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Molecular Markers Associated with starch content and Implications for Sugarcane Introgression Breeding Using Saccharum spontaneum

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第11期2卷 1127-1137页

作者： Marvellous Mabeza Zhou Andru Suman Collins Kimbeng South African Sugarcane Research Institute Mt Edgecombe Durban KwaZulu-Natal School of Plant Environmental and Soil Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Sugar Research Station LSU AgCenter St Gabriel Louisiana USA

Introgression with Saceharum spontaneum intended to broaden the genetic base of sugarcane resulted in an increase in desirable genes for broader adapt ability as well as undesirable genes for high starch content. Markers could provide a quick and efficient method of screening parental genotypes for low starch. The objectives of this study were to identify potential markers associated with starch in S. spontaneum population and evaluate their potential for screening for starch content. Data for starch content and （simple sequence repeats） SSR markers were collected from 51 S. spontaneum clones grown in replicated pots. The mixed procedure of statistical analysis system （SAS） was used to determine markers significantly associated with starch. Thirty-nine out of 357 polymorphic markers were significantly （P 〈 0.05） associated with starch content. Eighteen were positively associated and 21 were negatively associated. The presence of a positive marker produced 39% more starch than absence while the absence of a negative marker produced 57% more starch than presence. Selecting parents using negative markers may be more efficient than selecting using positive markers.

关键词： Molecular markers starch content introgression Saccharum spontaneum.

Conditional quantitative trait locus mapping of wheat seed protein-fraction in relation to starch content

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Conditional quantitative trait locus mapping of wheat seed p...

A glutathione S-transferase IbGSTL2 interacts with IbcPGM to increase starch content and improve starch quality in sweetpotato

2017年中国作物学会学术年会

作者：赵勇 Xiaoyun Li Xiaoying Ju Jie Wang Xuefang Yang Shuhua Zhang Jichun Tian 杨学举 Huabei Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Hebei Agricultural University Shandong Agricultural University

Protein and starch are important in wheat quality and *** understand the genetic relationship between protein and starch at the quantitative trait locus(QTL)/gene level,168 doubled haploid(DH)lines were used at three locations over 2 *** QTLs for protein-fraction contents and starch content were analyzed by unconditional and conditional QTL *** detected 17 unconditional additive QTLs(four albumin QTLs,three globulin QTLs,six gliadin QTLs,four glutenin QTLs)controlling protein-fraction *** detected 19 conditional QTLs(five albumin QTLs,three globulin QTLs,five gliadin QTLs,six glutenin QTLs) based on starch *** these QTLs,QAlu1 B,QGlo6 A,QGli1 B,QGli7 A,QGlu1 B and QGlu1 D increased the protein-fraction contents independent of the starch *** QTLs could regulate the usual inverse relationship between protein and starch in wheat *** results could possibly be used in the simultaneous improvement of grain protein and starch content in wheat breeding.

关键词： wheat(Triticum asetivum L.) protein-fraction contents starch content unconditional QTL conditional QTL

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The Crop Journal 2024年第6期12卷 1666-1676页

作者： Yue Fan Tianyu Chen Luyao Xue Huan Zhang Shaopei Gao Ning Zhao Shaozhen He Hong Zhai Qingchang Liu Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and UtilizationMinistry of EducationCollege of Agronomy&BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

A glutathione S-transferase(GST)gene IbGSTL2 was cloned and characterized from *** harbored a variation associated with starch content in storage *** of IbGSTL2 increased starch content and amylopectin proportion,decreased gelatinization temperature,and improved degree of crystallinity in sweetpotato storage roots,while its RNA interference resulted in the opposite ***2 physically interacted with IbcPGM,an enzyme of sucrose metabolism,and improve starch content and quality by regulating genes involved in starch biosynthesis.

关键词： IbcPGM IbGSTL2 starch content starch quality Sweetpotato

Natural variation of an autophagy-family gene among rice subspecies affects grain size and weight

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 121-132页

作者： Shiying Huang Peng Wang Caijing Li Qingwen Zhou Tao Huang Yicong Cai Qin Cheng Hui Wang Qi Zhong Zhihao Chen Liping Chen Haohua He Jianmin Bian Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Genetic BreedingMinistry of Education.Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045JiangxiChina Weill Cornell Medical Immunology and Microbiology1300 York AvenueBox 62New YorkNY 10065USA

Elucidating the genetic basis of natural variation in grain size and weight among rice varieties can help breeders develop high-yielding *** identified a novel gene,GW3a(Grain Weight 3a)(LOC_Os03g27350),that affects rice grain size and ***3a mutants showed higher total starch content and dry matter accumulation than the wild type(WT),Nipponbare,suggesting that GW3a negatively regulates grain size and ***,our study found that GW3a interacted with OsATG8 by cleaving it,suggesting that GW3a may be involved in the assembly of autophagosomes and starch degradation in *** haplotype analysis of GW3a showed functional differences between indica and japonica *** together,we conclude that GW3a is expressed in the autophagosome pathway regulating starch metabolism in rice,affecting yield-related traits,such as grain size,grain weight and thousand grain weight(TGW).Our findings also shed new light on autophagy-mediated yield trait regulation,proposing a possible strategy for the genetic improvement of high-yield germplasm in rice.

关键词： Grain size GW3a Autophagy starch content

Effects of Soil Salinity and Alkalinity on Grain Quality of Tolerant,Semi-Tolerant and Sensitive Rice Genotypes

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Rice science 2013年第4期20卷 284-291页

作者： P.SUREKHA RAO B.MISHRA S.R.GUPTA Central Soil Salinity Research Institute Kurukshetra University

Soil salinity and alkalinity adversely affects the productivity and grain quality of rice. The grain quality of 19 rice genotypes characterized as salt tolerant （T）, semi-tolerant （ST） and sensitive （S） was assessed in lysimeters containing saline and highly alkaline soils. Head rice recovery was reduced by salinity stress whereas it was not affected by alkalinity stress. The ratio of length to width （grain dimensions） was significantly reduced in the T genotype even at low electrical conductivity （EC, 4 mS/cm） and alkalinity （pH 9.5）, whereas in the ST genotype, it was significantly reduced at high salinity （EC 8 mS/cm）. There was no significant effect of any levels of salinity or alkalinity on grain dimensions in the S genotype. Amylose content was significantly reduced in T and ST groups even at low EC （4 mS/cm） and alkalinity （pH 9.5） and the effect in the S genotype was only at high salinity. starch content showed significant reduction at high salinity and alkalinity （EC 8 mS/cm and pH 9.8） in the T and ST genotypes and no significant effect was observed in the S genotype. The effect of both levels of salinity （EC 4 and 8 mS/cm） and high alkalinity （pH 9.8） on gel consistency was observed only in the S genotype. The tolerant genotypes IR36 under high salinity, and CSIR10 and CSR11 under alkali stress showed less reduction in amylose content. The T genotype BR4-10, and ST genotypes CSR30, CSR29 and CSR13 showed better gel consistency under saline and alkali stress. Amylose content was affected even at low salinity stress and thus important to be considered in breeding rice for salt tolerance. Overall, the grain quality of T and ST genotypes was less affected by saline and alkali stress compared to S ones.

关键词： alkalinity amylose content electrical conductivity gel consistency rice salinity starch content

Effects of Curing Techniques on starch contents of Leaves in Different Tobacco Parts with Varying Maturity Degrees

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第3期15卷 488-492页

作者：崔国民汪伯军许安定陈益银杨超罗以贵韩善红云南省烟草农业科学研究院云南昆明650201 重庆烟草科学研究所重庆400715 云南农业大学云南昆明650201

[Objective] The aim was to explore effects of different curing techniques on starch contents of tobaccos from different growth parts and with varying maturity degrees in order to reduce starch content of Yunnan tobacco. [Method] Compar- isons were conducted on tobaccos from upper, middle and down parts （immature, premature, mature and excessive mature） by low temperature and low humidity cur- ing technique, moderate temperature and moderate humidity curing technique, mod- erate temperature and high humidity curing technique to measure starch contents before and after curing. [Result] The results showed starch content of tobacco was increasing upon growth part. Low temperature and low humidity curing technique has poor effects on reduction of starch content; moderate temperature and moderate humidity curing technique improves starch content; moderate temperature and high humidity curing technique dramatically reduces starch content of tobaccos. [Conclu- sion] With consideration of tobacco appearance, inner quality and characters, moder- ate temperature and moderate humidity curing technique is recommended for tobac- co production.

关键词： Tobacco leaf Flue-curing technique starch content

Effects of Weak Light on starch Accumulation and starch Synthesis Enzyme Activities in Rice at the Grain Filling Stage

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Rice science 2006年第1期13卷 51-58页

作者： LI Tian Ryu OHSUGI Tohru YAMAGISHI Haruto SASAKI College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Ya＇an 625014 China Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences the University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku 113-8567 Japan

Dynamic changes of starch, amylose, sucrose contents and the activities of starch synthesis enzymes under shading treatments alter flowering were studied using two rice varieties IR72 （indica） and Nipponbare （japonica） as materials. Under shading treatments, the starch, amylose and sucrose contents decreased, while ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase （ADPGPPase） activity only changed a little, soluble starch synthase activity and granule bound starch synthase activity decreased, soluble starch branching enzyme （SSBE, Q-enzyme） activity and granule bound starch branching enzyme （GBSBE, Q-enzyme） activity increased, and starch debranching enzyme （DBE, R-enzyme） activity varied with varieties. Correlation analyses showed that the changes of starch content were positively and significantly correlated with the changes of sucrose content in the weak light. Both ADPGPPase activity and SSBE activity were positively and significantly correlated with starch accumulation rate. It was implied that the decline of starch synthase activities was related to the decrease of starch content and the increase of the activity of starch branching enzyme played an important role in the decrease of the ratio of amylose to the total starch under the weak light.

关键词： weak light starch content ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase starch synthase starch branching enzyme starch debranching enzyme rice

Environmentally Induced Under-Development of Seeds in Garden Pea and Its Underlying Factors

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 439-446页

作者： Akira Horibata Takuji Ito Masayuki Kotani Takahide Kawanishi Hiroshi Shinto Kazuyoshi Tsuji Shigeki Kusu Tsuneo Kato Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology Kindai University Kinokawa Japan Horticultural Experiment Center Wakayama Research Center of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries Gobo Japan

Under-development of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds in normally developed pods, resulting in “unfilled pods”, has been a serious problem in the greenhouse cultivation in Wakayama Prefecture, one of the major regions of pea cultivation in Japan. This phenomenon appears to be induced by low temperature and low solar irradiation during pea growing season. This study examined the relationship between this seed under-development and sucrose-to-starch metabolism in developing seeds and pods after flowering. The starch content, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) and sucrose synthase activities of a pea cultivar, Kishuusui, were monitored through seed development in shading-treatment plot and in control plot. Results showed that the present treatment induced the depression of starch accumulation and AGPase activity in developing seeds compared with control, which might cause the occurrence of under-development of seeds and unfilled pods. Surplus carbohydrates from source organs might be stored in pod walls, as expected from higher starch level and AGPase activity in treated pod walls. The necessity of thermostable AGPase variants in pea to prevent the unfilled-pod problem was discussed.

关键词： ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Low Irradiation Low Temperature starch content Sucrose Synthase Unfilled Pods

QTL mapping for nutrient contents of kernel in filling process based on a maize RIL

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QTL mapping for nutrient contents of kernel in filling proce...