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China City Planning Review 2017年第4期26卷 65-74页

作者： Xue Desheng Liang Jiajian Huang Gengzhi Liu Jinxin School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Institute of Geography

Transnational organizations refer to governmental and non-governmental organizations engaged in transnational behaviors,which are important carriers of political globalization.Given the wave of world city studies sweeping the academia worldwide,transnational organizations have attracted increasing attentions.Through a review of existing research,an analysis of historical archive and interviews,and the application of space syntax,this paper examines the development process and characteristics of spatial distribution of transnational organizations in Guangzhou since the founding of P.R.China.It divides the development process of transnational organizations in Guangzhou into three stages: budding period,starting period,and developing period.In this process,the number of organizations and related types increased sharply,and the business was much extended.Along with the eastward shift of the city center,the distribution center of transnational organizations consequently moved to the east,indicating their location characteristics of geographical centrality and proximity to major globalized spaces.The spatial distribution of transnational organizations shows: proximity to city center or high-level transportation center; demands for security,communication,and notability of geographical position; locations of different types of organizations owning different levels of integration value; organizations of specific functions prefer urban districts with related functions.

关键词： globalization transnational organization spatial distribution space syntax integration value Guangzhou

spatial distribution and Formation Mechanism of Chinese Folk Song Cultural Landscape Genes

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Journal of Landscape Research 2016年第4期8卷 93-97页

作者： WANG Fang FANG Yelin Anhui Sanlian University School of Business Anhui University

Folk song as a representative of traditional Chinese folk culture is the expression of landscape culture in a certain regional space.According to landscape gene theory,gene structure of folk song cultural landscape was recognized from two dimensions:subject form and cultural environment,and quantitative data were combined to analyze spatial distribution features of folk song cultural landscape genes.According to the analysis,in terms of style,work song is mainly distributed on plains,mountain song is distributed in mountainous areas,and ditty in the eastern watershed of the Yangtze River,in terms of theme,work and production folk songs are mainly distributed in eastern regions with intensive farming,while love and marriage folk songs in regions far away from the Central Plain Culture.Folk song cultural landscape is a result of the interaction between man and geographical conditions,residents in different geographical environments have different perception spaces to create folk songs with regional cultural symbols.

关键词： Folk cultures Landscape gene spatial distribution Mechanism

Comparing different spatial interpolation methods to predict the distribution of fishes:A case study of Coilia nasus in the Changjiang River Estuary

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第8期40卷 119-132页

作者： Shaoyuan Pan Siquan Tian Xuefang Wang Libin Dai Chunxia Gao Jianfeng Tong College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center Shanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploitation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 201306China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 201306China

spatial-temporal distribution of marine fishes is strongly influenced by environmental factors.To obtain a more continuous distribution of these variables usually measured by stationary sampling designs,spatial interpolation methods(SIMs)is usually used.However,different SIMs may obtain varied estimation values with significant differences,thus affecting the prediction of fish spatial distribution.In this study,different SIMs were used to obtain continuous environmental variables(water depth,water temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen(DO),p H,chlorophyll a and chemical oxygen demand(COD))in the Changjiang River Estuary(CRE),including inverse distance weighted(IDW)interpolation,ordinary Kriging(OK)(semivariogram model:exponential(OKE),Gaussian(OKG)and spherical(OKS))and radial basis function(RBF)(regularized spline function(RS)and tension spline function(TS)).The accuracy and effect of SIMs were cross-validated,and two-stage generalized additive model(GAM)was used to predict the distribution of Coilia nasus from 2012 to 2014 in CRE.DO and COD were removed before model prediction due to their autocorrelation coefficient based on variance inflation factors analysis.Results showed that the estimated values of environmental variables obtained by the different SIMs differed(i.e.,mean values,range etc.).Cross-validation revealed that the most suitable SIMs of water depth and chlorophyll a was IDW,water temperature and salinity was RS,and p H was OKG.Further,different interpolation results affected the predicted spatial distribution of Coilia nasus in the CRE.The mean values of the predicted abundance were similar,but the differences between and among the maximum value were large.Studies showed that different SIMs can affect estimated values of the environmental variables in the CRE(especially salinity).These variations further suggest that the most applicable SIMs to each variable will also differ.Thus,it is necessary to take these potential impacts into consideration when studying the relationship between the spatial d

关键词： the Changjiang River Estuary marine environmental factors spatial interpolation method Coilia nasus spatial distribution

A new method of measuring the spatial distribution of depletion fractionof silane plasma by mass spectrometer

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Chinese Physics B 2005年第7期14卷 1413-1417页

作者：王照奎林揆训林璇英邱桂明祝祖送 DepartmentofPhysics ShantouUniversityShantou515063China

A newly established movable sampling apparatus of mass spectrometer is used to measure the spatial distribution of depletion fraction of silane plasma. A straight-line fit method of deducing the depletion fraction of silane is proposed.Theoretical analysis and test results demonstrate that the proposed new method is universal and more accurate than the existing one. There exist a largest peak near the middle of two electrodes and two peaks near the electrodes in the spatial distribution of silane depletion fraction, which are related to the distribution of electric field and the silane plasma sheaths.

关键词： movable sampling apparatus of mass spectrometer spatial distribution straight-line fit depletion fraction of radio frequency (rf) glow discharge

distribution of Atmospheric Pollution in Southern Benin

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2024年第1期13卷 23-55页

作者： Dossou-Gbete Sèdami Codjo Joël Kpadonou Dominique Gbaguidi An Magloire Elegbede Vitalique Saizonou Kpèssou Virtus Mickael Youssao Abdou Karim Alassane Dovonon Firmin Léonce Vodounnon Armand Doctoral School of Exact and Applied Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Ecotoxicology and Quality Study Research Unit Applied Chemistry Study and Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes (GC-P) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Africa Synergy Group Plus Cotonou Benin

This study focuses on air quality in southern Benin in order to show public authorities what the Beninese populations are exposed to for efficient decision-making. Two sampling campaigns were carried out, one in the wet period and the other in the dry season. The measurements were taken using a monitor called an “Air Quality Monitor”. For data processing, the multiple comparison methods of Dun (1961) and the Wilcoxon test were used. To maintain legitimacy, all spatial data were included in the official cartographic repository of Benin: WGS 1984, Transverse Mercator Universe Projection (UTM), Zone 31 North. The Moran statistic was used to measure the levels of spatial autocorrelation of the variables studied and to test the significance. In order to locate the spatial subsets, the local spatial association indices of Anselin Local Moran and Getis-Ord, Gi* were used. In terms of results, on the 13 monitoring sites and the 8 parameters chosen to determine air quality, we do not note any significant inter-seasonal difference. Of the eight parameters, only three parameters present spatial autocorrelation leading to predictions of ambient air quality over the entire study area based on the distance separating the points, namely, PM2.5, PM10 and ambient air quality index (AQI). The localities affected by atmospheric pollution in South Benin are located in the south-western part of Benin, headed by Cotonou, which is heavily polluted by CO2, TCOV, PM10 and PM2.5.

关键词： spatial distribution Atmospheric Pollutants Southern Benin

The spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Meteorological Disasters in the Southwest Region of Zhejiang Province during 1953-2022

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 16-27页

作者： Qi Zhang Yifan Wang Zhidan Zhu Hongxia Shi Wenhao Yang Shujie Yuan Longyou Meteorological Administration Quzhou China School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu China

Meteorological disasters are some of the most serious and costly natural disasters, which have larger effects on economic and social activity. Liuchun Lake is an ecotourism area in the southwest region of Zhejiang province, where also has experienced meteorological disasters including rainstorm and cold wave. Understanding the temporal-spatial characteristics of meteorological disasters is important for the local tourism and economic development. Based on the daily temperature and precipitation from 18 meteorological stations in the southwest of Zhejiang province during 1953-2022 and some statistical approaches, the temporal and spatial characteristics of meteorological disasters (Freezing, Rainstorm, Cold wave) are analyzed. The results indicate that 1) Rainstorm occurred frequently around the Liuchun lake, the frequency was about 8 times/a, it can also reach about 3 times/a in the other region. Freezing and cold wave (including strong cold wave and extremely cold wave) had the same spatial distribution as rainstorm, however, except for Liuchun lake, they occurred less than one time in the other regions;2) The trend of rainstorm had larger spatial difference, it increased in all the study area, but it increased more significantly around the study area than around Liuchun lake. Freezing was on the downtrend in the whole region, with 93.3% of the stations passed the 95% significant level. Cold wave also showed a declined trend, but it was insignificantly at most of the stations, only 33% of the stations passed the 90% significant level. Compared with cold wave, strong cold wave and extremely strong cold wave had weaker decline in all the regions. In general, from 1953 to 2022 rainstorm showed an increasing trend, it was the main meteorological disaster in the study area, cold wave displayed a decreasing trend, but it still occurred about 2 - 3 times/a in most regions.

关键词： Southwest of Zhejiang Province Rainstorm Cold Wave spatial distribution Trend Analysis

Study on the spatial distribution of Resource-based Urban Land Based on Suitability Evaluation——A Case Study of Datong City in Shanxi Province

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2012年第1期3卷 58-62,65页

作者： LEI Shu-xia HAO Jin-min SHUANG Wen-yuan Beijing Research Center of Urban Systems Engineering Beijing 100089China College of Resources and Environment China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

[ Objective] The study aimed at analyzing the spatial distribution of urban land based on the suitability evaluation of construction land in a resource-based city. [Methed] Firstly, the suitability of construction land in the center of Datong City was assessed; afterwards, according to the urban scale and spatial expansion mode in target years in the General Land Use Planning for Datong City （2006 -2020）, the spatial layout of new- ly-increased urban land and flexible construction land was carried out to determine the development boundary of Datong City in 2020. [ Result] In the evaluation area of Datong City, the most suitable construction land had an area of only 66.18 hm2, accounting for 10.40% of total area of evalu- ation region; the area of more suitable construction land was 117.51 hm2 and make up 18.47% of total area; moderately suitable land covered an area of 149.49 hm2, which took up 23.49% of total area; the area of unsuitable construction land （89.31 hm2 ） only made up 14.04% of total area. In the newly-increased urban construction land, the area of the most suitable and more suitable land accounted for 73.58%, while there was no un- suitable land. Meanwhile, in flexible construction land, the area of the most suitable and more suitable land made up 66.85%. In a word, the spa- tial layout of urban land was reasonable in Datong City. [Conclusion] The research could provide theoretical references for the spatial expansion and layout of urban land.

关键词： Suitability evaluation Urban land spatial distribution China

Influence of spatial distribution on the Regeneration of <i>Piptadeniastrum africanum</i>and <i>Ocotea usambaernsis</i>in Kalikuku, Lubero, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第7期11卷 527-539页

作者： Lutumba Suika Achille Kebin Zhang Kambale Muhesi Eloge Christian Jonathan Anona Kouassi Mbangilwa Mukombe Michel College of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques Vétérinaires et Forestières de Butembo Butembo Democratic Republic of Congo Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management Ministry of Education School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin China

The aim of our study is to highlight the spatial structure of the trees and to determine its influence on the natural regeneration of the Kalikuku dense forest, with a view of its optimal conservation and enhancement. Data collection was done by measuring diameter at breast height along 10 plots of 0.5 ha in size. In analyzing these data, the Dajoz test was used to determine the horizontal spatial distribution pattern of the two most abundant tree species in the forest (Piptadeniastrum africanum and Ocotea usambarensis). The χ2 test was used to compare the frequency distribution of diameter classes for the two species tested. To estimate the difference between the number of seedlings in aggregate versus non-aggregate areas, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used. In addition, the equability index was used to test the preponderance of proportions between diameter classes. Finally, the natural regeneration index was evaluated.

关键词： spatial distribution Natural Regeneration Seedlings Diameter Class

Phosphorus in the aerosols over oceans transported offshore from China to the Arctic Ocean: Speciation, spatial distribution, and potential sources

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Advances in Polar Science 2015年第3期26卷 232-238页

作者： SUN Chen XIE Zhouqing KANG Hui YU Juan Institute of Polar Environment School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China

Atmospheric aerosol samples were collected from July to September 2008 onboard a round-trip cruise over the Eastern China Sea, Japan Sea, Western North Pacific Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean （31.1°N-85.18°N, 122.48°E-146.18°W）. Total phosphorus （TP） and total inorganic phosphorus （TIP） were analyzed. The organic phosphorus （OP） was calculated by subtracting TIP from TP. Average concentrations of TP in the East Asia, Western North Pacific and Arctic Ocean were 7.90±6.45, 6.87±6.66 and 7.13±6.76 ng.m^3, while TIP levels were 6.67±5.02, 6.07±6.58, and 6.23±5.96 along the three regions. TP and TIP levels varied considerably both spatially and temporally over the study extent. TIP was found to be the dominant species in most samples, accounting for 86.6% of TP on average. OP was also a significant fraction of TP due to the primary biogenic aerosol （PBA） contribution. The phosphorus in the atmospheric aerosol over the Arctic Ocean had a higher concentration than previous model simulations. Source apportionment analysis indicates that dust is an important phosphorus source which can be globally transported, and thus dust aerosol may be an important nutrient source in some remote regions.

关键词： phosphorus aerosol spatial distribution speciation sources Arctic Ocean

Analysis of spatial distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Cultivated Land of Nehe City

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2017年第2期24卷 14-22页

作者： Du Guo-ming Yuan Rui Zhao Jing-bo Luo Yin-song College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China

This study aimed at gaining the cultivated land quality and the situation of soil pollution, taking Nehe City in Heilongjiang Province as an example, used ordinary Kriging interpolation of geostatistics, investigated the content and spatial distribution of eight kinds of heavy metal elements（namely Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Hg and As） in farming land soil, then analyzed the distinction and potential source of these heavy metal elements. The result showed that（1） all these elements had a certain amount of accumulation compared with those in the background of Heilongjiang Province, among which the accumulated levels of Cu and As were the highest.（2） Through statistic analyses, it showed that the spatial autocorrelation degrees of these four elements（namely Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn） were higher.（3） The pollution of Cd and Cu was relatively severe.（4） The spatial distribution features of these eight kinds of heavy metal elements were different, and the soil parent material and the human activity played double roles in the content distribution of heavy metal elements in farming land soil.

关键词： heavy metal cultivated soil spatial distribution K_riging interpolation