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The Aromatic Plant Satureja horvatiissp. macrophyllaInduces Apoptosis and Cell Death to the A549 Cancer Cell Line

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第13期6卷 2092-2103页

作者： Paraskevi Yfanti Anna Batistatou Georgios Manos Marilena E. Lekka Department of Agricultural Technology Technological Education Institute of Epirus Arta Greece Medical School University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Chemistry Department University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece

S. horvatii ssp. macrophylla (Lamiaceae) is an endemic aromatic plant of Greece and is used as a culinary herb. In the present study we explored its possible anticancer activity through the induction of apoptosis on cancer cells using A549 cell line as a model. The cytotoxic effects and the type of cell death (apoptosis/necrosis) were evaluated with biochemical and morphological criteria. The total methanol extract of S. horvatii ssp. macrophylla revealed forty two components, of which carvacrol was the major constituent (43.2%). Only a minor portion of them (3.41%) was contained in the active working plant extract solution which was used for cell treatment. This study indicates that extract of S. horvatii spp. macrophylla, which belongs to carvacrol chemotype, can induce both apoptosis and necrosis to A549 cancer cell line.

关键词： Satureja horvatii spp. macrophylla Apoptosis Cytotoxicity A549 GC/MS

Giving More Benefits to Biosurfactants Secreted by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Plantain Wine by Using Multiplex PCR Identification

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第11期9卷 917-930页

作者： Michaelle Bokamba Moukala Christian Aimé Kayath Gabriel Ahombo Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Duchel Jeanedvi Kinouani Kinavouidi Effort Concentré Nguimbi Mouélé Martin Diatewa Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (BCM) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Institut National de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Naturelles (IRSEN) Brazzaville Congo Ecole Normale Supérieure Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo

Fermented beverages have continued to give more surprises in terms of the presence of biomolecules and the diversity of microorganisms that may be contained. Republic of Congo is home to a panoply of fermented foods and beverages that are still not yet studied. This is the case of plantain wine fluently called banana wine. Within this framework, this work aims to study the role of Biosurfactant-like Biomolecules secreted during fermentation of plantain wine. Using MRS medium, 15 isolates bacteria have been found. 100% are able to secrete biosurfactant and 66.66% are extractible biosurfactants. 33% of isolates have been associated to Lactobacillus plantarum (Is2, Is9, Is12 and Is13) by using a one-step multi-plex PCR that targets genes encoding for bacteriocins. Biosurfactants secreted by L. plantarum play an important role in the preservation of banana wine. The biosurfactants extracted with chloroform and ammonium sulphate are able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria including Shigella flexneri, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphy-lococcus aureus.

关键词： Plantain Wine Fermented Beverage Lactobacillus spp. Multiplexe PCR Biosurfactants Pathogenic Inhibition

Changes in the Production of Salicylic and Jasmonic Acid in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum) as Response to Foliar Application of Biotic and Abiotic Inductors

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1785-1791页

作者： Esmeralda González-Gallegos Elan Laredo-Alcalá Juan Ascacio-Valdés Diana Jasso de Rodríguez Francisco Daniel Hernández-Castillo Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México

An alternative to the use of chemical fungicides is to enhance the defensive response of plants by appropriate stimulation, a phenomenon known as induction of resistance. The aim of this study was to determine the changes of endogen levels of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) in potato plants as response to foliar application of biotic and abiotic inductors. Treatments T1 = Best Ultra F (Bacillus spp. 108 cfu/mL and Pseudomonas fluorescens 108 cfu/mL) 0.5%, T2 = FullKover HF (microbial jasmonic acid 1500 ppm) 0.2%, T3 = T1 0.5% + T2 0.1%, T4 = Milor® (Chlorothalonil + Metalaxyl) 0.5% and T5 = control (water) were applied in potato plants. The application of biotic and abiotic inductors improved the SA and JA production in potato plants. The production of salicylic acid in potato plants was observed by application of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens (T1) and fungicide Milor® (T4). The application of T1 Best Ultra F, T2 FullKover HF (microbial JA), T3 (T1 + T2) and T4 Milor® improved the JA production in potato plants.

关键词： Salicylic Acid Jasmonic Acid Bacillus spp. Pseudomonas fluorescens

Frequency of Emerging Parasites in HIV/AIDS and Oncological Patients Stool by Coprological and Molecular Analysis

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 162-171页

作者： Enedina Jiménez-Cardoso Leticia Eligio-García Apolinar Cano-Estrada Adrian Cortés-Campos Aurora Medina-Sansón Diana Molina-Martínez Children Hospital of Mexico Mexico City Mexico

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of emerging parasites in two groups of immunosuppressed patients, including individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) (HIV) or having acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with or without diarrhea. Stool samples were collected from 96 HIV and 77 ALL patients from March 2010 through December 2011. Screening for opportunistic parasites was carried out by the coproparasitoscopic Faust method, Ziehl Neelsen staining, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results showed that 22.9% of HIV fecal samples were positive for emerging parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (7.3%), Microsporidium spp. (5.2%), Isospora belli (1.0%), Giardia intestinalis (2.6%), and Cyclospora spp. (7.3%). On the other hand, 32.5% of ALL fecal samples were positive for emerging parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (9.1%), Microsporidium spp. (19.5%), Isospora belli (1.3%), and Giardia intestinalis (2.6%). Our results highlighted the need for specific, efficient, and reliable diagnostic methods to identify the presence of emerging parasites in immunocompromised patients susceptible to different infectious diseases or neoplastic processes and avoid the consequences for the host as an increased disease rate, alterations in the clinical manifestation of the infection or even exacerbation of its course.

关键词： Leukemia HIV Emerging Parasites Microsporidium Cryptosporidium spp. Giardia Intestinalis Cyclospora Isospora Belli

Microbiological Quality, Transmission of Resistant Bacteria, and Genetic Characterization in Fish Sold in Town Fairs in the Recôncavo da Bahia Region, Brazil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1072-1084页

作者： Sanmily Santos Damacena Ludmilla Santana Soares e Barros Center of Environmental and Biological Agrarian Sciences UFRB Cruz das Almas Brazil

Informal fish marketing is an important source of food and income for many families. However, it is also a public health issue, since the quality of fish can be compromised during marketing. The microbiological quality of fish sold in town fairs in the municipalities of the Bahia Reconcavo region, Brazil, was assessed to characterize isolates based on antimicrobial susceptibility and to investigate gene virulence. Samples of mullets (Mugil sp.), mussels (Mytella sp.), and mollusks (Anomalocardia brasiliana) were collected in town fairs in the municipalities of Cachoeira, Cruz das Almas, and Santo Ant ?nio de Jesus. The presence of mesophylls, molds and yeasts, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated. E. coli and S. aureus isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests and the presence of the gene stx in E. coli isolates was investigated. Total coliforms and S. aureus ranged between 0 and 9.50 log CFU/g, while high counts of mesophylls, molds, and yeasts were detected. E. coli had greater resistance (76.8%) to amoxicillin and S. aureus had greater sensitivity to gentamicin. The stx gene was not identified in any of the samples studied. Results showed that some fish sold in the town fairs of the three municipalities possessed unsatisfactory microbiological quality, which may pose risks to consumer health, and may be vectors for the dissemination of bacteria resistant to different antimicrobial agents.

关键词： Mugil brasiliensis Mytella spp. Anomalocardia brasiliana Resistance Virulence

Antibacterial Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Extraction of Bacteriocin Protein

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 49-59页

作者： Rabiul Islam Md. Nur Hossain Md. Khasrul Alam Md. Ekhlas Uddin Mehadi Hasan Rony Md. Abu Sayeed Imran Md. Firoz Alam Divisional DNA Screening Laboratory Faridpur Medical College Hospital Ministry of Women & Children Affairs Faridpur Bangladesh Industrial Microbiology Laboratory Institute of Food Science & Technology Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial research Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Islamic University Kushtia Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Gono Bishwabidyalay Dhaka Bangladesh

Biopreservation systems in foods are of increasing interest for industry and consumers. Bacteriocin producing Lactobacillus spp. is considered Generally Recognize as Safe (GRAS), useful to control the fast development of pathogens and spoiling microbes in food and feed. Lactobacillus spp. was isolated from traditional winter fermented vegetable cucumber & carrot by the use of selective media. Especially De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) Agar media were used to isolate the Lactobacillus species. Morphologically identified by gram staining & colony morphology. Biochemically recognized by catalase, oxidase, MRVP & carbohydrate fermentation test. Antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus spp. was confirmed by Well Diffusion Method. Molecular characterization of bacteriocin protein and molecular weight determined by SDS PAGE method. The isolate was found to be facultative anaerobic, Gram positive, and catalase negative. The result of antimicrobial activity measured by the Arbitrary Unit (AU/ml) of zone of the inhibition. Six isolates found from the sample but most activities exhibited isolate 4 against Bacillus megaterium (55 mm) zone of diameter. The molecular weight of the washed bacteriocin was calculated to be about 40 kDa (Isolate 1) and 15 kDa & 30 kDa (Isolate 5). Bacteriocin protein reduces chemical preservatives and uses in future as biopreservative in food industry.

关键词： Lactobacillus spp. Bacteriocin Antimicrobial Activity SDS PAGE Biopreservative

Decision Trees as a Tool to Select Sugarcane Families

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第2期9卷 216-230页

作者： Luiz A. Peternelli Diego P. Bernardes Bruno P. Brasileiro Marcio H.P. Barbosa Raphael H. T. Silva Department of Statistics Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Brazil Department of Crop Science and Phytosanitary Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil Department of Crop Science Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Brazil

New strategies are required in the sugarcane selection process to optimize the genetic gains in breeding programs. Conventional selection strategies have the disadvantage of requiring the weighing of all the plants in a plot or a sample of stalks and the counting of the number of stalks in all the experimental plots, which cannot always be performed because more than 200,000 genotypes routinely comprise the first test phase (T1) of most sugarcane breeding programs. One way to circumvent this problem is to use decision trees to rank the yield components (the stalk height, the stalk diameter and the number of stalks) and to subsequently use this categorization to select the best families for a specific trait. The objective of this study was to evaluate the categorization of yield components using the classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm as a family selection strategy by comparing the performance of CART with those of conventional methods that require the weighing of stalks, such as the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) with sequential (BLUPS) or individual simulated (BLUPIS) procedures. Data from five experiments performed in May 2007 in a randomized block design were analyzed. Each experiment consisted of five blocks, 22 families and two controls (commercial varieties). CART effectively defined the classes of the yield components and selected the best families with an accuracy of 74% compared to BLUPS and BLUPIS. Families with at least 11 stalks per linear meter of furrow resulted in productivities that were above the average productivity of the commercial varieties used in this study and are, therefore, recommended for selection.

关键词： Statistical Learning Plant Breeding Saccharum spp. Synthetic Data Supervised Learning

Dual-Use Bioenergy-Livestock Feed Potential of Giant Miscanthus, Giant Reed, and Miscane

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第1期8卷 97-112页

作者： David M. Burner Amanda J. Ashworth Daniel H Pote Jim R. Kiniry David P. Belesky James H. Houx III Paul Carver Felix B. Fritschi US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center Booneville AR USA US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Poultry Production and Products Safety Research Fayetteville AR USA Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory USDA ARS Temple TX USA West Virginia University Plant & Soil Sciences Morgantown WV USA Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO USA New Energy Farms Leamington Canada

High yielding perennial grasses could integrate bioenergy-livestock operations, thereby, offsetting diversions of cropland to lignocellulosic crops, but research is needed to determine chemical composition and digestibility of leaf and stem fractions that might affect downstream reside uses. The objective of this study was to compare feedstock quality of leaf and stem tissues of dedicated bioenergy feedstocks: giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus), giant reed (Arundo donax), and miscane (Saccharum hybrid × Miscanthus spp.) when grown with or without supplemental irrigation on an upland site. Three species were space-planted on a silt loam soil in March 2007 and harvested prior to the first freeze in plant-cane, first ratoon, and second-ratoon crops for three years. Giant miscanthus leaf tissue had greatest acid detergent lignin and cellulose, and lowest concentrations of nitrogen (N) and total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in ratoon crops. Giant reed leaf tissue had greatest concentrations of in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDMD), TNC, and N (P ≤ 0.05). Conversely, miscane stem tissue had greatest concentrations of IVDMD, TNC, hemicellulose, and low dry matter and combustible energy (P ≤ 0.05). Results suggest all species’ residue has positive feedstock attributes for thermochemical bioenergy conversion, and albeit giant miscanthus has very little potential value as fodder. Miscane stem and giant reed leaf tissue have potential value as livestock feed, although giant reed is not currently recommended for planting. Further research is needed on dietary composition, acceptability, voluntary intake, and live weight gain before any of these species are recommended as livestock feed sources.

关键词： Arundo donax Invasive Species Miscanthus × giganteus Agricultural Residue Nutritive Value Saccharum spp. Hybrid Tissue Components Thermochemical Conversion Feedstock Traits

An Attempt to Classify Gram-Stained Vaginal Smears with a Nugent Score of 4 into Four Bacterial Morphotypes at First Prenatal Visit

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第3期10卷 60-71页

作者： Satoshi Shimano Atsushi Yasuda Takashi Ogaya Sachiko Miura Hideaki Negishi Masahiro Mizunuma Tsuyoshi Saito Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nakashibetsu Municipal Hospital Nakashibetsu Hokkaido Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Hokkaido Japan Clinical laboratory Kitami Red Cross Hospital Kitami Hokkaido Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kitami Red Cross Hospital Kitami Hokkaido Japan

It is controversial whether universal screening for bacterial vaginosis (BV) should be done in the early stages of pregnancy in order to prevent preterm birth. In particular, whether the intermediate vaginal flora type should be included in the group to be treated for BV. This vaginal smear type is a mixture of Lactobacillus and Gardnerella or Bacteroides spp. We examined three vaginal flora types, excluding the mixed-type, with a Nugent Score of 4 and evaluated their significance in achieving term delivery. The subjects were pregnant women who were examined at our Hospital between June 2009 and December 2010. Their vaginal swabs were taken at their first prenatal visit and were studied by Gram staining. The resulting Nugent Score 4 organisms were further classified into the following four types: mixed-type, gram-positive cocci type, Bifidobacterium type, and non-bacterial type. The clinical courses for all the types except “mixed-type” were followed-up. Among the 566 pregnant women, 58 (10.2%) had a Nugent Score of 4. There were 38 cases of mixed-type (65.5%), 3 cases of gram-positive cocci type (5.2%), 10 cases of Bifidobacterium type (17.2%), and 7 cases of non-bacterial type (12.1%). The three women with the gram-positive cocci type attained successful term delivery despite two of them experiencing GBS infection and requiring treatment with penicillin and tocolytics. Among the 10 cases of Bifidobacterium type, 5 cases were term delivery with no therapy, 3 cases were term delivery with metronidazole treatment and 2 cases were preterm birth with maternal complications. Among the 7 cases of non-bacterial type, 6 cases were diagnosed with preterm PROM, and 5 of them resulted in preterm birth despite prophylactic antibiotic therapy. Classification of smears with a Nugent score of 4 into four bacterial morphotypes may be effective, for required treatment may vary depending on the morphotype.

关键词： Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) Nugent Score 4 Pregnancy GBS (Group B Streptococcus) Bifidobacterium spp.