检索结果-南通市图书馆

Combined Impact of Climate Change, Cultivar Shift, and Sowing Date on spring wheat Phenology in Northern China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第5期30卷 820-831页

作者： XIAO Dengpan TAO Fulu SHEN Yanjuna QI Yongqing Institute of Geographical Sciences Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050011 Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 Key Laboratory for Agricultural Water Resource Hebei Key Laboratory for Agricultural Water-Saving Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050021

Distinct climate changes since the end of the 1980s have led to clear responses in crop phenology in many parts of the world. This study investigated the trends in the dates of spring wheat phenology in relation to mean temperature for different growth stages. It also analyzed the impacts of climate change, cultivar shift, and sowing date adjustments on phenological events/phases of spring wheat in northern China （NC）. The results showed that significant changes have occurred in spring wheat phenology in NC due to climate warming in the past 30 years. Specifically, the dates of anthesis and maturity of spring wheat advanced on average by 1.8 and 1.7 day （10 yr）-1. Moreover, while the vegetative growth period （VGP） shortened at most stations, the reproductive growth period （RGP） prolonged slightly at half of the investigated stations. As a result, the whole growth period （WGP） of spring wheat shortened at most stations. The findings from the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator （APSIM）-wheat model simulated results for six representative stations further suggested that temperature rise generally shortened the spring wheat growth period in NC. Although the warming trend shortened the lengths of VGP, RGP, and WGP, the shift of new cultivars with high accumulated temperature requirements, to some extent, mitigated and adapted to the ongoing climate change. Furthermore, shifts in sowing date exerted significant impacts on the phenology of spring wheat. Generally, an advanced sowing date was able to lower the rise in mean temperature during the different growth stages （i.e., VGP, RGP, and WGP） of spring wheat. As a result, the lengths of the growth stages should be prolonged. Both measures （cultivar shift and sowing date adjustments） could be vital adaptation strategies of spring wheat to a warming climate, with potentially beneficial effects in terms of productivity.

关键词： adaptation climate warming sowing date spring wheat growth stages northern China

Root carbon consumption and grain yield of spring wheat in response to phosphorus supply under two water regimes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第7期15卷 1595-1601页

作者： GUAN Yu QIAO Zhen DU Jiu-yuan DU Yan-lei Department of Resource and Environmental Science Agronomy College Shihezi University State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem Institute of Arid Agroecology School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Institute of wheat Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences

In semiarid areas, cereal crops often alocate more biomass to root at the expense of aboveground yield. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate carbon consumption of roots and its impact on grain yield of spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） as affected by water and phosphorus （P） supply. A factorial design was used with six treatments namely two water regimes （at 80–75% and 50–45% ifeld capacity （FC）） and three P supply rates （P1=0, P2=44 and P3=109 μg P g–1 soil）. At shooting and lfowering stages, root respiration and carbon consumption increased with the elevate of P supply rates, regardless of water conditions, which achieved the minimum and maximum at P1 under 50–45% FC and P3 under 80–75% FC, respectively. However, total aboveground biomass and grain yield were higher at P2 under 80–75% FC; and decreased with high P application （P3）. The results indicated that rational or low P supply （80–75% of ifeld water capacity and 44 mg P kg–1 soil） should be recommended to improve grain yield by decreasing root carbon consumption in semiarid areas.

关键词： grain yield phosphorus supply rootcarbon consumption spring wheat water supply

Effects of zinc on cadmium uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.): long-time hydroponic study and short-time ^(109)Cd tracing study

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第7期6卷 643-648页

作者：赵中秋朱永官蔡运龙 College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

To investigate effects of Zn on Cd uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) in solution culture, long-time hydroponic experiment (1 month) (Experiment 1) and short-time Cd isotope (109Cd) tracing experiment (24 h) (Experiment 2) were conducted. In Experiment 1, spring wheat (cv. Brookton) was grown in nutrient solution at uniform cadmium concentration of 20μ mol/L and 10 zinc concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 μ mol/L). In Experiment 2, spring wheat seedlings,pre-cultivated in complete nutrient solution, were treated with 109Cd of uniform activity and the same series of Zn concentrations as those in Experiment 1 for 24 h. Cd concentrations in shoots and roots in Experiment 1 increased marginally but not consistently with Zn increasing at Zn rates of 1～200 μmol/L, and then decreased significantly at high rates (＞200 μ mol/L). In Experiment 2, the response of 109Cd activities in shoots and roots to increasing Zn was greatly similar to the response of Cd concentrations to Zn increasing in Experiment 1. The results of the two experiments indicated that the short-time and long-time exposure of spring wheat to Zn had similar effects on Cd accumulation.

关键词： spring wheat Effects of Zn Cd uptake ^109Cd tracing

Development of yield forecast model using multiple regression analysis and impact of climatic parameters on spring wheat

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第4期12卷 110-115页

作者： Purbasha Mistry Ganesh Bora Natural Resources Management North Dakota State UniversityFargoND 58102USA Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762USA

Understanding the impacts of climate change in agriculture is important to ensure optimal and continuous crop *** agricultural sector plays a significant role in the economy of Upper Midwestern states in the USA,especially that of North Dakota(ND).spring wheat contributes most of the wheat production in ND,which is a major producer of wheat in the *** study focuses on assessing possible impacts of three climate variables on spring wheat yield in ND by building a regression ***-five years of field data were collected and the trend of average minimum temperature along with average maximum temperature,average precipitation,and spring wheat yield was analyzed using Mann-Kendall *** study area was divided into 9 divisions based on physical *** minimum temperature plays an important role in the region as it impacts the physiological development of the *** trend was noticed for 6 divisions for average minimum temperature and average precipitation during growing *** and Southeast division showed the strongest increasing trend for average minimum temperature and average precipitation,***-central division had the most decreasing trend for average maximum temperature.A significant relationship was established between spring wheat yield and climatic parameters as the p-value is lower than 0.05 level which rejects the null *** regression model was tested for forecasting *** percentage deviation of error for the model is approximately±30%in most of the years.

关键词： yield forecast modelling multiple regression climatic parameters spring wheat

Relationship between Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Grain Yield in spring wheat Cultivated under Different Water Regimes

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第10期49卷 1497-1507页

作者： Xing Xu Hanming Yuan Shuhua Li Richard Trethowan Philippe Monneveux Ningxia University Yinchuan China750021 Ningxia Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology Academy of Agriculture and Forestery Sciences Yinchuan China750021 International Center for Maize and wheat Improvement A.P. 6-641 Mexico D.F. 06600 Mexico SupAgro Montpellier Montpellier Cedex France34060

In C3 plants, carbon isotope discrimination （A） has been proposed as an indirect selection criterion for grain yield. Reported correlations between A and grain yield however, differ highly according to the analyzed organ or tissue, the stage of sampling, and the environment and water regime. In a first experiment carried out in spring wheat during two consecutive seasons in the dry conditions of northwest Mexico （Ciudad Obregon, Sonora）, different water treatments were applied, corresponding to the main water regimes available to spring wheat worldwide, and the relationships between A values of different organs and grain yield were examined. Under terminal （post-anthesis） water stress, grain yield was positively associated with A in grain at maturity and in leaf at anthesis, confirming results previously obtained under Mediterranean environments. Under early （pre-anthesis） water stress and residual moisture stress, the association between grain A and yield was weaker and highly depended on the quantity of water stored in the soil at sowing. No correlation was found between A and grain yield under optimal irrigation. The relationship between A and grain yield was also studied during two consecutive seasons in 20 bread wheat cultivars in the Ningxia region （Northern China）, characterized by winter drought （pre-anthesis water stress）. wheat was grown under rainfed conditions in two locations （Guyuan and Pengyang） and under irrigated conditions in another two （Yinchuan and Huinong）. In Huinong, the crop was also exposed to salt stress. Highly significant positive associations were found between leaf and grain A and grain yields across the environments. The relationship between A and yield within environments highly depended on the quantity of water stored in the soil at sowing, the quantity and distribution of rainfall during the growth cycle, the presence of salt in the soil, and the occurrence of irrigation before anthesis. These two experiments confirmed the value of

关键词： carbon isotope discrimination drought salinity spring wheat yield.

Fertilization Management for Improving Quality Properties of spring wheat in Northeast China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第3期4卷 207-213页

作者： LIUXiao-bing ZHANGQiu-ying[ JINJian WANGGuang-hua SJHerbert NortheastInstituteofGeographyandAgroecology ChineseAcademyofSciencesHarbin150040P.R.China DepartmentofPlantandSoilSciences UniversityofMassachusettsAmherstMA01003USA

Fertilization management to improve quality properties of spring wheat cultivars has received little research attention inNortheast China. In this study, the effects of different fertilization management regimes on the quality properties of springwheat cultivar New Kehan 9 (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated for two years. The results showed that fertilizationconsistently increased wheat yield, and the highest yield was obtained with addition of N, P and NPK fertilizers. The NPKtreatment resulted in 50% more yield than the unfertilized plot. The average increases in protein content from NPK and NP atseeding + N at anthesis over no fertilization and NP fertilizers at seeding were 2.7% and 0.90% respectively. The highestprotein yields were achieved in NPK and NPK + N treatments, and the lowest protein yield was observed in the no fertilizertreatment due to both low protein content and grain yield. Fertilization increased gliadins content, but decreased gluteninscontent, thus the gliadins/glutenins ratios were higher in the fertilization treatments. The most obvious effect of fertilizationon kernel quality was the significant increase of hardness percentage. Although the dough rheological properties werenot strongly changed by fertilization, dry gluten and wet gluten were significantly increased, and the highest breadvolume and bread score were found in the NPK treatment in both years. The application of 3% urea at anthesis, or applying45 kg ha-1 of potassium sulphate at seeding, with urea and diammonium phosphate as basal applications, significantlyincreased protein yield and improved quality properties of this wheat *** words: Fertilization, Yield, Protein contents, Protein fractions, Quality, spring wheat

关键词： Fertilization Yield Protein contents Protein fractions Quality spring wheat

ACC and MACC Biosynthesis and Ethylene Production in Water-Stressed spring wheat

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Botanica Sinica 2002年第7期44卷 775-781页

作者：陈坤明宫海军陈国仓张承烈兰州大学生命科学学院

Changes of ACC and MACC levels, ACC synthase activity as well as ethylene production in the leaves of two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars 8139 (with relatively low drought-resistance) and 504 (with relatively high drought-resistance) during water stress were determined. The levels of ACC and MACC in both cultivars decreased in the first 24 It of water stress and increased in the second 24 It while the activities of ACC synthase increased continuously throughout the entire period of treatment (48 h), As water stress progressed, ethylene production decreased continuously in cv. 8139 but remarkably increased earlier and decreased later in the cv. 504. Moreover, the decrease in RWC of stressed leaves was greater and the changes in ACC and MACC levels as well as ACC synthase activity were higher in the drought-sensitive cv. 8139 than in the drought-resistant cv, 504 during water stress. The levels of ACC and MACC, activities of ACC synthase and productions of ethylene in the stressed leaves in two cultivars were significantly altered by the application of MGBG (an inhibitor of SAMDC) and AOA (an inhibitor of ACC synthase) where their effects on these items were almost opposite. They were increased by the former inhibitor but reduced by the latter. All of these results suggested that the level of ethylene production in plants did not depend on the level of ACC during water stress. The increase in the level of ethylene in the drought-resistant cultivar during the earlier period of water stress might be a phenomenon of adaptation to water stress and be correlated with the development of the drought-tolerance in plants and playing role in the transduction of stress signal. The role of MACC, however, was primarily in the regulation of ethylene production under water stress.

关键词： water stress spring wheat ethylene ACC synthase inhibitor

A Simplified Model with Soil Water Limitation on spring wheat Growth

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Botanica Sinica 2000年第5期42卷 512-517页

作者：郑海雷米谷俊颜黄子琛厦门大学生物系厦门361005 日本冈山大学生物资源研究所中国科学院兰州沙漠研究所兰州730000

The authors constructed a simplified model of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation (DMA) process which consisted of two independent variables, day length (L) and total daily radiation (TDR). Leaf water potential (Ψ) was incorporated into the simplified growth model based on the assumption that both light use efficiency (α) and CO 2 conductance of assimilation (g c) were depressed by water limitation. Finally,Ψ was estimated from a regression equation in which the independent variables were relative soil water content in the upper 80 cm (θ R,80 ), ambient temperature (T a), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), the cumulative leaf water potential below thresholds of -1.5 MPa (Ψ c,1.5 ). Some applications in research program of field experiment of atmosphere_land surface processes in Heihe River region were tested. The simulated data agreed well with the data observed at Linze oasis in 1989 for various levels of water supply and at Zhangye oasis in 1992 in the field. The analysis and simulation using the model demonstrated that the simplified growth model could describe very well the DMA process of spring wheat with and without water limitation in the region of HEIFE (Heihe field experiment).

关键词： spring wheat growth simplified model water limitation

The Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Photosynthetic Characteristics of spring wheat Leaves at the Jointing Stage

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Meteorological and Environmental Research 2010年第3期1卷 64-69,78页

作者：姚桃峰王润元王鹤龄赵鸿中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室甘肃兰州730020 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院甘肃兰州730070

In order to investigate the effect of acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat,spring wheat at the jointing stage was sprayed with simulated acid rain at different pH levels of 1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5 and 5.6,and then,the photosynthetic parameters of spring wheat leaf was *** results indicated that the pH value of simulated acid rain was positively and very significantly correlated with the net photosynthetic rate,stomata conductance,transpiration rate,water use efficiency and the chlorophyll relative content,whereas very significantly and negatively correlated with intercellular CO2 *** to acid rain,the net photosynthetic rate,stomata conductance,transpiration rate and the chlorophyll relative content decreased by 4.08%-67.04%,17.44%-58.44%,12.08%-48.08% and 12.16%-37.23% respectively,while intercellular CO2 concentration increased by 9.01%-14.29%.After simulated treatment with acid rain,the net photosynthetic rate had high significant positive correlation with stomata conductance,transpiration rate,water use efficiency,and the chlorophyll relative content,but high significant negative correlation with intercellular CO2 *** the same time,transpiration rate was observed to be very significantly and positively correlated to stomata conductance and chlorophyll relative content,being significantly and positively correlated with water use efficiency,and very significantly and negatively correlated with intercellular CO2 *** a word,the influence of simulated acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat leaf became more and more obvious with the increase of hydrogen ion concentration.

关键词： Simulated acid rain spring wheat Water use efficiency Photosynthetic characteristics China