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Effect of Soil Properties on Tree Distribution across an Agricultural Landscape on a Tropical Mountain, Tanzania

Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第5期6卷 264-276页

作者： Mathayo Mpanda Mathew Amos E. Majule Fergus Sinclair Rob Marchant World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Dar es Salaam Tanzania Institute of Resource Assessment University of Dar es Salaam Tanzania World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems Environment Department University of York York UK

Distribution of tree species can result in many factors including environmental variables, biotic interaction and management. Better understanding of these interacting factors is crucial in planning management interventions especially in managed landscapes: this study on the effect of soil properties on tree species distribution in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania will aid in this. Standard tree inventory procedures and soil sampling techniques were used to survey 48 plots from altitudinal level of 680 to 1690 m a.s.l. along 25 km long transect. All trees ≥ 5 cm at DBH were recorded, while soils were sampled from top and subsoils (0 - 20 and 21 - 50 cm depths). Tree species distribution index was assessed through abundance and frequency, while species interaction with environmental variables was assessed using Detrended Correspondence Analysis. Distribution index indicated that 77% of tree species were categorized as rare, while 10% and 13% were categorized as occasional and abundant respectively. Soil organic carbon and moisture content have shown high correlation with tree species (r > 0.8, p species distribution: suitability of tree species were influenced by soil properties across the land use systems which exhibited different soil types. Different tree species communities correspond differently with soil properties between the land use systems. Fewer tree species spread in the lowland, which is known to have saline soils. Therefore, despite intensive human management of the landscape, tree species indicated distribution patterns in line with the soil properties.

关键词： species communities Trees on Farm Agroforestry Soil and Tree Interactions

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