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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants at Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 84-92页

作者： Supawut Suksantilerd Rotchanart Thawatchai Nattapol Rungrojjananon Department of Pediatrics Charoenkrung Pracharak HospitalBangkok 10120Krung Thep Maha Nakhon BangkokThailand

BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in exclusively breastfed infants,with supplementation recommended by various international medical organizations.However,in Thailand,no advice for routine vitamin D supplementation is available.Thus,this study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in exclusively breastfed infants in Bangkok,Thailand.AIM To investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in exclusively breastfed infants in Bangkok,Thailand.METHODS This descriptive observational cross-sectional study assessed 1094-month-old infants at Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital from May 2020 to April 2021.The 25-OH vitamin D level of the infants was measured using an electrochemiluminescence binding assay.Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25-OH level<20 ng/mL,with vitamin D insufficiency 20-30 ng/mL.The sun index and maternal vitamin D supplementation data were collected and analyzed using the independent t-test,univariate logistic regression,and multivariate logistic regression to identify the associated factors.RESULTS The prevalences of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency were 35.78%and 33.03%,respectively with mean serum 25-OH vitamin D levels in these two groups 14.37±3.36 and 24.44±3.29 ng/mL.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the main factors associated with vitamin D status were maternal vitamin D supplementation and birth weight,with crude odds ratios 0.26(0.08–0.82)and 0.08(0.01–0.45),respectively.The sun index showed no correlation with the 25-OH vitamin D level in exclusively breastfed infants(r=−0.002,P=0.984).CONCLUSION Two-thirds of healthy exclusively breastfed infants had hypovitaminosis D.Vitamin D supplementation prevented this condition and was recommended for both lactating women and their babies.

关键词： Breastfeeding sunlight Vitamin D deficiency Thailand

Formation of DNA Strand Breaks in Peripheral Lymphocytes of Rats After Exposure to Natural sunlight

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期25卷 245-249页

作者： Dorival Mendes RODRIGUES-JUNIOR Ana Amélia de CARVALHO MELO Benedito Borges da SILVA Pedro Vitor LOPES-COSTA Department of Biology Federal University of Piaui-TeresinaPiauiBrazil Department of Gynecology Federal University of Piaui-TeresinaPiauiBrazil

Objective This paper aims to evaluate the genotoxicity in peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats after exposure to sunlight at different time points of day in a tropical region of Brazil（5oS,42oW）.Materials and Methods Thirty Wistar-Hannover rats,three months old,were randomly divided into three groups of 10 animals each：Group I [control,without exposure to ultraviolet（UV） radiation],Group II（exposed to sunlight during 08：00 a.***.to 10：00 a.m.）,and Group III（exposed to sunlight during 10：00 a.***.to 12：00 a.m.）.After a week of exposure,peripheral blood samples were taken from the tail of these animals to prepare smears on two slides per animal.In 24 h after exposure to sunlight in Group III,a new collection was obtained to observe the repair activity.The alkaline comet assay was used in this study to evaluate the genotoxic activity of sunlight（P0.05）.Results There was no statistical difference between Group I and II（P=0.672）.On the other hand,the exposure to sunlight in Group III showed genotoxic action in comparison to the other groups（P0.0001）.Also,there was no significant repair in Group III R（P=0.407）.Conclusion This study has shown a genotoxic potential of sunlight（UVA-B） in lymphocytes of mammals from 10：00 a.***.to 12：00 a.m.,due to a higher intensity of UV in this tropical region.

关键词： Comet assay DNA damage Rats sunlight Ultraviolet radiation

Use of simulated sunlight radiation and hydrogen peroxide in azithromycin removal from aqueous solutions:Optimization&mineralization analysis

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 53-61页

作者： Pablo Andres Cano Marcela Jaramillo-Baquero Henry Zúniga-Benítez Yudy A.Londono Gustavo A.Penuela Facultad de Ingeniería Tecnologico de Antioquia Institucion UniversitariaCalle 78B#72A-220MedellínColombia Departamento de Ingeniería Química Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Antioquia UdeACalle 70#52-21MedellínColombia Grupo GDCON Facultad de IngenieríaSede de Investigacion Universitaria(SIU)Universidad de Antioquia UdeACalle 70#52-21MedellínColombia

Azithromycin(AZT)is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from the group of macrolides that acts against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria,which has promoted its use in the treatment of different respiratory and sexually transmitted diseases.However,its presence in environmental matrices and in the effluents of conventional wastewater treatment plants has been evidenced in recent years,which reflects the need to develop new treatment alternatives that allow its total removal and minimize the eventual adverse effects,selection of resistant bacterial strains,associated with its presence in water bodies.Simulated sunlight radiation and H2O2 were used to remove AZT from water assessing the effects of operational parameters like the solution initial pH and the peroxide concentration.Results indicate that hydroxyl free radical is the main responsible for pollutant removal but acidic solution conditions and larger H2O2 doses negatively affect OHgeneration under the evaluated experimental conditions.Pollutant removal was almost complete after 120 min of photo-treatment.In addition,reduction of the organic carbon content in the treated samples was^50.0%;and a significant increase of nitrates concentration in solution was evidenced.

关键词： Advanced oxidation Antibiotics Azithromycin Hydrogen peroxide sunlight Wastewater treatment

Effects of sunlight on tundra nitrous oxide and methane fluxes in maritime Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2020年第3期31卷 178-191页

作者： BAO Tao ZHU Renbin YE Wenjuan XU Hua Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230036China Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

The relationships of nitrous oxide(N2O)and methane(CH4)emissions to other environmental parameters have been studied extensively in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems.However,the effects of sunlight on soil N2O and CH4 fluxes are neglected across the Antarctic tundra.Here,fluxes of N2O and CH4 from maritime Antarctic tundra soils were measured in the absence and presence of sunlight during three summers.The N2O fluxes averaged-4.6±1.2μg·m^-2·h^-1 in the absence of sunlight and 5.7±1.5μg·m^-2·h^-1 in its presence;CH4 fluxes averaged 119.8±24.5μg·m^-2·h^-1(absence)and-40.5±28.3μg·m^-2·h^-1(presence).The correlations between N2O and CH4 fluxes and other environmental variables(e.g.,soil moisture,temperature,organic and inorganic material)were not statistically significant(P>0.05)at all sites.On average,sunlight significantly increased N2O emissions and CH4 uptake by 10.3μg·m^-2·h^-1 and 160.3μg·m^-2·h^-1,respectively.This study indicates that sunlight is critical for accurately estimating N2O and CH4 budgets from maritime Antarctica and necessary for constraining the role of their emissions from tundra soil.

关键词： sunlight methane nitrous oxide greenhouse gas soil wetland Antarctica

基于sunlight软件对科右前旗建筑阴影模拟分析及绿化植物选择

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基于SUNLIGHT软件对科右前旗建筑阴影模拟分析及绿化植物选择

作者：杨寓博内蒙古农业大学

学位级别：硕士

随着我国城镇化建设的不断加快,高层住宅的建设量也日益增加,建筑日照成为住宅之间相互影响的主要因素之一。当前的居住空间并没有考虑到光照条件对植物带来的影响,没有匹配合适的植物进行绿化配置,这也导致居住空间内的植物生长状态达... 详细信息

随着我国城镇化建设的不断加快,高层住宅的建设量也日益增加,建筑日照成为住宅之间相互影响的主要因素之一。当前的居住空间并没有考虑到光照条件对植物带来的影响,没有匹配合适的植物进行绿化配置,这也导致居住空间内的植物生长状态达不到预期的效果。因此,在利用sunlight软件对建筑进行日照分析中加入对建筑阴影的分析,为其匹配适宜地光照需求的植物,可以大大提高植物的存活率,也降低了居住空间维护植物的成本。本文以兴安盟科右前旗镇区作为研究地,通过文献调查与实地调查,总结出研究方法、理论、权威数据等作为研究基础,建立《科右前旗常用绿化植物光照需求分类表》,结合实际案列进行日照模拟并作出光照综合评价,综上成果对研究案例进行绿化方案的指导性建议,以供对适宜植物选种的参考。主要研究成果如下:1.对科右前旗镇区绿化植物进行实地调查,发现王族海棠、美人梅等植物在同一空间内,不同建筑阴影环境下生长状况不同,表明当地建筑阴影对植物生长存在一定影响。2.通过实地和文献调研对当地宜栽绿植进行统计,确定科右前旗常用宜栽植物共168种,按照植物光需等级分为喜阴、耐阴、中性、阳性、喜阳5类。3.通过对当地建筑阴影模拟分析,从日照时长、阴影面积、日照强度进行综合评价,以无遮荫全日照条件下生长良好的植物生长适宜性为参照标准,将居住空间光照强度综合评价定义为很不适宜、不适宜、一般、适宜、很适宜5个等级,以匹配8h,5类不同光需等级的植物。综上所述,科右前旗镇区居住空间部分高层建筑阴影对部分绿化植物生长状态存在影响,建筑阴影在组团建筑情况下出现叠加,造成居住空间内部阴影区域面积进一步扩大,日照时长进一步缩短。本研究在确定了适宜于本地绿化植物种类及其需光分级后,利用sunlight分析软件对当地建筑阴影模拟分析,按照日照强度综合评价将不同建筑阴影时长匹配不同光需等级植物种类,解决了科右前旗镇区在建设过程中出现的日照影响居住空间内绿化植物错配的问题,并提出了适合于不同建筑空间的绿化配置建议,具有较广泛的借鉴意义。

关键词： sunlight 科右前旗日照分析光照需求植物选择

Transpiration-prompted Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye Pollutant with AuNPs/PANI Based Cryogels

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第10期40卷 1141-1153,I0006,I0005页

作者： Xiao-Xiao Guo Shi-Chang Hou Jun Chen Cong Liao Wei-Dong He CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Incautious discharge of organic dyes such as methyl orange(MO)has produced serious pollution to the environment,calling for the efficient techniques to remove them with retaining the green world.The photo-catalytic degradation of organic dyes is promising among the developed techniques.Thus,a strategy based on transpiration-prompted photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant under sunlight is put forward.Aniline(ANI)is graft-polymerized onto poly(acrylamide-co-N-4-aminophenylacrylamide)(PAAm)cryogel embedded with gold nanoparticles(AuNPs,diameter:4-10 nm).The obtained cryogels integrated with AuNPs and PANI inside PAAm matrix(AuNP@PAAm-g-PANI)have been structurally explored based on the chemical composition and the phase/porous morphology.SEM and TEM observation shows that PANI and AuNPs are uniformly distributed in PAAm matrix.Since the macro-porosity of cryogel,hydrophilicity of PAAm and photo-thermal activity of PANI,PAAm-g-PANI cryogels without AuNPs can have a photo-thermal evaporation rate of water at 1.63 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1).As a comparison,Au NP@PAAm-g-PANI cryogels with AuNPs exhibit higher one at 2.20 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),suggesting the promotion of AuNPs to photo-thermal evaporation.Meanwhile,PANI appreciatively assists AuNPs to display higher catalytic ability for the oxidative degradation of MO.Therefore,the removal of MO from water is obviously prompted by the water transpiration under sunlight with AuNP@PAAm-g-PANI cryogels,whose rate constant can reach to 0.320 h^(-1),being three folds of that for the sole absorption of MO.This transpiration-prompted photocatalytic degradation provides a fascinating route to eliminate organic pollutants and obtain pure water from wastewater simultaneously with sustainable sunlight energy.

关键词： Photothermal evaporation Photocatalytic degradation sunlight Organic dye Composite cryogel

Ensemble machine learning framework for daylight modelling of various building layouts

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Building Simulation 2023年第11期16卷 2049-2061页

作者： Rashed Alsharif Mehrdad Arashpour Emad Golafshani Milad Bazli Saeed Reza Mohandes Department of Civil Engineering Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia Department of Construction Engineering at AlQunfudah Umm Al-Qura UniversityMeccaSaudi Arabia College of Engineering ITand EnvironmentCharles Darwin UniversityCasuarinaAustralia Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK

The application of machine learning(ML)modelling in daylight prediction has been a promising approach for reliable and effective visual comfort assessment.Although many advancements have been made,no standardized ML modelling framework exists in daylight assessment.In this study,625 different building layouts were generated to model useful daylight illuminance(UDI).Two state-of-the-art ML algorithms,eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)and random forest(RF),were employed to analyze UDI in four categories:UDI-f(fell short),UDI-s(supplementary),UDI-a(autonomous),and UDI-e(exceeded).A feature(internal finish)was introduced to the framework to better reflect real-world representation.The results show that XGBoost models predict UDI with a maximum accuracy of R^(2)=0.992.Compared to RF,the XGBoost ML models can significantly reduce prediction errors.Future research directions have been specified to advance the proposed framework by introducing new features and exploring new ML architectures to standardize ML applications in daylight prediction.

关键词： artificial intelligence indoor environment machine learning parametric building layout sunlight visual comfort

Effect of sunlight Exposure and Different Withering Durations on Theanine Levels in Tea (<i>Camellia sinensis</i>)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1014-1021页

作者： Janet Chebet Too Thomas Kinyanjui John Kanyiri Wanyoko Francis Nyamu Wachira Department of Chemistry Egerton University Egerton Kenya KALRO-Tea Research Institute Kericho Kenya Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in East and Central Africa Entebbe Uganda

Theanine is a non-protein amino acid representing as much as 50% of the total amino acids in black tea and 1% - 2% of dry weight in green tea. It has been shown to be able to reduce high blood pressure, promote relaxation, and inhibit caffeine’s side effects among others. This current study explored the effects of sunlight and withering durations on theanine levels in tea shoots. Theanine content from three leaves and a bud, two leaves and a bud and internodes were detected and quantified by using High Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC). sunlight exposure experiment was started at dawn (0600 HRS, GMT + 3.00) when the light intensity was low and tea was collected at three-hour interval throughout the day to (1800 Hrs, GMT + 3.00) when the light intensity had dropped. At the start of the experiment, the theanine levels were significantly high but as the intensity of sunlight increased during the day there was a significant drop in theanine levels, and as the sun set the theanine levels increased significantly again in all samples. The results also showed that theanine levels were significantly increased after 15 hours of withering. Three leaves and a bud withered for 3 hours had mean theanine levels of 1.41% and those withered for 15 hours had mean theanine levels of 3.11%. Internodes exhibited higher mean theanine levels than those of leaves. In the light of these results, it’s evident that withering for a longer period of time and harvesting of tea when the light intensity is low ensure high amount of theanine in tea.

关键词： Green Tea Theanine Withering Time sunlight Exposure Health Benefits

Review on Effects of sunlight on the Internal Quality of Peach Fruit

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2021年第1期10卷 29-35页

作者： Zhisheng MA Yuehui WANG Ruixia BAI Jianming LI Yunyun JIA Shijiazhuang Pomology Research Institute Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China

On the basis of referring plenty of literatures, we summed up the research advance in effects of sun light on the internal quality of peach fruit. This paper discussed the effect of light on the internal quality of peach fruit under the conditions of open cultivation, protected cultivation, bagging and surface covering with reflective film, the mechanism of occurrence and the technical measures to improve the utilization rate of light and light energy, and prospected the future research work.

关键词： Peach tree sunlight Fruit Soluble solid content Organic acid Vitamin C Protein