rich gas in supercritical water media

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第8期24卷 1097-1103页

作者： Farid Safari Mohammad Salimi Ahmad Tavasoli Abtin Ataei Department of Energy Engineering Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University School of Chemistry College of science University of Tehran

Agricultural wastes as lignocellulosic biomasses are known as the major resources of bioenergy. These valuable resources can be converted into useful environmental friendly fuels and chemicals. Wheat straw, walnut shell and almond shell are the main agricultural wastes in Kurdistan province, Iran. This study investigates the hydrogen-rich gas production via gasification of these biomasses in supercritical water media. Experiments were performed first, in the base case condition using a stainless steel batch micro reactor system. Then, the effect of reaction time on the total gas yield and yield of hydrogen, were investigated. It was seen that the total gas yields and gasification efficiencies increased by increasing the reaction time to 30 min and then the total gas yield was approximately remained constant. Among three used feed stocks, wheat straw with higher amount of cellulose and lower amount of lignin had the highest total gas and hydrogen yields in shorter reaction times.The maximum hydrogen yields of 7.25, 4.1 and 4.63 mmol per gram of wheat straw, almond shell and walnut shell occurred at 10, 15 and 20 min of reaction time, respectively.

关键词： Hydrogen Biomass Gasification supercritical water media

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Simultaneous determination of amino acids in different teas using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2019年第4期9卷 254-258页

作者： Yang Huang Tiejie Wang Marianne Fillet Jacques Crommen Zhengjin Jiang Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis College of Pharmacy Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control Shenzhen China Department of Pharmaceutics State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicine Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences CIRM University of Liege CHU B36 B-4000 Liege Belgium

Tea is a widely consumed beverage and has many important physiological properties and potential health benefits. In this study, a novel method based on supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) was developed to simultaneously determine 11 amino acids in different types of tea (green teas, Oolong tea, black tea and Pu-erh tea). The separation conditions for the analysis of the selected amino acids including the column type, temperature and backpressure as well as the type of additive, were carefully optimized. The best separation of the 11 amino acids was obtained by adding water (5%, v/v) and trifluoroacetic acid (0.4%, v/v) to the organic modifier (methanol). Finally, the developed SFC-MS method was fully validated and successfully applied to the determination of these amino acids in six different tea samples. Good linearity (r ≥ 0.993), precision (RSDs≤ 2.99%), accuracy (91.95%-107.09%) as well as good sample stability were observed. The limits of detection ranged from 1.42 to 14.69 ng/mL, while the limits of quantification were between 4.53 and 47.0 ng/mL. The results indicate that the contents of the 11 amino acids in the six different tea samples are greatly influenced by the degree of fermentation. The proposed SFC-MS method shows a great potential for further investigation of tea varieties.

关键词： Amino acids Teas supercritical fluid chromatography with single quadrupole mass spectrometry (SFCMS)

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Comparative evaluation for catalytic gasification of petroleum coke and asphaltene in subcritical and supercritical water

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第4期28卷 107-118页

作者： Rachita Rana Sonil Nanda Aimee Maclennan Yongfeng Hu Janusz A.Kozinski Ajay K.Dalai Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Saskatchewan Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western Ontario Soft X-Ray Micro-Characterization Beamline Canadian Light Source Inc. New Model in Technology & Engineering

Subcritical and supercritical water gasification of petroleum coke and asphaltene was performed at variable temperatures(350–650°C),feed concentrations(15–30 wt%)and reaction times(15–60 min).Nickel-impregnated activated carbon(Ni/AC)was synthesized as a catalyst for enhancing syngas yields at optimal gasification conditions(650°C,15 wt%and 60 min).Structural chemistry of precursors and chars developed at different gasification temperatures was studied using physicochemical and synchrotronbased approaches such as carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen–sulfur(CHNS)analysis,thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis(TGA/DTA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS).Asphaltene testified to be a better precursor for catalytic hydrothermal gasification leading to 11.97 mmol/g of total gas yield compared to petroleum coke(8.04 mmol/g).In particular,supercritical water gasification using 5 wt%Ni/AC at 650°C with 15 wt%feed concentration for 60 min resulted in 4.17 and 2.98 mmol/g of H_2from asphaltene and petroleum coke,respectively.Under the same conditions,the respective CH_4yields from catalytic gasification of asphaltene and petroleum coke were 2.54and 1.07 mmol/g.Nonetheless,asphaltene also seemed to an attractive feedstock for the production of highly aromatic chars through hydrothermal gasification.

关键词： Asphaltene Petroleum coke Subcritical water supercritical water Gasification Char

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Measurement and correlation study of silymarin solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide with and without a cosolvent using semi-empirical models and back-propagation artificial neural networks

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第5期12卷 456-463页

作者： Gang Yang Zhe Li Qun Shao Nianping Feng Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China Open Innovation University of BradfordWest YorkshireBD71DPUK

The solubility data of compounds in supercritical fluids and the correlation between the experimental solubility data and predicted solubility data are crucial to the development of supercritical technologies. In the present work, the solubility data of silymarin(SM) in both pure supercritical carbon dioxide(SCCO2) and SCCO2 with added cosolvent was measured at temperatures ranging from 308 to 338 K and pressures from 8 to 22 MPa. The experimental data were fit with three semi-empirical density-based models(Chrastil, Bartle and Mendez-Santiago and Teja models) and a back-propagation artificial neural networks(BPANN) model. Interaction parameters for the models were obtained and the percentage of average absolute relative deviation(AARD%) in each calculation was determined. The correlation results were in good agreement with the experimental data. A comparison among the four models revealed that the experimental solubility data were more fit with the BPANN model with AARDs ranging from 1.14% to 2.15% for silymarin in pure SCCO2 and with added cosolvent. The results provide fundamental data for designing the extraction of SM or the preparation of its particle using SCCO2 techniques.

关键词： Silymarin Solubility supercritical carbon dioxide Cosolvent Artificial neural networks

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Analysis of the flow characteristics of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide jet

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第2期31卷 389-399页

作者： Man Huang Yong Kang Xiao-chuan Wang Yi Hu Can Cai School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Key Laboratory of Water Jet Theory and New Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

The supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO2)jet has a wide application prospect for rock breaking and jet fracturing in the development of the unconventional shale energy,due to its special physicochemical properties.To investigate its jet flow characteristics,the high-speed photography is used in experiments and the simulations through a compressible numerical model are carried out.It is shown that the jet flow field can be divided into three typical regions,the mixing layer possesses the same characteristics as a gas/gas turbulent mixing layer,with the divergent angles evidently smaller than those of the incompressible jets.The predicted results by the numerical model are in a good agreement with those of the experimentations.Through the dimensionless analysis,the potential core shows a length of about 9d and an increasing trend with the increase of the inlet pressure while the decay rate shows a decreasing trend,and the radial profiles consistent well with the 41 Ue-η''normalized method.In addition,a significant temperature drop of the SC-CO2 is observed between the nozzle inlet and the exit.A simple and convenient semi-empirical equation for calculating this temperature variation is deduced.Finally,the flow characteristics suggest that the SC-CO2 jet should be treated as a compressible jet.

关键词： supercritical carb on dioxide jet flow characteristics experiment and simulation unconventional shale energy

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Improving supercritical water gasification of sludge by oil palm empty fruit bunch addition: Promotion of syngas production and heavy metal stabilization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第1期28卷 293-298页

作者： Zhouchao Weng Ekkachai Kanchanatip Dwi Hantoko Mi Yan Hongcai Su Sicheng Zhang Guobin Wang Institute of Energy and Power Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Department of Chemical Engineering Institut Teknologi BandungBandung 40132Indonesia Center of Excellence in Environmental Catalysis and Adsorption Faculty of EngineeringThammasat UniversityPathumthani 12120Thailand

The co-gasification of sewage sludge and palm oil empty fruit bunch(EFB) in supercritical water(SCW) was conducted at 400 °C with a pressure of over 25 MPa. This study aimed to investigate the influence of EFB addition on the syngas production and its composition. The heavy metal distribution and the leaching potential of the solid residue were also assessed. The results showed that syngas yield significantly increased with the addition of EFB into the feedstock. The cold gas efficiency(CGE) and carbon efficiency(CE) of co-gasification were higher than those of individual gasification. The actual syngas production from co-gasification of sludge and EFB was 45% higher than the theoretical total volume. The results indicated that the addition of EFB to sludge had the synergetic promotion effect on syngas production from sludge and EFB in supercritical water. This enhancement might be due to the dissolution of alkali metals from EFB and the adjustment of organic ratio. In addition, higher percentage of heavy metals were deposited and stabilized in the solid residue after SCWG. The leaching concentration of heavy metals from the solid residues was decreased to a level below the standard limit which enables it to be safely disposed of in landfill. In conclusion, the EFB addition has been proved to promote syngas production,as well as, stabilize the heavy metal in solid residues during co-SCWG.

关键词： Co-gasification supercritical water Sludge Empty fruit bunch Syngas Heavy metal

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