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Baseball pitching kinematics,joint loads,and injury prevention

Journal of sport and Health Science 2012年第2期1卷 80-91页

作者： Sakiko Oyama Interdisciplinary Program of Human Movement Science Department of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

There is a need for the prevention of upper extremity injuries that affect a large number of competitive baseball *** available evidence alludes to three possible ways to prevent these injuries:1) regulation of unsafe participation factors,2) implementation of exercise intervention to modify suboptimal physical characteristics,and 3) instructional intervention to correct improper pitching *** these three strategies,instruction of proper pitching technique is under-explored as a method of injury ***,the purpose of this review was to explore the utility of pitching technique instruction in prevention of pitching-related upper extremity injuries by presenting evidence linking pitching technique and pitching-related upper extremity injuries,as well as identifying considerations and potential barriers in pursuing this approach to prevent *** kinematic parameters measured using laboratory-based motion capture system have been linked to excessive joint loading,and thus pitching-related upper extremity *** we gain more knowledge about the influence of pitching kinematics on joint loading and injury risk,it is important to start exploring ways to modify pitching technique through instruction and feedback while considering the specific skill components to address,mode of instruction,target population,duration of program,and ways to effectively collaborate with coaches and parents.

关键词： Athletic training Baseball Instruction Intervention Pitching biomechanics sport medicine

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Injury rate,mechanism,and risk factors of hamstring strain injuries in sports:A review of the literature

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Journal of sport and Health Science 2012年第2期1卷 92-101页

作者： Hui Liu William E.Garrett Claude T.Moorman Bing Yu sports Biomechanics Laboratory College of Human Movement Science Beijing Sport University sports medicine Center Duke University Center for Human Movement Science The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Hamstring strains are one of most common sports *** purpose of this literature review is to summarize studies on hamstring strain injury rate,mechanism,and risk factors in the last several decades with a focus on the prevention and rehabilitation of this *** injury commonly occurs in sporting events in which high speed sprinting and kicking are frequently performed,such as Australian football. English rugby,American football,and *** science studies have demonstrated that a muscle strain injury occurs due to excessive strain in eccentric contraction instead of force,and that elongation speed and duration of activation before eccentric contraction affect the severity of the *** strain injury is likely to occur during the late swing phase and late stance phase of sprint *** optimum muscle length,lack of muscle flexibility,strength imbalance,insufficient warm-up,fatigue,lower back injury,poor lumbar posture,and increased muscle neural tension have been identified as modifiable risk factors while muscle compositions,age,race,and previous injuries are non-modifiable risk *** theoretical basis of some of these risk factors,however,is lacking,and the results of clinical studies on these risk factors are *** studies are needed to establish the cause-and-effect relationships between those proposed risk factors and the injury.

关键词： Hamstring injury Mechanism Prevention Rehabilitation sport medicine

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