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Online Demand Response Characterization Based on Variability in Customer Behavior

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 936-946页

作者： Lester Marrero Daniel Sbárbaro Luis García-Santander the Department of Electrical Engineering University of Concepción IEEE

This paper proposes an online framework to characterize demand response(DR) over time. The proposed framework facilitates obtaining and updating the daily consumption patterns of customers. The essential concept of response profile class(RPC) is introduced for characterization and complemented by the measure of the variability in customer behavior. This paper uses a modified version of the incremental clustering by fast search and find of density peaks(CFSFDP) algorithm for daily profiles, considering the multivariate normal kernel density estimator and incremental forms of the Davies-Bouldin(i DB) and Xie-Beni(i XB) validity indices. Case studies conducted using real-world and simulated daily profiles of residential and commercial Chilean end-users have demonstrated how the proposed framework can continuously characterize DR. The proposed framework is proven to achieve realistic customer models for effective energy management by estimating the customer response to price signals at the distribution system operator(DSO) level.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Behavioral sciences streams Pricing Feature extraction Monitoring Kernel

Comparison of Bacterioplankton Communities in Three Heavily Polluted streams in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期24卷 140-145页

作者： HUANG Yi ZOU Li ZHANG ShuYing XIE ShuGuang College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Objective To compare the bacterioplankton communities in streams exposed to pollution of different types. Methods The bacterioplankton communities in three selected heavily polluted streams were investigated by using terminal‐restriction fragment length polymorphism （T‐RFLP） analysis in combination with 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. Results Both T‐RFLP and 16S rRNA gene clone library revealed a great difference in bacterioplankton community composition in the different streams. Conclusion This work might provide some new insights into bioremediation of heavily polluted streams.

关键词： Bacterioplankton community Terminal‐restriction fragment length polymorphism （T‐RFLP） streams Clone library

Variations in oxygen and some related pollution parameters in some streams in ITU Area of Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第1期12卷 77-82页

作者： Essien. D. Udosen (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria) University of Uyo 尼日利亚

The analyses of water from four tributaries of Ikpa River: Afaha Nsai Stream (ANS), Ikot Ekpuk Stream (IES), Afaha Itam Stream(AIS) and Nduetong Stream (NDS) in International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Local Government Area of Akawa Ibom State in Nigeria were carried out using standard analytical procedures. The parameters investigated were temperature(Temp.), hydrogen ion concentration(pH), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Correlation analysis carried out between pairs of variables showed that only the correlation coefficients between TDS and DO in ANS( p <0.05); Temp. and TDS in IES ( p <0.05) and between Temp. and TDS in AIS ( p <0.01) were significant. None of the pairs of the variables in NDS showed any significant correlation. The coefficients of variation for the parameters were also computed and used in determining their stability in the water. The possible effects of these variables on each other and on the aquatic ecosystem were discussed.

关键词： pollution parameters dissolved oxygen biochemical oxygen demand streams Nigeria CLC number: X522 Document code: A

Assemblage-based biomonitoring of freshwater ecosystem health via multimetric indices:A critical review and suggestions for improving their applicability

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第3期1卷 28-42页

作者： Robert L.Vadas Jr. Robert M.Hughes Yeon Jae Bae Min Jeong Baek Orestes Carlos Bello Gonzáles Marcos Callisto Débora ReisdeCarvalho Kai Chen Maria T.Ferreira Pablo Fierro Jon S.Harding Dana M.Infante C.J.Kleynhans Diego R.Macedo Isabela Martins Norman Mercado Silva Nabor Moya Susan J.Nichols Paulo S.Pompeu Renata Ruaro Deborah R.O.Silva R.Jan Stevenson Bianca de Freitas Terra Christa Thirion Douglas Ticiani Lizhu Wang Chris O.Yoder 2909 Boulevard Rd SEOlympiaWA98501-3971USA Amnis Opes Institute 2895 SE GlennCorvallisOR97333USA Department of Fisheries Wildlife&Conservation SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA Division of Environmental Science&Ecological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul02841South Korea National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment42 Hwangyeong-roSeo-guIncheon22689South Korea Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos1001Col.ChamilpaC.P62209CuernavacaMorelosMexico Departamento de Genética Ecologia e EvoluçaoInstituto de Ciências BiologicaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Ant^onio Carlos 6627CEP31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Departamento de Ecologia e Conservaçao Universidade Federal de Lavras37200-900LavrasMGBrazil State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utiliization in South China Sea Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China Forest Research Centre&Associate Laboratory TERRA University of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349-017LisbonPortugal Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnologicas Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile School of Biological Sciences University of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch8140New Zealand Department of Fisheries&Wildlife Michigan State University1405 South Harrison Road#318East LansingMI48823USA Department of Water Affairs and Forestry(retired) 8th Avenue 771Wonderboom South0084PretoriaSouth Africa Departamento de Geografia Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Antônio Carlos 6627CEP31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Instituto Guaicuy 109 Rua BrasopolisBelo HorizonteMG31150-170Brazil Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAvenida Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaC.P.62209CuernavacaMorelosMexico Instituto Experimental de Biología Universidad San Francisco Xavier de ChuquisacaSucreBolivia Centre for Applied Water Science Un

Freshwater biota are more comprehensive and direct indicators of biological impacts,and more meaningful to the public than water quality or physical habitat surrogates.Freshwater biotic data and the multiple biological indicators developed from them offer a much richer array of data for assessing the impacts of pollution controls than a limited set of physical or chemical measures.In recent decades,assemblage-based assessments by ecologists,environmental scientists,and water quality agencies have been employed globally for determining the condition of,and threats to,freshwater ecosystems.A key step in this advance has been the development of multimetric indices(MMIs)or indices of biotic integrity(IBIs)based on quantitative assessments of algae,macrophyte,macroinvertebrate,fish or riparian bird assemblages.In Europe,where biological assemblages are mandated for assessing freshwater ecosystem health,many indices are multimetric.However,the proliferation of MMIs globally has not always occurred through the application of rigorous study designs and monitoring protocols,nor have they always effectively incorporated functional metrics,stressor assessments,and statistical analyses.Therefore,in this review,we discuss eleven major concerns with the development and application(including logistical limitations)of multimetric indicators based on freshwater biota to encourage more rigorous and widely applicable(transferable)MMI use and implementation.Specifically,our concerns focus on reference conditions;sampling effort,methods,and season;trophic guild definition;metric comprehensiveness,options,screening and scoring;and MMI validation.MMIs could also benefit from increased attention to ecological mechanisms and metric development,to further improve our understanding of anthropogenic impacts as well as rehabilitation effects on freshwater ecosystems globally.Paying closer attention to study designs,ecological mechanisms and metric development should further improve our understanding of anthropogenic impacts and better facili

关键词： IBI MMI Fish Macroinvertebrates Algae streams Rivers Lakes Wetlands Biological monitoring

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UNIX系统V中的streams机制

计算机工程 1993年第5期19卷 7-11,67页

作者：尤晋元上海交通大学

streams机制是操作系统设计和实现中使用的一种重要新技术.本文说明这种机制的主要优点、它的基本结构和工作原理,包括:队列、消息、流首、模块、流量控制和基于流的管理等.

关键词：操作系统 UNIX streams

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streams机制及IP协议实现

软件学报 1995年第A1期6卷 253-257页

作者：胡彦莉鞠九滨

ＳＴＲＥＡＭＳ是ＵＮＩＸ操作系统中一种新的字符Ｉ／Ｏ机制，利用这种机制实现网络协议具有程序开发容易，可移植性好，易于集成的特点。本文阐述了关于ＳＴＲＥＡＭＳ的组成和原理的几个基本概念，给出了用ＳＴＲＥＡＭＳ实现ＩＰ协... 详细信息

ＳＴＲＥＡＭＳ是ＵＮＩＸ操作系统中一种新的字符Ｉ／Ｏ机制，利用这种机制实现网络协议具有程序开发容易，可移植性好，易于集成的特点。本文阐述了关于ＳＴＲＥＡＭＳ的组成和原理的几个基本概念，给出了用ＳＴＲＥＡＭＳ实现ＩＰ协议的总体设计，讨论了实现中的重要细节。

关键词： UNIX 操作系统 streams IP协议

Sedimentation in Mountain streams: A Review of Methods of Measurement

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Natural Resources 2013年第1期4卷 92-104页

作者： Lara B. Hedrick James T. Anderson Stuart A. Welsh Lian-Shin Lin Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown USA Division of Forestry and Natural Resources West Virginia University Morgantown USA US Geological Survey West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit West Virginia University Morgantown USA

The goal of this review paper is to provide a list of methods and devices used to measure sediment accumulation in wadeable streams dominated by cobble and gravel substrate. Quantitative measures of stream sedimentation are useful to monitor and study anthropogenic impacts on stream biota, and stream sedimentation is measurable with multiple sampling methods. Evaluation of sedimentation can be made by measuring the concentration of suspended sediment, or turbidity, and by determining the amount of deposited sediment, or sedimentation on the streambed. Measurements of deposited sediments are more time consuming and labor intensive than measurements of suspended sediments. Traditional techniques for characterizing sediment composition in streams include core sampling, the shovel method, visual estimation along transects, and sediment traps. This paper provides a comprehensive review of methodology, devices that can be used, and techniques for processing and analyzing samples collected to aid researchers in choosing study design and equipment.

关键词： Mountain Samplers Sediment streams

On the Solution of the Boundary Layer Equation for the Laminar Boundary Layer between Two Parallel streams

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Marine Science Bulletin 1999年第1期1卷 41-57页

作者： Li XinmingOcean University of Qingdao , Qingdao , 266003Zhen LiHorn Point Environmental Lab. University of Maryland System, Cambridge, MD

In the present paper it will be shown that, by taking the reference frame moving with the velocity of fluid at the interlace of two steady parallel streams, the laminar boundary layer flow in the two fluids can be decoupled into two flows. These are exactly the same as the laminar boundary layer flows along a flat plate. And that, by using the existing exact solution of the laminar boundary layer equation for the boundary layer flow along a flat plate and appropriate boundary conditions. An exact solution of the laminar boundary layer equation for the laminar boundary layer between two parallel streams with different densities,viscocities and velocities is given elegantly.For the cases considered by Lock, the results obtained by the present method are compared with Lock’s numerical calculations in detail.

关键词： boundary kyer parallel streams Blasius solution

Comparing Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in Forest and Urban streams of the Coastal Ecological Region of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Ecology 2019年第12期9卷 521-537页

作者： Fils Mamert Onana Serge Hubert Zebaze Togouet Antoine Arfao Tamsa Nectaire Lié Nyamsi Tchatcho Siméon Tchakonte Ernest Koji Armel William Yemtsa Yemeli Abigaelle Natacha Sandrine Mouto Makong Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Management Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory Saint Jerome Polytechnic Institute Saint Jerome Catholic University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

In this study conducted in the coastal zone of Cameroon, biological indices and functional feeding groups of benthic macroinvertebrates were used to assess the health status of two urban streams. For a better diagnosis, two streams located in coastal forest zone were used as a reference. Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled monthly over a 3-month period (from May to July 2017) in six urban stations and six forest stations. Measurements of the physicochemical variables were done simultaneously. Physicochemical analysis revealed that urban streams are strongly polluted with high content of decaying organic matters, while forest streams are slightly polluted as indicated by the Principal Component Analysis. Concerning benthic macroinvertebrates, urban streams are poorly diversified with the proliferation of taxa tolerant to water pollution and belonging to the functional feeding groups of collectors-gatherers. Inversely, forest streams are more diversified and dominated by sensitive taxa, most belonging to the functional feeding groups of predators and shredders. These marked differences between biological indices and feeding mode of benthic macroinvertebrates in forest and urban rivers confirm the reliability of benthic macroinvertebrates as good indicators of freshwater ecosystem in the coastal zone of Cameroon.

关键词： Urban and Forest streams Benthic Macroinvertebrates Water Pollution Biological Indices Functional Feeding Groups