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Controls of strike-slip fault on fractures:Insight from 3D discrete element simulation

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 146-164页

作者： Lianbo ZENG Zhe MAO Guoping LIU He TIAN Yingtao YAO Kewei ZU Shaoqun DONG Mehdi OSTADHASSAN State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Institute of Energy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Exploration and Development Research Institute Zhongyuan Oilfield Branch CompanySINOPECZhengzhou 457001China Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318China

The fracture-cave reservoirs controlled by strike-slip faults are the main targets for oil and gas exploration of ultradeep carbonate in the Tarim *** is of great significance to clarify the distribution rules of fractures related to strike-slip faults for guiding the exploration and development of ultra-deep oil and *** this study,six groups of strike-slip fault 3D models based on discrete element numerical simulation method have been created to investigate characteristics of fault-related fracture development and distribution *** addition,we compared the modeling results to the measurement of fractures from the outcrop of a strike-slip fault in the Northern Tarim Basin to verify their *** results show that the stress environment is stable in the simple strike-slip section,and fractures intersecting with the strike-slip direction at a small angle are the principal *** the releasing stepover and double-bend sections,the maximum principal stress changes from horizontal to vertical during the formation of pull-apart zones,where the principal fractures intersect the strike-slip direction at a large *** maximum principal stress in the restraining stepover and double-bend section remains horizontal,but their strikes change significantly with the increment of fault ***,fractures intersecting the strike-slip direction at a small angle will become principal fractures early on,while those parallel to or anti-intersecting the strike-slip direction at a small angle will become principal fractures *** are obvious differences in the development of fractures in different structural positions of strike-slip *** are mainly concentrated in the fault tips,connections,and fault plane,and the magnitude of the fault damage zone is relatively larger in the first *** with fault displacement,the principal damage zone(PDZ)shows stronger control on the distribution and development intensity of *** the in

关键词： strike-slip fault fault-related fracture Stepover Double-bend Discrete element method

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A New Growth Model of fault Attributes in a strike-slip fault System in the Tarim Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第5期94卷 1373-1380页

作者： ZHANG Yintao WU Guanghui WANG Junfang LI Guohui WAN Xiaoguo YANG Tianyi School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company KorlaXinjiang 841000China PetroChina Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoir Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China

fault attributes generally display a consistent power–law-scaling *** on new 3 D seismic data,however,we found some exceptional fault attribute relationships of lengths(L)–throw(T)(vertical component of displacement),overlap zone length(Lo)–width(Wo)from a strike-slip fault system of the Ordovician carbonates in the Tarim *** L–T relationship shows two linear segments with breakup at^40 km in fault *** presents an exceptional throw increase in the second stage,which is attributed to a localization of vertical displacement and deformation in overlapping zones other than the different fault scales in a mature fault *** Lo–Wo relationship in the overlapping zones shows multiply stepped-shape patterns,suggesting multiple fault differential growth and periodic increase in fault ***,we propose a new alternative growth model of fault attributes in strike-slip fault zones,in which the overlapping zones accumulated localized displacement and deformation in the intracratonic strike-slip fault zone.

关键词： fault modeling fault attributes strike-slip fault overlapping zone power-law-scaling fault growth process

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Vertical Differential Structural Deformation of the Main strike-slip fault Zones in the Shunbei Area,Central Tarim Basin:Structural Characteristics,Deformation Mechanisms,and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第4期96卷 1415-1431页

作者： TIAN Fanglei HE Dengfa CHEN Jiajun MAO Danfeng School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Enrichment Mechanism Ministry of EducationBeijing 100083China

Vertical differential structural deformation(VDSD),one of the most significant structural characteristics of strike-slip fault zones(SSFZs)in the Shunbei area,is crucial for understanding deformation in the SSFZ and its hydrocarbon accumulation *** on drilling data and high-precision 3-D seismic data,we analyzed the geometric and kinematic characteristics of the SSFZs in the Shunbei *** with the stratification of the rock mechanism,the structural deformations of these SSFZs in different formations were differentiated and divided into four deformation *** to comprehensive structural interpretations and comparisons,three integrated 3-D structural models could describe the VDSD of these *** time-space coupling of the material basis(rock mechanism stratification),changing dynamic conditions(e.g.,changing stress-strain states),and special deformation mechanism of the en echelon normal fault array uniformly controlled the formation of the VDSD in the SSFZs of the Shunbei *** VDSD of the SSFZs in this area controlled the entire hydrocarbon accumulation ***-stage structural superimposing deformation influenced the hydrocarbon migration,accumulation,distribution,preservation,and secondary adjustments.

关键词： strike-slip fault vertical differential structural deformation hydrocarbon accumulation Shunbei area central Tarim Basin

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The Middle and Lower Cambrian salt tectonics in the central Tarim Basin,China:A case study based on strike-slip fault characterization

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 53-61页

作者： Qing Bian Jibiao Zhang Cheng Huang SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute BeijingChina SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Company UrumuqiChina

Due to the considerable depth of the salt layers and the lack of calibration by exploratory drilling,the interpretation of the Middle and Lower Cambrian salt formations in the central Tarim Basin poses a *** this paper,we apply the coupling and decoupling deformation theory in salt tectonics to analyze the No.7 fault mapped in the seismic datasets by the response characteristics of the Middle and Lower Cambrian *** quantifying the stratigraphic framework of the Middle and Lower Cambrian strata,we define the position of the salt layer with the seismic *** decoupling is observed in the Middle and Lower Cambrian sequences in the Shuntuoguole Low Uplift,while deformation coupling is observed in these two sequences in the Shaya Uplift.

关键词： Tarim Basin Salt tectonics strike-slip fault Structural analysis Seismic interpretation of decoupling zone

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Instability Analysis of strike-slip fault Based on Cusp Catastrophe Model

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2018年第1期12卷 19-33页

作者： Zaitie Chen WeiWang Dayang Li Shazhou Institute of Technology Zhangjiagang 215600China Yangzhou Vocational College Yangzhou 225009China Department of Engineering Mechanics Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

The distribution of many active faults in western China is an important reasonfor the frequent earthquakes. With the rapid development of the western region, manymajor projects have been built there and the existence of active faults is bound to have aninfluence on the safety of the engineering structure. Therefore, it is of great significanceto study the mechanism of fault slip instability for evaluating the geological stability ofthe region and for the site selection of major projects. In this paper, cusp catastrophetheory is used to establish a cusp catastrophe model with general softened form ofstrike-slip faults on the basis of strike-slip faults. In this model, the influence of thesoftening property of fault zone on fault instability is considered. Based on this model,the conditions of slip instability of strike-slip faults are derived and further the half-slipdistance, far-field displacement and energy release equation of sliding-slip fault arerevealed. The influences of the system stiffness ratio and the softening property of thefault zone on the half-wave displacement, the far-field displacement and the energyrelease are shown. Which lays a good foundation for further research on activefault-induced earthquake mechanism.

关键词： Cusp catastrophe model strike-slip fault semi-dislocation far field displacement

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Semi-analytical solution for mechanical analysis of tunnels crossing strike-slip fault zone considering nonuniform fault displacement and uncertain fault plane position

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第6期31卷 2116-2136页

作者： YANG Heng-hong WANG Ming-nian YU Li ZHANG Xiao School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610036China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geotechnics and Tunnelling Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610036China

The tunnel subjected to strike-slip fault dislocation exhibits severe and catastrophic *** existing analysis models frequently assume uniform fault displacement and fixed fault plane *** contrast,post-earthquake observations indicate that the displacement near the fault zone is typically nonuniform,and the fault plane position is *** this study,we first established a series of improved governing equations to analyze the mechanical response of tunnels under strike-slip fault *** proposed methodology incorporated key factors such as nonuniform fault displacement and uncertain fault plane position into the governing equations,thereby significantly enhancing the applicability range and accuracy of the *** contrast to previous analytical models,the maximum computational error has decreased from 57.1%to 1.1%.Subsequently,we conducted a rigorous validation of the proposed methodology by undertaking a comparative analysis with a 3D finite element numerical model,and the results from both approaches exhibited a high degree of qualitative and quantitative agreement with a maximum error of 9.9%.Finally,the proposed methodology was utilized to perform a parametric analysis to explore the effects of various parameters,such as fault displacement,fault zone width,fault zone strength,the ratio of maximum fault displacement of the hanging wall to the footwall,and fault plane position,on the response of tunnels subjected to strike-slip fault *** findings indicate a progressive increase in the peak internal forces of the tunnel with the rise in fault displacement and fault zone ***,an augmentation in fault zone width is found to contribute to a decrease in the peak internal *** example,for a fault zone width of 10 m,the peak values of bending moment,shear force,and axial force are approximately 46.9%,102.4%,and 28.7% higher,respectively,compared to those observed for a fault zone width of 50 ***,the

关键词： strike-slip fault tunnel engineering semi-analytical solution fault zone width nonuniform fault displacement uncertain fault plane position

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Yitong Graben:a Typical Petroliferous strike-slip fault Depression of China

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Journal of Earth Science 1993年第1期12卷 88-93页

作者： Chen Quanmao Zhang GuangyaChina University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074

Although Yitong graben appears in a rift basin region of Eastern China , it is really not a rift basin but a strike-slip depression . Its features are as follows : (1 ) graben is controlled by both east and west boundary fauns without any relationship with Mono discontinuity figure ; (2 ) there is no alkalic or calc-alkalic igneous rocks in the layer of early and middle period of graben development ; (3 )west boundary fault is a typical strike-slip fault with some what of arc along the strike , and the fault depression locates in the concave of the arc . East boundary fault is a syndepostional normal fault with translational motion ; (4 ) graben has a long and narrow shape with four sags and three bulges alternating each other ; (5 ) the cross section of graben is asymmetric , high in the east and low in the west ; (6 )the lithofacies changes are quite fast in the cross section . Unconfonnities exist in some area of graben ; (7 )the angle between fault 2 and west boundary fault is a acute angle directing the opposite trend of the west side motion of boundary fault ; (8 )the extensional rate of graben is about 12% , less than the rate in Huabei (19%) and Liaohe (20 %)rift basin.

关键词： depression strike-slip fault fault sag fault bulge extensional rate.

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The advance in obtaining fault slip rate of strike slip fault-A review

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Earthquake Research Advances 2021年第4期1卷 1-8页

作者： Jinrui Liu Zhikun Ren Wei Min Guanghao Ha Jinghao Lei State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of GeologyChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Seismic and Volcanic Hazards China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100029China

slip rate along the major active fault is an important parameter in the quantitative study of active *** is the average rate of fault slip during a certain period of time,reflecting the rate of strain energy accumulation on the fault *** cannot only be directly applied to evaluate the activity of the fault,the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis,but also important basic data for the study of ***,due to the nonstandardized process of obtaining fault slip rates for a given strike-slip fault,the results could be diverse based on various methods by different *** this review,we analyzed the main advances in the approaches to obtain fault slip *** found that there are four main sources affecting the final results of slip rate:the displacement along the fault,the dating of the corresponding displacement,the fitting of the displacement and corresponding dating results,and paleoslip *** main advances in obtaining fault slip rates are based on improving the reli-ability of the above four main *** obtain a more reasonable and reliable slip rate for a given fault,it is necessary to select a suitable method according to the specific situation.

关键词： slip rate strike-slip fault Active tectonics Monte Carlo Paleoslip analysis

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Characteristics of the Late Quaternary right-lateral strike-slip movement of Bolokenu-Aqikekuduk fault in northern Tianshan Mountains,NW China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2011年第4期2卷 519-527页

作者： Jun Shen Yipeng Wang Yingzhen Li Seismological Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830011 China Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China

The characteristics of the Bolokenu-Aqikekuduk（Bo-A） fault,a right-lateral strike-slip fault that runs for more than 700 km long and obliquely cuts North Tianshan Mountains,are evaluated here based on remote sensing data,and through an analysis of the results from field investigations as well as climate-geomorphic events. The fault is composed of a western segment with a NW strike and an eastern segment with a NWW *** western segment is nearly 250 km long,extending northwestward into Kazakhstan with a right-lateral strike-slip rate of 5 mm/*** domain consists of 4-5 rupture sections,with 3-4 deformation belts,caused by ancient or historical earthquakes,and suggesting the potential for the occurrence of further strong earthquakes（with M≈7.5） in future. The eastern segment of the fault shows a right-lateral strike-slip rate of 1-1.4 mm/a,with the development of 3-4 deformation belts caused by ancient or historical earthquakes,and with a potential for future strong earthquake with M≈7.0. A typical strain partitioning style in the compression area has developed between the intermontane BoA fault and the piedmont thrust structures of Northern Tianshan Mountains,under the effect of oblique compression,as indicated by the piedmont thrust structure and the strike-slip fault in the mountains.

关键词： strike-slip fault Bolokenu-Aqikekuduk fault Active tectonics Tianshan mountains

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Potential role of strike-slip faults in opening up the South China Sea

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National Science Review 2019年第5期6卷 891-901页

作者： Chi-Yue Huang Pinxian Wang Mengming Yu Chen-Feng You Char-Shine Liu Xixi Zhao Lei Shao Guangfa Zhong Graciano P.Yumul Jr State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth Science Tongji University Department of Earth Science Cheng Kung University Institute of Oceanography Taiwan University Earth and Planetary Sciences University of California School of Environmental Science and Management University of the Philippines Los Banos College

Radiometric dates of key rock units indicate that a remnant Late Mesozoic ocean of the Huatung Basin is still preserved today east of the South China Sea(SCS).We integrate regional geology with a Cretaceous oceanic basement in the vicinity of the Huatung Basin to reconstruct the Huatung Plate east of the Eurasian *** of geophysical investigations, four expeditions of deep-sea drilling and a renaissance of regional geology allow us to propose a hypothesis that the mechanism responsible for the SCS opening was raised from strike-slip fault on the *** hypothesis suggests that the SCS opening could highly relate to the strike-slip faults inherited from Late Mesozoic structures onshore–offshore the SE Cathaysia Block to develop rhombic-shaped extensional basins en echelon on the thinned Eurasian continental crust in the Early *** was followed by sinistral strike-slip movements along the boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Huatung Plate driven by oblique subduction of the Huatung Plate to the northwest coupled with slab-pull force by southward subduction of the Proto-SCS to open up the triangle-shaped oceanic East Sub-basin in the Early Oligocene(33/34 Ma).The spreading ridge then propagated southwestward in the step-over segment between the Zhongnan-Lile and the Red River strike-slip fault systems to open the triangle-shaped oceanic Southwest Sub-basin by 23 *** plate boundary fault was subsequently converted into the Manila Trench when the Eocene Sierra Madre arc of the Huatung Plate had moved from the south to its present latitude by the Middle Miocene.

关键词： South China Sea Huatung Basin Eurasian continent strike-slip fault plate boundary

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