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Unveiling the silent crisis:global burden of suicide‑related deaths among children aged 10–14 years

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 371-391页

作者： Irmina Maria Michalek Pawel Koczkodaj Marzena Michalek Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Primary Prevention Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncologyul.Wawelska 15 BWarsawPoland Private Psychiatric Practice-Marzena Michalek MDSiedlcePoland Harvard Business School Harvard UniversityBostonMAUSA

Background The rise in suicides among children aged 10–14 years demands urgent attention globally.This study aims to assess the global burden of suicide-related deaths in this age group from 1990 to 2019,considering factors such as sex,geography,and sociodemographics,to inform prevention strategies and interventions.Methods The data from Global Burden of Disease 2019,encompassing 204 countries and territories,were analyzed to investigate deaths and years of life lost(YLLs)due to suicide among children aged 10–14 years.Statistical analyses,including mortality rates,YLLs,and the sociodemographic index(SDI),were conducted using standardized tools.Results In 2019,a total of 8327[95%uncertainty interval(UI)=7073–9685]children aged 10–14 years died globally due to suicide,with a mortality rate of 1.30(95%UI=1.10–1.51)per 100,000.The rates varied across countries/territories ranging between 0.05(95%UI=0.02–0.10)in South Africa and 7.49(95%UI=5.13–10.57)in Greenland.The contribution of suicide-related deaths to all-cause mortality ranged from 0.07%(95%UI=0.04%–0.15%)in South Africa to 33.02%(95%UI=24.36%–41.53%)in Greenland.Worldwide,there were approximately 636,196(95%UI=540,383–740,009)YLLs due to suicide,with a rate of 99.07(95%UI=84.15–115.23)per 100,000.The association between SDI and suicide-related deaths was evident,with higher contributions observed in countries with higher SDI.Conclusions This study reveals a concerning global burden of suicide-related deaths among children aged 10–14 years.Despite progress in reducing mortality rates,suicide remains a significant issue.While overall rates have declined,the percentage of deaths caused by suicide in this age group is increasing.

关键词： Early adolescent Global Burden of Disease Incidence suicide Years of life lost

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COVID-19 pandemic amplified mortality rates among adolescents with bipolar disorder through family-related factors

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1929-1935页

作者： Zhuo-Fan Ye Yi-Han Hong Jian-Lin Yang Meng-Qing Tan Ju-Min Xie Zu-Cai Xu Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal Disease Occurrence and Intervention Medical SchoolHubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003Hubei ProvinceChina Psychological Children's Ward Mental Health Center of HuangshiHuangshi 435111Hubei ProvinceChina The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Recently,a growing number of adolescents have been afflicted with mental disorders,with annual morbidity rates on the rise.This trend has been exacerbated by the global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,leading to a surge in suicide and self-harm rates among this demographic.AIM To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent bipolar disorder(BD),along with the underlying factors contributing to heightened rates of suicide and self-harm among adolescents.METHODS A comprehensive statistical analysis was conducted utilizing clinical interviews and self-reports obtained from patients or their guardians.Diagnostic criteria for BDs were based on the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,international classification of diseases-11,and the National institute of mental health research domain criteria.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 software,with significance set at Psuicide attempts and self-harm incidents was observed among adolescents with BD during the COVID-19 pandemic.Statistical analysis indicated that the pandemic exacerbated familial discord and heightened academic stress,thereby amplifying the prevalence of suicidal behavior and self-harm among adolescents.CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated familial tensions and intensified the incidence of suicide and self-harm among adolescents diagnosed with BD.This study underscores the urgent need for societal,familial and educational support systems to prioritize the well-being of adolescents and offers valuable insights and guidelines for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of ad

关键词： Adolescents Bipolar disorder COVID-19 suicide Self-harm

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suicide Mortality by Place,Gender,and Age Group-China,2010-2021

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China CDC weekly 2023年第25期5卷 559-564,I0003-I0005页

作者： Min Zhao Li Li Zhenzhen Rao David C.Schwebel Peishan Ning Guoqing Hu Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical EpidemiologyXiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangsha CityHunan ProvinceChina Department of Psychology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha CityHunan ProvinceChina

ABSTRACT Introduction:suicide is an important public health concern in China.We examined suicide mortality by place,sex,and age group from 2010 to 2021 to identify and quantify significant suicide mortality changes in China.Methods:We retrieved age-standardized and agespecific suicide mortality rates by place(urban vs.rural)and sex from the Chinese Health Statistical Yearbook and population data from the 2010 and 2020 Chinese National Population Census.

关键词： Place Population suicide

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suicide Prevention:More Actions Are Needed

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China CDC weekly 2023年第25期5卷 545-546页

作者： Guoqing Hu Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical EpidemiologyXiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangsha CityHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders(Xiangya Hospital) Central South UniversityChangsha CityHunan ProvinceChina

suicide has long been a significant global public health issue.Annually,approximately 800,000 individuals succumb to suicide worldwide,resulting in more fatalities than those caused by malaria,breast cancer,or war and homicide(1).A striking 79%of these suicide-related deaths transpire in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)(1).Remarkably,suicide ranks as the second leading cause of death among young individuals aged 15–29 years for both males and females,with 90%of adolescents who died by suicide originating from LMICs(1).

关键词： suicide death striking

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Trends in suicide by hanging, strangulation, and suffocation in Serbia, 1991-2020: A joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第3期12卷 505-520页

作者： Milena Ilic Irena Ilic Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Faculty of Medicine University of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia

BACKGROUND Hanging is one of the most commonly used methods for suicide in both sexes worldwide.In a number of countries,hanging mortality has increased over the last decades.Nevertheless,there is a scarcity of studies that have explored the patterns and trends for mortality of suicide by hanging on global,regional and national levels,as most evaluations are limited to certain populations.AIM To assess the trends of suicide mortality by hanging,strangulation,and suffocation in Serbia,from 1991 to 2020.METHODS This nationwide study,with epidemiological descriptive study design,was carried out based on official data.The age-standardized rates(ASRs,expressed per 100000 persons)were calculated by direct standardization,using the World Standard Population.Mortality trends from suicide by hanging were assessed using the joinpoint regression analysis:The average annual percent change(AAPC)with the corresponding 95%confidence interval(95%CI)was calculated.Age-period-cohort analysis was performed to address the possible underlying reasons for the observed suicide trends.RESULTS Over the 30-year period studied,there were 24340 deaths by hanging(17750 males and 6590 females)in Serbia.In 2020,the ASR of deaths by hanging was 4.5 per 100000 persons in both sexes together(7.6 in males vs 1.7 in females).The trends of suicide mortality by hanging decreased significantly between 1991 and 2020 in both males(AAPC=-1.7%per year;95%CI:-2.0 to-1.4)and females(AAPC=-3.5%per year;95%CI:-3.9 to-3.1).Mortality rates of suicide by hanging had a continuously decreasing tendency in both sexes together in all age groups:The only exception was among males in 40-49 age group,with an increasing trend of suicide by hanging from 1991 to 2011(by+0.3%per year).CONCLUSION The trends in suicide mortality by hanging have been decreasing in Serbia in the last three decades in both sexes,but this was more pronounced in women than in men.Despite the decreasing trends observed in mortality of suicide by hanging,further research is needed for better clarif

关键词： suicide Hanging Mortality Trends Joinpoint analysis

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Epidemio-toxicological profile of suicide cases:analysis from a forensic unit in Brazil

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 643-649页

作者： Carolina de Castro Martins Yara Viera Lemos Maycoln Leoni Martins Teodoro Ana Paula Drummond-Lage Department of Phsycology Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Department of Forensic Anthropology Polícia Civil de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil School of Medicine Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Post-Graduation Department Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil

The suicide phenomenon involves complex interactions between psychological,biological,cultural and socio-environmental factors.This study aimed to assess the epidemiological and toxicological profiles of officially confirmed suicide victims.Aretrospective study was performed using autopsy reports,forensic anthropology examinations and police summaries of all suicide cases that underwent toxicological analysis at an Official Forensic Laboratory(Minas Gerais,Brazil)in 1 year.The sample set was composed of 351 suicide victims,predominantly men(70.32%),most of them were adults between 31 and 64 years old(62.11%),with mixed skin colour(48.89%)and low educational level(66.44%).The most common suicide method was hanging(57.79%),followed by intoxication(30.45%).Most victims presented positive toxicological results(56.41%),especially for the presence of medicines(37.6%),illicit drugs(36.3%)and pesticides(26.1%).Our study corroborated previous data that most suicide victims have low educational levels.The most common toxicological findings were medicines,especially prescription drugs,followed by illicit drugs and pesticides.We hope this study contributes to reflections and planning of preventive suicide programmes,considering the described profiles of victims.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic toxicology forensic medicine forensic anthropology suicide

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Mental health implications of suicide rates in South Africa

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第34期11卷 8099-8105页

作者： Nkechinyere C Edeh Chiedu Eseadi Department of Social Science Education University of NigeriaNsukka 41001Enugu StateNigeria Department of Educational Psychology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg 2006GautengSouth Africa

Mental health challenges are a severe issue that could lead to suicide if not properly addressed.South Africa has a significant burden of mental health issues,which contributes to the soaring rate of suicide.Adequate mental health-care provision could reduce the high suicide rate in South Africa.Since the apartheid regime,the country has made a series of efforts to improve mental health.This study aimed to review and examine available literature on mental health and suicide issues in South Africa and demonstrate the policy implications.This study adopted a narrative review approach.Electronic databases(PubMed,Scilit,Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar)were used to identify published articles in the English language with crucial search terms that included mental health,South African mental health policy,South Africa,suicide and policy.Literature suggests that at the provincial level,there are no adequate mental health policies,and the implementation of the country’s mental health policy is faced with many challenges,such as a shortage of professionals and finances.The review also showed that task sharing and counselling have been pilot-tested and shown to be effective methods for the prevention of mental illness and promotion of positive mental health.This study concludes that the mental health treatment gap still exists in South Africa,and this needs to be tackled using effective,multi-level counselling interventions and policy initiatives.Adequate mental health-care provision and effective implementation of mental health policy could reduce the high rate of suicide in South Africa.

关键词： Counseling Mental health policy suicide South Africa Task-sharing

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Lethal means and suicide prevention among military veterans

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Military Medical Research 2023年第1期10卷 139-140页

作者： Joshua Levine Leo Sher Veterans’Administration New York Harbor Healthcare System BrooklynNY 11209USA James J.Peters Veterans’Administration Medical Center BronxNY 10468USA

Dear Editor,suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant publichealthproblemintheUnitedStates.TheNational VeteransuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may account for an increase in veteran suicide rates[1].

关键词： suicide Depression Public health Lethal means Military veterans

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Closing the Gap: Characterizing Key Factors Leading to the Disparity in suicide Rates along the Urban-Rural Continuum

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2022年第2期24卷 159-167页

作者： Harrison Schurr Andrei Tuluca Beth Bailey College of Medicine Central Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMI 48859USA

suicide is a top ten cause of mortality in the United States.In previous literature the suicide rates in rural com-munities have been reported to be greater than those of more urban communities.Additionally,these studies have discussed many potential causes for the unfortunate disparity in rates.One cause often discussed is lack of mental health care providers in rural communities.The data for this study was gathered from the CDC’s WONDER data-base and the NPPES NPI Registry.The urban-rural categorization of counties used the 2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Scheme.Statistical analysis included chi-square tests,paired t-tests,and stepwise regression analyses.Results indi-cate that both the number of residents per provider(r=0.35,p≤0.005),and urbanization level(r=0.49,p≤0.001)were signiﬁcantly related to suicide rate.Additionally,even after controlling for provider rates,each additional level of rurality predicted an increase of 1.2 suicides per 100,000 residents.Ultimately,the number of providers may play a major role in suicide rates,but extra effort must also be made in rural communities to combat the other contextual factors leading to increased suicide rates.

关键词： suicide mental health care providers rurality mental health

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suicide attempt using potassium tablets for congenital chloride diarrhea:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第8期8卷 1463-1470页

作者： Shigeo Iijima Department of Pediatrics Hamamatsu University School of MedicineHamamatsu 4313192Japan

BACKGROUND Congenital chloride diarrhea(CCD)is a rare inherited disorder of intestinal electrolyte transport that results in a large wastage of electrolytes and water.Advances in substitution therapy using sodium chloride(NaCl)and potassium chloride(KCl)have dramatically improved survival for patients with CCD.Slowrelease KCl is widely prescribed as a potassium supplement;however,it has also occasionally been used in suicide attempts,as potassium poisoning can generate life-threatening hyperkalemia.CASE SUMMARY A 26-year-old female presented to the emergency department(ED)with selfpoisoning,having taken 30 tablets of slow-release KCl(total:240 mmol potassium)following an auditory hallucination.The patient had been undergoing substitution therapy with NaCl and KCl for CCD and been followed up in the pediatric department.One month prior,she developed insomnia and anxiety and had consulted a psychiatrist.At the ED,although her general condition was good,she appeared agitated.Her serum potassium level was 7.0 mmol/L,indicating hyperkalemia,and electrocardiographic changes showed tenting of the T-waves.She responded to the administration of calcium gluconate,sodium bicarbonate,and insulin with glucose,and the serum potassium level improved.Finally,she was diagnosed with schizophrenia.CONCLUSION In CCD management,physicians should pay careful attention to patients’extraintestinal issues,including psychological disorders that may emerge in adulthood.

关键词： Congenital chloride diarrhea Substitution therapy suicide Potassium overdose Schizophrenia Case report

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