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Transient and Steady spray Characteristics of Soybean Oil/2,5-Dimethylfuran Blended Fuel in an Underwater Stirling Engine

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2024年第2期29卷 216-229页

作者：王继刚乔信起周枫王林涛 School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Energy and Power Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430063China Zhejiang Marine Development Research Institute Zhoushan 316021ZhejiangChina Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute Shanghai 201108China

The reduction of oxygen consumption is a key factor to improve the energy density of underwater Stirling engine.A series of fundamental experiments are carried out to elucidate the spray characteristics of soybean oil/2,5-dimethylfuran(DMF)blended fuel in an underwater Stirling *** characteristics such as spray penetration,spray angle,spray area,and light intensity level under low injection and ambient pressures are obtained using image post-processing *** results show that the effects of injection pressure,ambient pressure,and nozzle diameter on the transient spray characteristics of underwater Stirling engine are similar to those of diesel ***,in the steady spray process,the injection pressure has little effect on spray near angle,and the spray far angle increases with the increase of the injection *** with the spray far angle at injection pressure of 3 MPa,the spray far angle at 5 MPa and 7 MPa increased by 11.38%and 18.14%*** addition of DMF can obviously improve the atomization of soybean oil/DMF blended *** spray angle of blended fuel in transient process increases with the increase of the DMF *** spray near angle has exceeded that of diesel(46.21°)when the DMF volume fraction exceeds 25%.The spray far angle is equivalent to that of diesel when the DMF volume fraction reaches 75%.Moreover,the spray with gas ejection no longer keeps conical,the droplet diameter distribution is more dispersed,and the droplet diameter is smaller.

关键词： spray angle steady spray soybean oil 2 5-dimethylfuran(DMF) Stirling engine

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spray Characteristics Study of Combined Trapezoid spray Tray

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2014年第3期16卷 104-110页

作者： He Liang Li Chunli Liu Jidong Xie Zhenshan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology

The spray behaviors of the combined trapezoid spray tray(CTST) have a significant effect on the gas-liquid interface. In this paper, the spray process of CTST in a column, 570 mm in diameter, was experimentally investigated by using a high-speed camera, and a theoretical model of the average droplet size was established according to the unstable wave theory. The results demonstrated that gas velocity passing through the hole is the key factor affecting the spray angle, which increases gradually with an increase in the gas velocity. When the gas velocity exceeds 7.5 m/s, the spray angle becomes stable at around 55°. The average flow velocity of the liquid sheet at the spray-hole increases significantly with an increase in the gas velocity, and decreases slightly with an increase in the liquid flow rate; moreover, it increases from the bottom of spray hole upward to the top. The density of liquid drops distribution in the spray area can be described by the RosinRammler function. In addition, the liquid drops are mainly concentrated in the area of spray angle ranging from 20° to 40°, and they gradually become uniform with the increase in the gas velocity and the liquid flow rate. The average liquid drop size deceases with an increase in the gas velocity, and increases slightly with an increasing liquid flow rate. In the normal working range, the average liquid drop size is about 1.0 mm to 2.5 mm in diameter.

关键词： CTST spray angle gas velocity distribution density average flow velocity of liquid sheet droplet size

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Droplet size and spray pattern characteristics of PWM-based continuously variable spray

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2009年第1期2卷 8-18页

作者： Deng Wei He Xiongkui Ding Weimin College of Science China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Engineering Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031China

A Pulse-Width-Modulation-based(PWM-based)continuously variable sprayer was developed using a proportional regulating solenoid *** flow-rate was obtained by varying the duty cycle of the actuating signal with 24 kHz ***-rate regulating ranges of the PWM-based continuously variable spray(*** turndown ratio responding to 100%-40%duty cycle)are 7.14:1,3.57:1,and 3.70:1 for flat-fan,hollow-cone and solid-cone nozzles,*** purpose of the study was to evaluate the PWM-based continuously variable *** method was to quantify the effects of flow-rate control on spray characteristics in terms of droplet size spectra,spray distribution patterns,and spray angle for flat-fan,hollow-cone,solid-cone *** all nozzles tested,spray distribution concentrated on the center of the spray field with the decrease of *** the spray shape is still *** sensitivities of the spray angles to flow-rate were 0.83,0.67,and 0.58(o)/%respectively for flat-fan,hollow-cone and solid-cone *** with the sensitivities of spray angle for PWM-based intermittent variable spray,they are somewhat *** flow-rate was reduced from the maximum(100%flow-rate)to the minimum controllable rate,the observed median diameter of spray droplets decreased by 5.4%,9.8%,and 9.9%for flat-fan,hollow-cone and solid-cone nozzles,*** indicates that spray droplet size was affected slightly by flow-rate control.

关键词： Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) continuously variable spray droplet size spray distribution pattern spray angle

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Prediction of atomization characteristics of pressure swirl nozzle with different structures

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第11期63卷 171-184页

作者： Jinfan Liu Xin Feng Hu Liang Weipeng Zhang Yuanyuan Hui Haohan Xu Chao Yang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

The structure of the pressure swirl nozzle is an important factor affecting its spray *** work aims to study pressure swirl nozzles with different structures by experiment and *** the experiment,10 nozzles with different structures are designed to comprehensively cover various geometric *** terms of simulation,steady-state simulation with less computational complexity is used to study the flow inside the *** results show that the diameter of the inlet and outlet,the direction of the inlet,the diameter of the swirl chamber,and the height of the swirl chamber all affect the atomization performance,and the diameter of the inlet and outlet has a greater *** is found that under the same flow rate and pressure,the geometric differences do have a significant impact on the atomization characteristics,such as spray angle and SMD(Sauter mean diameter).Specific nozzle structures can be customized according to the actual *** analysis shows that the spray angle is related to the swirl number,and the SMD is related to turbulent kinetic *** data fitting,the equations for predicting the spray angle and the SMD are *** error range of the fitting equation for the prediction of spray angle and SMD is within 15% and 10% *** prediction is expected to be used in engineering to estimate the spray performance at the beginning of a real project.

关键词： Pressure swirl nozzle Nozzle structure Numerical simulation spray angle Prediction

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Atomization characteristics of pyrolysis oil derived from waste tires

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 39-52页

作者： Hong Feng Zhitong Yin Qin Hong Yiming Hu Lintao Liu Jun Wang Qunxing Huang Yonggang Zhou ZJMI Environmental Energy Co. LtdHangzhou310003China Tongxiang Taiaisi Environmental Protection Energy Co. Ltd.Jiaxing314500China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Carbon Neutrality of Zhejiang Province Jiaxing Research InstituteZhejiang UniversityJiaxing314031China

The atomization characteristics play a key role in the highly efficient combustion of pyrolysis oil derived from waste *** this study,the fuel properties of tire pyrolysis oil(TPO)were initially studied,and then a high-speed camera and a phase Doppler particle analyzer were employed to characterize the atomization feature of *** influence of pressure and nozzle orifice diameter on atomization characteristics such as spray angle,droplet velocity,and droplet size distribution was *** results showed that TPO had a high calorific value of about 43.6 MJ/kg and a low viscosity of 3.84×10^(–6)m^(2)/s at 40℃,which made it have the potential to be used as an alternative *** pressure expanded the spray angle and extended the spray in both the axial and radial *** increasing pressure,spray angle and droplet velocity raised,and the increase in crushing effect of air reduced the Sauter mean diameter(SMD)of the *** obtain proper atomization quality for combustion,the pressure is expected to be higher than 1.25 *** increasing nozzle orifice diameter,droplet velocity increased,and the SMD of the droplets increased as well due to weakened crushing effect of the ***,the pressure must be increased to maintain the atomization quality when using a nozzle with a larger *** to the lower viscosity,the velocity and particle size distribution of TPO droplets after atomization were smaller than those of diesel *** extremely small carbon black contained in TPO also contributed to the breaking of droplets and played a certain role in the size reduction of the oil droplets,but it may cause the risk of nozzle *** summary,TPO showed great atomization characteristics for alternative fuel applications.

关键词： Pyrolysis oil Atomization characteristics spray angle Droplet velocity Droplet size distribution

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Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Rebound Optimization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2017年第2期113卷 203-218页

作者： Sadik Alper YILDIZEL Muhammet Ensar YIGIT Gokhan KAPLAN Karamanoglu MehmetBey UniversityFaculty of EngineeringCivil Engineering DepartmentKaraman/T URKEY Celal Bayar University Faculty of EngineeringCivil Engineering DepartmentManisa/TURKEY Kastamonu University Kastamonu Vocational SchoolKastamonu/TURKEY

Glass fibre reinforced concrete placement technique generates losses due to rebound effects of the already sprayed concrete *** concrete amount cause a significant difference between the initial mix design and emplaced mix *** from the structural differences,it comes with a cost increase which was resulted by the splashed concrete *** factors such as viscosity and quantity of mixes dominate this rebound amount in sprayed glass fibre reinforced concrete applications depending on production technologies and processes;however,this research focuses on the spray distance and the angle of the spray gun which mainly effects the rebound amount in glass fibre reinforced concrete *** paper aims to understand the required angle and distance for glass fibre reinforced concrete mixes having on-site plastic viscosity *** fibre reinforced mixtures were also modelled with a finite element method based software and,the analysis results were compared with production line *** of the analysis and on-site studies showed a decisive correlation between,discharge distance,discharge angle and the viscosity of the concrete.

关键词： Glass fibre glass fibre reinforced concrete finite elements method spray distance spray angle

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Experimental Research on Flash Boiling spray of Dimethyl Ether

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014年第4期13卷 416-421页

作者： Peng Zhang China Ship Development and Design Center Wuhan 430064 China

The high-speed digital imaging technique is applied to observe the developing process of flash boiling spray of dimethyl ether at low ambient pressure, and the effects of nozzle opening pressure and nozzle hole diameter on the spray shape, spray tip penetration and spray angle during the injection are investigated. The experimental results show that the time when the vortex ring structure of flash boiling spray forms and its developing process are determined by the combined action of the bubble growth and breakup in the spray and the air drag on the leading end of spray; with the enhancement of nozzle opening pressure, the spray tip penetration increases and the spray angle decreases. The influence of nozzle hole diameter on the spray tip penetration is relatively complicated, the spray tip penetration is longer with a smaller nozzle hole diameter at the early stage of injection, while the situation is just opposite at the later stage of injection. This paper establishes that the variation of spray angle is consistent with that of nozzle hole diameter.

关键词： dimethyl ether flash boiling spray high-speed digital imaging spray tip penetration spray angle vortex ring structure

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An experimental study on the atomization characteristics of the nozzle for the after-pot cooling of galvanized steel sheets

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Baosteel Technical Research 2010年第4期4卷 50-53页

作者： LIU Huafei1),XIANG Shunhua2)and MA Xinjian2)1)Auto Steel Division,Research Institute,Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201900,China2)Equipment Division,Research Institute,Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201900,China Auto Steel Division Research Institute Baoshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd. Shanghai 201900 China Equipment Division Research Institute Baoshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd. Shanghai 201900 China

Air-atomized fog cooling is particularly suitable for the after-pot cooling of galvanized steel *** air and water serving as working media,an experimental study was conducted on the atomization characteristics of a newly-developed cross-flow type of fog *** water flux distribution,spray angle and pressure of water and air were *** results show that the water droplet size was small and insensitive to the water flow *** spray angle was small and the water flow rate slightly affected the air pressure in the *** empirical correlation between the pressure in the chamber and the gas flow rate was obtained for the purpose of equipment design.

关键词： air-atomizing nozzle atomization characteristics spray angle

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