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Observational Features of large-scale structures as Revealed by the Catastrophe Model of Solar Eruptions

Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2007年第4期7卷 457-476页

作者： Jun Lin National Astronomical Observatories/Yunnan Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650011 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA National Astronomical Observatories / Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA

large-scale magnetic structures are the main carrier of major eruptions in the solar atmosphere. These structures are rooted in the photosphere and are driven by the unceasing motion of the photospheric material through a series of equilibrium configurations. The motion brings energy into the coronal magnetic field until the system ceases to be in equilibrium. The catastrophe theory for solar eruptions indicates that loss of mechanical equilibrium constitutes the main trigger mechanism of major eruptions, usually shown up as solar flares, eruptive prominences, and coronal mass ejections （CMEs）. magnetic reconnection which takes place at the very beginning of the eruption as a result of plasma instabilities/turbulence inside the current sheet, converts magnetic energy into heating and kinetic energy that are responsible for solar flares, and for accelerating both plasma ejecta （flows and CMEs） and energetic particles. Various manifestations are thus related to one another, and the physics behind these relationships is catastrophe and magnetic reconnection. This work reports on recent progress in both theoretical research and observations on eruptive phenomena showing the above manifestations. We start by displaying the properties of large-scale structures in the corona and the related magnetic fields prior to an eruption, and show various morphological features of the disrupting magnetic fields. Then, in the framework of the catastrophe theory, we look into the physics behind those features investigated in a succession of previous works, and discuss the approaches they used.

关键词： sun: large-scale magnetic structures - sun: eruptive processes - sun: theory and observations - magnetic reconnection and current sheets

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