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Maize-Soybean Integration for Managing striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth in the Sudan Savannah Zone of Ghana

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 1043-1060页

作者： Olivia Aguriboba Akanbelum Israel K. Dzomeku Julius Yirzagla Abdul-Karim Alhassan John Bokaligidi Lambon Abdul-Wahab M. Imoro Kwadwo Gyasi Santo St Vincent College of Education Yendi Ghana University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana CSIR-SARI P. O. Nyankpala Ghana CSIR-Head Office Accra Ghana C.K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana

Field experiments were conducted at Gore near Zebila in Bawku West District of the Upper East Region of Ghana during the 2015 and 2016 cropping season on four striga tolerant maize varieties in maize/soybean integration alongside maize monocrop as a means of managing the devastating effects of striga. The study determined the relative striga tolerance of the maize varieties in terms of yield and yield components, as well as the most effective intercrop for the reduction of striga seed bank. The treatment differences were not significant (p striga count and striga biomass. Similarly, yield components of maize such as height of cob attachment, cob length, cob weight, 100 seed weight, grain yield, as well as straw weight were not significantly affected by the treatments. There was no relativity of striga stress tolerance in terms of yield and yield components of the four maize varieties. All the entries efficiently tolerated the biotic stress of striga and further supported growth and grain yield equally. There was reduced S. hermonthica seed bank production in the soil in both cropping systems. The four maize varieties are proven tolerant materials to striga infestation and are therefore recommended for long-term striga seed bank depletion in the study area.

关键词： striga hermonthica Seed Bank Afayak Suicidal Germination

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Evaluation of Sorghum bicolor in Farmer Field for Resistance to striga hermonthica

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第6期4卷 449-453页

作者： Ndomian Nekouam Chadian Agronomic Research Institute for Development N'Djamena Chad

Sorghum bicolor is among main staple crops of Chad but it is commonly attacked by striga hermonthica. Assessment of sorghum varieties for resistance to this weed was carried out during three cropping seasons （2005-2008）, in controlled conditions; promising entries （those which fulfilled at least 75% of selection criteria） were evaluated in farmer field in 2008-2009 seasons. There were five sites （Bebedjia, Deli, Bekao, Koudoti and Ndaba）. The objective was to evaluate some sorghum entries for S. hermonthica resistance in farmer field. Sorghum test was composed of four entries in Fisher blocks as experimental designs, with five replications. Among different observed variables, there were striga plant count and weight of sorghum grains. One promising entry was selected at Bebedjia and Ndaba （53）, two at Deli and Koudoti （50 and 53）. No entry was selected at Bekao. Promising entries for the whole Southern zone of Chad were composed of 50 and 53. The best entry was 53 because it was promising in all sites except Bekao.

关键词： Evaluation farmer field resistanc Sorghum bicolor striga hermonthica

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Genotypic Variation for Low striga Germination Stimulation in Sorghum “Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench” Landraces from Eritrea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第17期7卷 2470-2482页

作者： Tadesse Yohannes Kahiu Ngugi Emanuel Ariga Tesfamichael Abraha Nasser Yao Pauline Asami Monday Ahonsi Department of Plant Sciences & Crop Protection Faculty of Agriculture College of Agriculture & Veterinary Sciences University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Hamelmalo Agricultural College (HAC) Keren Eritrea Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub Nairobi Kenya

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench), the second most important staple crop in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) after maize, is well adapted to marginal environments of drought stress and high temperatures. But besides drought stress, the obligate root-parasitic flowering plant striga hermonthica is an equally economically important biotic stress in agro-ecological zones where soils are marginal. Notwithstanding widespread and intense striga infestation, genetic variations in defence mechanisms against the parasite have been reported. Sorghum variants, producing low levels of chemical stimulants such as sorgolactones that deter the advance of striga seed germination and are therefore deemed resistant to the parasite, have been also reported in a few studies. But the existence of sorghum genetic variation for this resistance especially among farmers’ landraces is yet to be demonstrated. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the levels of striga germination stimulants in response to each of the 111 collected sorghum landraces and their progenies from Eritrea. The ability of a sorghum genotype to cause germination of a striga seed as a measure of the amount of the germination stimulant produced was used to assess the resistance of these accessions. The data were recorded as striga germination percentage by counting the number of germinated striga seeds. Landraces EG47, EG1261, EG830, EG1076, EG54 and EG746 with 14.68%, 15.32%, 11.85%, 13.05%, 15.74% and 16.5% germination percentages respectively were found to stimulate low levels of striga germination percentage compared to commercial checks, IS9830, SRN39, Framida, with 22.46%, 22.67%, 23.27% germination respectively. While these variants did not show complete resistance against striga seed germination, the low level production of stimulant indicated their high level of resistance to striga . These results implied that these accessions are likely potential sources of resistance against striga infestation in

关键词： Eritrea Landrace Sorghum striga hermonthica striga Germination Stimulants Seed Parasitic Plants

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