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Effect of grass density and date of tapping on Acacia senegal gum yield in north kordofan state, sudan

Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 169-172页

作者： Idris M. Adam M. E. Ballal Kamal El. M. Fadl Agricultural Research Corporation Kadugli Research StationP.O. Box 16KadugliSudan. Agricultural Research Corporation Forest Research CenterP.O. Box 13391Khartoum-Soba-Sudan. Agricultural Research Corporation El-Obeid Research StationP.O. Box 429El-ObeidSudan.

We conducted a two-factor experiment in randomized complete block design with four replications during 2004 in El Demokeya Forest Reserve and El Himaira Natural Forest, North Kordofan State, sudan. The objective was to develop an understanding of the ecological effects of under-story vegetation and tapping date on the productivity of gum arabic from Acacia senegal as over story cover. The first factor was grass cover which was tested in four levels （100% and 50% grass cover in addition to bare and burnt）. The second factor, date of tapping was tested in three levels namely （1st Oct, 15th Oct and 1st Nov）. The first picking was done after 45 days from tapping and the gum yield up to seven pickings was collected at intervals of 15 days. Gum yield from each picking was collected and weighed using sensitive balance. Analysis of variance was carried out using MSTAT-C statistical package, and the Tukey test was applied for mean comparisons. The results showed highly significant differences （p 〈 0.01） of grass cover on gum arabic yield in the two sites for most of the first consecutive pickings （1st–4th out of seven） in addition to total yield （kg/ha）. With exception to the 4th pickings, the interaction effect between the grass densities and tapping date was not significantly different. The total gum yield was significantly （p 〈 0.05） increased in only two pickings （third and fourth） in El Demokeya Forest Reserve and two pickings （1st and 2nd） at El Himaira Natural Forest. The density of grass cover significantly （p 〈 0.05） affected the number of pickings at both sites; the number of gum pickings was directly proportional to grass density. The number of gum pickings was found to be significantly （p 〈 0.05） increased at the early date of tapping.

关键词： Acacia senegal grass density date of tapping gum arabic yield sudan.

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Area-wide Detection of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Dairy Animals from the Khartoum State, sudan

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第9期8卷 723-730页

作者： Abdalla Mohamed Ibrahim Ahmed Ali Ismail Tamador Elkhansa Elnour Angara Osman Mukhtar Osman Department of Parasitology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Bahri Khartoum 11111 Sudan College of Veterinary Medicine Sudan University Science and Technology Khartoum 11111 Sudan College of Science and Technology of Animal Production Sudan University Science and Technology Khartoum 11111 Sudan Veterinary Research Institute Khartoum 11111 Sudan

Toxoplasmosis is an important cause of reproductive failure in man and farm animals resulting in significant socio-economic losses worldwide. The aim of this study was to avail large scale data-regarding the sero-prevalence of T. gondii infection in dairy animals from the Khartoum State, sudan.using the commercially available Latex Agglutination Diagnostic kits. The study revealed that the overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection at herd level of dairy animals in the State was 92.7%. The within herd seroprevalence was ranging from 8% up to 100% with mean of 51.3% in different herds of different dairy animals species in the State. Only 6 herds, 3 herds, 3 herds and 1 herd of cattle, camel sheep and goat respectively were found to be clean from anti-T, gondii antibody in the present study. Interestingly, most of the clean herds （12 herds） are located in the Khartoum district. The differences between the three districts, the seven localities and the four animal species were statistically highly significant （P 〈 0.01）. The overall sero-prevalence of T. gondii infection in dairy animals--at individual level--was 45.3%. Sheep scored the highest seroprevalence rate （75.0%） followed by goats （64.0%）, camels （54.1%） and cattle （40.9%） with high statistically significant differences （P 〈 0.01）. The highest level of antibody titration was reported in sheep and goats. This is the first area-wide and large scale report on seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in dairy animals from the sudan. It was concluded that dairy animals in the sudan.are widely exposed to T. gondii and people in the sudan.should be aware of the possibility of hyper-prevalence of human toxoplasmosis through these food animals. Research on clinical toxoplasmosis in dairy animals and human in the sudan.is recommended to evaluate the role T. gondii infection in economical losses in dairy farm industry and for building strategy of sustainable toxoplasmosis control.

关键词： Seroprevalence T gondii LAT dairy animals sudan.

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The First Report on Sero-Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Working Horses and Donkeys in the sudan

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第12期7卷 1284-1287页

作者： Shadia Mohamed Ahmed Abdalla Mohamed Ibrahim Nabaa Kamal Alshafie Rabab Haroun Mohammed Ahmed Ali Ismail Tamador Elkhansa Elnour Angara College of Veterinary Medicine University of Bahri Khartoum 11111 Sudan College of Veterinary Medicine Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST) Khartoum 11111 Sudan College of Science and Technology of Animal Production Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST) Khartoum 11111Sudan

A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii was conducted using LAT （Latex Agglutination Test） on 205 sera collected from working horses and donkeys in Khartoum State, sudan. The overall sero-prevalence of the investigated equines was 32.7%. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 38% of 100 horses and 27.6% of 105 donkeys. The titers were 1：2 （4 heads）, 1：4 （11 heads）, 1：8 （13 heads）, 1：16 （17 heads）, 1：32 （5 heads）, 1：64 （10 donkeys） and 1：128 （7 donkeys）. Neither the area nor animal species showed significant differences between the investigated groups. However, age was reported to show significant （P 〈 0.05） effect on equine toxoplasmosis in the sudan. This is the first report on equine toxoplasmosis in the sudan.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii equines sero-prevalence latex agglutination test sudan.

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Study of Blood Parasites in Mabuya sp Lizards and Buforegularis Toads in Jebel Awlia and Tuti Island of Khartoum, sudan

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2015年第1期5卷 86-90页

作者： Mukhtar Hassan Sara A. K. Saeed Omran F. Osman Department of Zoology Faculty of Science University of Khartoum Khartoum 13311 Sudan Natural History Museum Faculty of Science University of Khartoum Khartoum 13311 Sudan

Toads and lizards have been a part of our ecosystems for millions of years and they are good indicators of environmental health. Toads and lizards can be infected by different types of parasites; blood parasites are one of the most important parasites. The present study was conducted to survey and identify different blood parasites in Mabuya sp. lizard and Buforegularis toad in two locations in Khartoum state. Fifteen samples of Mabuya sp and fifteen samples of Buforegularis were collected. All Toads and lizards were dissected and tissue from spleen and liver were examined. The microscopic diagnosis detected Sauroleishmania and Haemogregarina spp parasites in both Mabuya and B. regularis while Microfilariae spp was detected in Mabuya sp. Trypanosoma spp was detected in only one specimen of B. regularis. The results also indicated Sauroleishmania parasites and Haemogregarina spp parasites in the sampled toads and lizards in the two locations. The study of blood parasites and their effects in diversity and health of toads and lizards is necessary to determine the impacts of infections in these animals and the use of the results as indicator of hemoparasites in the environmental as well as the food chain.

关键词： Blood Parasites Toads Lizards sudan.

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Impact of Conservation Tillage Technologies onSmall-scale, Rain Fed Sorghum Farmers inSennar State-sudan

Impact of Conservation Tillage Technologies onSmall-scale, R...

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国际农业工程大会

作者： Mamoun I. Dawelbeit Alkhair O. Elzain Professor Director Technology Transfer and Extension AdministrationFederal Ministry of Agriculture and Forests Khartoum Sudan Engineer Technology Transfer and Extension Department Ministry of Agriculture animal resources and irrigation Sennar State Sennar Sudan

＜正＞ The objectives were to achieve food security and alleviate poverty by appropriate interventions and transferring conservation tillage technologies to the small scale farmers in Sennar State. Five villages that lie in a marginal rainfall area （300-400mm annually） were selected. Thirty farmers were chosen from each village. For each village an extension agent was appointed. The extension agent organized the farmers into village development committees and established a micro-credit system. The total number of farmers in the project was 150, each with 2 hectares to make a total area of 300 hectare.

关键词： Conservation tillage rain fed small farmers sorghum sudan.

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