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A study on the spatial difference of farmland nitrogen nutrient budget in the Bohai Rim region, China

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第4期22卷 761-768页

作者： GUO Liying YANG Ren WANG Daolong Institute of Natural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China

The Bohai Rim region is one the most important bases for commodity grain production in China. With the rapid pace of agricultural industrialization, nitrogenous fertilizer has been used at an ever increasing rate, which resulted in the trace of accumulative nitrogen in the soil and caused serious environmental problems. In this study we made use of the farmland nitrogen balance model to assess the spatial difference of farmland nitrogen nutrient budget in the Bohai Rim region in 2008 with the assistance of GIS. Our results indicated that： 1） Farmland in this region has a nitrogen surplus totaling 5.0822 million tons, or an average of 288.54 kg/ha. 2） In the Bohai Rim region, farmland nitrogen input and farmland nitrogen budget both show a spatial differentiation. Major grain-producing areas have a higher nitrogen input than that of the grazing-farming areas. The main sources of nitrogen input include chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, deposition from atmospheric drying and wetting, and biological fixation, which account for 79.47%, 9.53%, 4.62%, and 3.58% of the total input, respectively. Therefore, chemical fertilizer is the predominant source of nitrogen input to farmland. 3） A total of 3.3398 million tons of nitrogen were output from the farmland via harvested crops and it accounts for 52.36% of the total nitrogen output from farmland in this region. On average, the amount of nitrogen output from unit farmland is equal to 176.65kg/ha. This study has shed light on farmland nitrogen budget and its spatial variation in the study area, may provide scientific evidences for rationalizing the use of chemical fertilizer and managing agricultural operation on the regional scale and is also valuable for improving the economic and ecological efficiency of fertilizer use at the regional scale.

关键词： farmland nitrogen nutrient nitrogen budget spatial difference agricultural production the BohaiRim region

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Enhancing transboundary natural tourism resources governance:unveiling the spatial pattern and its influencing factors

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 973-986页

作者： ZHANG Shengrui ZHANG Tongyan JU Hongrun WANG Yingjie Management College Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of Tourism and Geography Science Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Tourism resources that span provincial boundaries in China play a pivotal role in regional development,yet effective governance poses persistent *** study addresses this issue by constructing a comprehensive database of transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR)through amalgamation of diverse data *** the Getis-Ord Gi^(*),kernel density estimation,and geographical detectors,we scrutinize the spatial patterns of TNTR,focusing on both named and unnamed entities,while exploring the influencing *** findings reveal 7883 identified TNTR in China,with mountain tourism resources emerging as the predominant *** provinces,Hunan boasts the highest count,while Shanghai exhibits the *** China demonstrates a pronounced clustering trend in TNTR distribution,with the spatial arrangement of biological landscapes appearing more random compared to geological and water *** China,characterized by intricate terrain,exhibits fewer TNTR,concurrently unveiling a significant presence of unnamed natural tourism ***,administrative segmentation influences TNTR development,generating disparities in regional goals,developmental stages and intensities,and management *** response to these variations,we advocate for strengthening the naming of the unnamed transboundary tourism resources,constructing a geographic database of TNTR for government and establishing a collaborative management mechanism based on TNTR *** research contributes to elucidating the intricate landscape of TNTR,offering insights for tailored governance strategies in the realm of cross-provincial tourism resource management.

关键词： Transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR) spatial difference spatial autocorrelation Governance optimization China

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spatial differences of exergy use of cement manufacturing industry in China based on extended exergy accounting method

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第11期25卷 1393-1407页

作者： CHEN Fengnan SHEN Lei LIU Litao GAO Tianming Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Factory-level data from 23 provinces and some national statistical data in cement manufacturing industry and socio-economies in 2012 are used to analyze the spatial distribution of exergy use for China＇s cement manufacturing industry by the Extended Exergy Accounting method. This method takes full account of the inclusion of energy and raw material supply and other external factors （capital, labor and environment） into a comprehensive resource cost assessment. The extended exergy consumption and its intensity quantitatively at the provincial levels of cement production were calculated and then the agglomeration level of exergy use at the regional level was also evaluated. Based on this analysis, their spatial difference in size and efficiency of exergy use at the provincial level were identified. Moreover, their regional characteristics were revealed. Some important results could be drawn as follows. First, the invisible social cost accounted for 1/10 of the total exergy use in cement manufacturing industry, while the energy element shared about 9/10. Second, the gross distribution of exergy use in China＇s cement manufacturing industry was mainly concentrated in the eastern region like Anhui and Shandong provinces, and in the western region like Sichuan province. In terms of exergy use, the coal and electricity were the highest of energy costs in the eastern region, whereas the cost of capital, labor and external environmental factors highlighted the invisible social cost for cement production in the central and western regions to some extent. Third, the efficiency distribution of exergy use in China＇s cement manufacturing industry illustrated an incremental feature from west to east, especially for the energy, labor and capital efficiencies. An evaluation on the environmental efficiency indicated that provinces or regions like Tibet, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Shanxi have undertaken much higher environmental costs. Fourth, the 23 provinces could be classified int

关键词： cement manufacturing industry spatial difference exergy use extended exergy accounting method

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Quantitative analysis of the dynamic change and spatial differences of the ecological security: a case study of Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi Province

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2006年第2期16卷 251-256页

作者： LI Jing REN Zhiyuan ZHOU Zixiang College of Tourism and Environmental Sciences Shaanxi Normal University Xi＇an 710062 China

Using the theory and method of the ecological footprint, and combining the changes of regional land use, resource environment, population, society and economy, this paper calculated the ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity and ecological surplus/loss in 1986-2002 on the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi Province. What is more, this paper has put forward the concept of ecological pressure index, set up ecological pressure index models, and ecological security grading systems, and the prediction models of different ecological footprints, ecological carrying capacity, ecological surplus and ecological safety change, and also has assessed the ecological footprint demands of 10,000 yuan GDE The results of this study are as follows：（1） the ecological carrying capacity in northern Shaanxi shows a decreasing trend, the difference of reducing range is the fastest; （2） the ecological footprint appears an increasing trend; （3） ecological pressure index rose to 0.91 from 0.44 during 1986-2002 on the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi with an increase of 47%; and （4） the ecological security in the study area is in a critical state, and the ecological oressure index has been increasing rapidlv.

关键词： regional ecological security dynamic change spatial difference quantitative analysis the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi Province

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High-resolution simulation of upper-ocean submesoscale variability in the South China Sea:spatial and seasonal dynamical regimes

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第7期41卷 26-41页

作者： Haijin Cao Xin Meng Zhiyou Jing Xiaoxiao Yang Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting of Ministry of Natural Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing210024China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing210024China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510301China

Submesoscale processes in marginal seas usually have complex generating mechanisms,highly dependent on the local background flow and *** numerical study investigates the spatial and seasonal differences of submesoscale activities in the upper ocean of the South China Sea(SCS)and the different dynamical regimes for *** spatial and seasonal variations of vertical vorticity,horizontal convergence,lateral buoyancy gradient,and strain rate are analyzed to compare the submesoscale phenomenon within four sub-regions,the northern region near the Luzon Strait(R1),the middle ocean basin(R2),the western SCS(R3),and the southern SCS(R4).The results suggest that the SCS submesoscale processes are highly heterogeneous in space,with different seasonalities in each *** submesoscale activities in the northern sub-regions(R1,R2)are active in winter but weak in summer,while there appears an almost seasonal anti-phase in the western region(R3)compared to R1 and ***,no clear seasonality of submesoscale features is shown in the southern region(R4).Further analysis of Ertel potential vorticity reveals different generating mechanisms of submesoscale processes in different *** analyses also show the vertical extent of vertical velocity and the role of monsoon in generating submesoscale activities in the upper ocean of *** these results suggest that the sub-regions have different regimes for submesoscale processes,e.g.,Kuroshio intrusion(R1),monsoon modulation(R2),frontal effects(R3),topography wakes(R4).

关键词： submesoscale South China Sea high-resolution simulation spatial difference seasonal difference

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Relationship between multifunctionality and rural sustainable development: Insights from 129 counties of the Sichuan Province, China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2022年第3期20卷 285-294页

作者： Xuefeng Li Jiaqi Liu Jin Jia Han Yang Institute of Western China Economic Research Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu611130China

Rural areas are multifunctional and often have production,living,and ecological *** high-quality and balanced development of these three functions is key to sustainable rural development(SRD).Thus,the evaluation of SRD based on rural multifunctionality is of immense *** study clarifies the rela‐tionship between multifunctionality and sustainable rural *** evaluation index system with six sub-components was established for calculating the *** addition,we included 129 counties from the Sich‐uan Province in our case study,and used this index system to analyze the characteristics of rural multifunc‐tionality for evaluating the *** results showed indisputable evidence of multifunctional *** the county level,rural multifunctionality faces the challenge of insufficient and uneven development,particu‐larly in production *** spatial differences existed in rural multifunctional development,and the suburban counties generally performed ***,a mutually reinforcing relationship between pro‐duction,living,and ecological functions was established;however,there was still a significant gap in realizing *** results emphasize the necessity of a differentiated SRD strategy that should be formulated and imple‐mented based on rural multifunctionality differentiation *** study offers useful guidance for realizing rural multifunctional and sustainable development.

关键词： Sustainable rural development Rural multifunctionality Production-ecological-living function spatial difference Index system Sichuan Province

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Spatiotemporal Evolution of Ecological Security in the Wanjiang City Belt,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第6期30卷 1052-1064页

作者： CAO Yuhong LIU Meiyun ZHANG Yu CHEN Chen CAO Weidong School of Ecology and Environment Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China School of Geography and Tourism Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China

Ecological security is the foundation and guarantee of sustainable development,and its importance is increasingly widely recognized and valued by the *** Yangtze River Basin is an important ecological security barrier in China and the Wanjiang City Belt(WCB)along the Yangtze River is directly related to the ecological security pattern of the entire *** on the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response(DPSIR)model and a geographical information system(GIS)platform,an ecosystem security evaluation index system was constructed to measure and evaluate the evolution of ecosystem security in the WCB,*** showed that:1)From 2000 to 2018,the overall level of ecological security in the study area was in a state of either early warning or medium warning,but the level of ecological security in each prefecture-level city was significantly different.2)From the perspective of the evolution of the ecosystem,the value of its comprehensive evaluation index dropped from 4.255 in 2000 to 3.885 in *** the perspective of subsystems,the value of Pressure comprehensive evaluation index is much higher than that of other subsystems,indicating that during the rapid development of the social economy,the pressure on the natural environment tended to rise,and triggered changes in the State and Response subsystems.3)The coefficient of variation(CV)of the Driver was much higher than other factors influencing the ecological security *** are large differences in the economic development and ecological evolution of the cities in the *** study has improved the theoretical research on regional ecological security,and has certain practical guiding significance for building a beautiful,green and sustainable China and promoting global ecological security.

关键词： ecological security complex ecosystem spatiotemporal evolution spatial difference Wanjiang City Belt(WCB)

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中国居民收入差距及空间分异特征

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社会主义经济理论与实践 2016年第3期 18-25,42页

作者：孙晓一徐勇刘艳华

利用2010年城镇居民收入、农村居民收入和第六次人口普查数据，以县级行政区为数据单元，从城乡、城镇、农村以及整体不平等性等4个方面测算和分析了我国居民收入的区域差距及空间分异特征。结果表明：2010年我国城乡居民收入差距甚大... 详细信息

利用2010年城镇居民收入、农村居民收入和第六次人口普查数据，以县级行政区为数据单元，从城乡、城镇、农村以及整体不平等性等4个方面测算和分析了我国居民收入的区域差距及空间分异特征。结果表明：2010年我国城乡居民收入差距甚大，城镇居民收入和农村居民收入的空间差异特征十分显著，总体基尼系数和城镇基尼系数都在国际警戒线以上。城乡居民收入绝对差距空间分布呈现为北小南大、东小西大的特点，相对差距的空间分布大致与我国地形三大阶梯的走势一致；城镇居民收入从东部沿海向西北大致呈现为高—低—中—低的分布格局，农村居民收入空间分布呈现出北方沿边境地区和东部及东南部沿海地区高、两者之间低的格局；居民收入不平等问题突出，总体基尼系数为0.4764、城镇基尼系数为0.468、农村基尼系数为0.3703。缩小收入差距依然是今后我国各级政府必须采取有效措施的紧迫问题。

关键词：收入差距空间分异基尼系数中国 income disparity spatial difference Gini coefficient China

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The willingness to pay for ecosystem services on the Tibetan Plateau of China

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第2期1卷 141-151页

作者： Yanxu Liu State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Ecosystem Services(ES)are common-pool resources that can be valued by people’s willingness to pay(WTP).In contrast to place-based WTP research at the community-level,the stakeholders tend to be geographically diverse,and the benefits are not spatially apparent on the national *** to find the geographical diversity of the WTP for ES at the large scale,this study implemented an online survey of more than 25,000 samples to detect the WTP of Chinese people for water conservation,soil retention,carbon fixation,pollution decomposition,biodiversity conservation,and aesthetic existence of the Tibetan *** results showed the top limit of payments was 1,080.95 CNY/year/capita on average,and people would like to pay 172.40 CNY/year/capita for water conservation,which is the highest among the six *** percent of people“Aged 16–35”,“Government agency staff”and“Know WTP”influenced payments at provincial *** an individual level,people’s knowledge and attitudes directly drove the payment amounts,as well as their ecosystem management ***,geographical diversity of the payment for ES exists in China,and in contrast to the objective social structure and spatial accessibility of ES,people’s knowledge and attitudes were the main driving forces of this geographical *** findings suggest that a bottom-up adaptive governance approach is encouraged for managing common pool resources in developing countries.

关键词： Payment for ES Online survey spatial difference Driving force Structural equation

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秦岭陕西段南北坡植被对干湿变化响应敏感性及空间差异

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第6期31卷 785-801页

作者：齐贵增白红英赵婷孟清张善红 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China Institute of Qinling Mountains Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China College of Urban and Environmental Science Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China

The Qinling Mountains,located at the junction of warm temperate and subtropical zones,serve as the boundary between north and south *** the sensitivity of the response of vegetation there to hydrothermal dynamics elucidates the dynamics and mechanisms of the main vegetation types in the context of changes in temperature and *** should be attached to changes in vegetation in different climate *** reveal the sensitivity and areal differentiation of vegetation responses to hydrothermal dynamics,the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of the normalized vegetation index(NDVI)and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)on the northern and southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains from 2000 to 2018 are explored using the meteorological data of 32 meteorological stations and the MODIS NDVI *** results show that:1)The overall vegetation coverage of the Qinling Mountains improved significantly from 2000 to *** NDVI rise rate and area ratio on the southern slope were higher than those on the northern slope,and the vegetation on the southern slope improved more than that on the northern *** Qinling Mountains showed an insignificant humidification *** humidification rate and humidification area of the northern slope were greater than those on the southern slope.2)Vegetation on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains was more sensitive to hydrothermal dynamics than that on the southern *** was most sensitive to hydrothermal dynamics from March to June on the northern slope,and from March to May(spring)on the southern *** vegetation on the northern and southern slopes was mainly affected by hydrothermal dynamics on a scale of 3–7 months,responding weakly to hydrothermal dynamics on a scale of 11–12 months.3)Some 90.34%of NDVI and SPEI was positively correlated in the Qinling *** humidification in most parts of the study area promoted the growth of vegetation all

关键词： Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi province NDVI SPEI sensitivity spatial difference

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