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Neutralized solar energetic particles for SEP forecasting:Feasibility study of an innovative technique for space weather applications

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第1期6卷 42-51页

作者： Xiao-Dong Wang B.Klecker G.Nicolaou S.Barabash M.Wieser P.Wurz A.Galli F.Cipriani Y.Futaana Swedish Institute of space Physics KirunaSweden Max-Planck Institute für extraterrestrische Physik GarchingGermany Physics Institute University of BernBernSwitzerland ESA/ESTEC Research and Scientific Support DepartmentNoordwijkThe Netherlands

Energetic neutral atoms(ENAs)are produced by the neutralization of energetic ions formed by shock-accelerated gradual solar energetic particle events(SEP).These high-energy ENAs(HENAs)can reach the Earth earlier than the associated SEPs and thus can provide information about the SEPs at the lower *** HENA properties observed at Earth depend on the properties of the coronal mass ejection(CME)-driven shocks that accelerate the *** a model of HENA production in a shock-accelerated SEP event,we semi-quantitatively investigate the energy-time spectrum of HENAs depending on the width,propagation speed,and direction of the shock,as well as the density and ion abundances of the lower *** to the baseline model parameters,the cases with a wider shock width angle or a higher coronal density would increase the HENA flux observed at the Earth,while the case with an Earthpropagating shock shows a softened HENA *** comparison of expected HENA fluxes in different cases with a flight-proven ENA instrument suggests that solar HENAs can feasibly be monitored with current technologies,which could provide a lead time of 2−3 hours for SEPs at a few *** propose that monitoring of solar HENAs could provide a new method to forecast shock-driven SEP events that are capable of significant space weather impacts on the near-Earth environment.

关键词： solar energetic particles energetic neutral atoms space weather numerical simulation

Image Feature Extraction and Matching of Augmented Solar Images in space weather

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空间科学学报 2023年第5期43卷 840-852页

作者： WANG Rui BAO Lili CAI Yanxia State Key Laboratory of space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environment space Situation Awareness Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190

Augmented solar images were used to research the adaptability of four representative image extraction and matching algorithms in space weather *** include the scale-invariant feature transform algorithm,speeded-up robust features algorithm,binary robust invariant scalable keypoints algorithm,and oriented fast and rotated brief *** performance of these algorithms was estimated in terms of matching accuracy,feature point richness,and running *** experiment result showed that no algorithm achieved high accuracy while keeping low running time,and all algorithms are not suitable for image feature extraction and matching of augmented solar *** solve this problem,an improved method was proposed by using two-frame matching to utilize the accuracy advantage of the scale-invariant feature transform algorithm and the speed advantage of the oriented fast and rotated brief ***,our method and the four representative algorithms were applied to augmented solar *** application experiments proved that our method achieved a similar high recognition rate to the scale-invariant feature transform algorithm which is significantly higher than other *** method also obtained a similar low running time to the oriented fast and rotated brief algorithm,which is significantly lower than other algorithms.

关键词： Augmented reality Augmented image Image feature point extraction and matching space weather Solar image

The effect of space weather on the ionosphere at the 110°meridian during CAWSES-Ⅱperiod

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2021年第2期12卷 93-101页

作者： Olga Maltseva Tatyana Nikitenko Institute for Physics Southern Federal University344090Rostov-on-DonStachky190Russia

space weather determines the state of the ionosphere,which is especially important to know during *** study this state,the period of March 7-17,2012,which was recommended by SCOSTEP for detailed studies and called CAWSES-II,was *** this period,the behavior of parameters of the solar wind(SW)and the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF)show a number of *** this paper,we study their relationship with the total electron content(TEC)and the critical frequency(foF2)of the ionosphere at the 110°meridian,near which several ionosondes are located,in the range of 20°N-62.5°*** correlation coefficients of TEC and foF2 with the SW and IMF parameters for the month and the selected period are *** ionosphere showed the considered disturbances in different ways in different latitudinal zones:negative anomalies are observed at high latitudes,and positive ones at low latitudes.A distinctive feature is the presence of signs of a super-fountain *** of TEC and foF2 from their medians can be *** IRI model reacted in the latitude range 40°N-62.5°N in the form of negative anomalies,although positive anomalies were observed in the *** lower latitudes,no reaction was *** all factors(F10.7,Dst,Kp,IMF,Np),three zones(high-latitude,midlatitude,and low-latitude)are distinguished for different *** strongest influence of disturbances on the correlation coefficients is observed in the zone of 37.5°N 62.5°N.

关键词： Ionosphere space weather Total electron content Correlation

Overview of the Solar Polar Orbit Telescope Project for space weather Mission

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空间科学学报 2016年第3期36卷 245-266页

作者： XIONG Ming LIU Ying LIU Hao LI Baoquan ZHENG Jianhua ZHANG Cheng XIA Lidong ZHANG Hongxin RAO Wei CHEN Changya SUN Weiying WU Xia DENG Yuanyong HE Han JIANG Bo WANG Yuming WANG Chuanbing SHEN Chenglong ZHANG Haiying ZHANG Shenyi YANG Xuan SANG Peng WU Ji National space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for space weather Sciences Shandong University at Weihai Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute of spacecraft System Engineering China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese space Science Strategic Pioneer Project in *** is designed to carry a suite of remote-sensing and in-situ instruments to observe Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs),energetic particles,solar high-latitude magnetism,and the fast solar wind from a polar orbit around the *** first extended view of the polar regions of the Sun and the ecliptic enabled by SPORT will provide a unique opportunity to study CME propagation through the inner heliosphere,and the solar high-latitude magnetism giving rise to eruptions and the fast solar *** observations between SPORT and other spaceborne/ground-based facilities within the International Living With a Star(ILWS) framework can significantly enhance scientific *** is now competing for official selection and implementation during China's 13 th Five-Year Plan period of 2016-2020.

关键词： space weather Coronal mass ejection Solar magnetism Solar wind Solar energetic particle

Online computation of International Reference Ionosphere Extended to Plasmasphere(IRI-Plas) model for space weather

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第5期9卷 347-357页

作者： Umut Sezen T.L.Gulyaeva Feza Arikan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Hacettepe University IZMIRAN

Ionosphere is the most challenging part of space weather with its spatio-temporal variability and dispersive nature. Ionospheric models are very important in reducing positioning error in GNSS *** Reference Ionosphere(IRI) is an empirical, deterministic and climatic model of ionosphere up to 2000 km in height. Recently, IRI Extended to Plasmasphere(IRI-Plas) model has been developed to extend the interest region of IRI to the GPS orbital height of 20,000 km. Both IRI and IRI-Plas provide ionospheric parameters such as electron density, electron and ion temperatures according to their height profiles. In order to update the model to current ionospheric conditions, IRI-Plas can input F2 layer critical frequency(foF2), maximum ionization height(hmF2), and also Total Electron Content(TEC).Online IRI-Plas is developed for the ionospheric community to run multiple tasks at various locations,dates and times with optional foF2, hmF2 and TEC inputs in a user-friendly manner. In this paper, we are going to present the capabilities of the Online IRI-Plas service and provide some comparisons between IRI-Plas outputs and ionosonde measurements. The comparison between online IRI-Plas foF2 outputs and ionosonde foF2 measurements indicates that the model with TEC input can significantly improve the representation of the current ionospheric state, which is very successful especially in the geomagnetically disturbed days.

关键词： Ionosphere space weather IRI-Plas GPS TEC IONOLAB

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space weather

新世纪智能 2019年第10期 35-37页

作者： Engeli Haupt 不详

Very hot and very cold Have you ever wondered how cold it is in space? Well, apparently the vacuum of space has no temperature. But, put an object in space and it is going to experience some extreme temperatures:if left in the sunlight an object can heat up to 260°Celsius, roughly 200 degrees hotter than the hottest place on Earth. In the shade temperatures can drop to-100℃. This is much colder than the coldest places on our planet:Antarctica has an average temperature of-55℃with a record low of-89.2℃. If you want to visit Pluto, don’t forget to pack your space jacket, because it can get as cold as-260°Celsius!

关键词： space weather Activity

Cost-Efficient Medium Frequency Propagation Research with Software Defined Radio

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第1期12卷 158-169页

作者： Casey M. Hess Sohail Anwar Division of Business Engineering and Information Sciences and Technology Department of Electromechanical Engineering Technology Pennsylvania State University Altoona Campus Altoona Pennsylvania USA Division of Business Engineering and Information Sciences and Technology Department of Engineering Pennsylvania State University Altoona Campus Altoona Pennsylvania USA

Medium Frequency radio holds significance in modern society as it supports broadcasting and individual communications in the public, government, and military sectors. Enhancing the availability and quality of these communications is only possible by enhancing the understanding of medium frequency propagation. While traditional methods of radio wave propagation research can have a high material demand and cost, software defined radio presents itself as a versatile and low-cost platform for medium frequency signal reception and data acquisition. This paper details a research effort that utilizes software defined radio to help characterize medium frequency signal strength in relation to ionospheric and solar weather propagation determinants. Signal strength data from seven medium frequency stations of unique transmission locations and varying transmission powers were retrieved in 24-hour segments via a receiving loop antenna, Airspy HF+ Discovery software defined radio, and SDR Sharp software interface network. Retrieved data sets were visualized and analyzed in MATLAB for the identification of signal strength trends, which were subsequently compared to historical ionospheric and space weather indices in pursuit of a quantifiable correlation between such indices and medium frequency signal strengths. The results of the investigation prove that software defined radio, when used in conjunction with a receiving antenna and data analysis program, provides a versatile mechanism for cost-efficient propagation research.

关键词： Ionosphere space weather Airspy SDR SDR Sharp MATLAB Analysis

Contribution of the Chinese Meridian Project to space environment research:Highlights and perspectives

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1423-1438页

作者： Chi WANG Jiyao XU Libo LIU Xianghui XUE Qinghe ZHANG Yongqiang HAO Gang CHEN Hui LI Guozhu LI Bingxian LUO Yajun ZHU Jiangyan WANG State Key Laboratory of space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Earth and space Sciences University Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China School of Earth and space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental space Situation Awareness National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The Chinese Meridian Project(CMP)is devoted to establishing a comprehensive ground-based monitoring network for China’s space weather *** is a major national science and technology infrastructure project with the participation of more than 10 research institutions and universities led by the National space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of *** is planned to be constructed in two phases:CMP phasesⅠandⅡ.The first phase(CMP-Ⅰ)started construction in2008 and completed in 2012,after which it entered the operation *** 10-year observation of CMP-Ⅰhas made significant scientific discoveries and achievements in the research fields of the middle and upper atmospheric fluctuations,metal layers in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere,ionospheric disturbances and irregularities,geomagnetic disturbances,and influences of solar *** review summarizes the main observations and research achievements,space weather forecast modeling and methods based on CMP-Ⅰover the past 10 years,and presents a future extension perspective along with the construction of CMP-Ⅱ.

关键词： Chinese Meridian Project Ground-based observation network space weather Solar-terrestrial physics

Construction Progress of Chinese Meridian Project PhaseⅡ

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空间科学学报 2022年第4期42卷 539-545页

作者： WANG Chi XU Jiyao LÜDaren YUE Xinan XUE Xianghui CHEN Gang YAN Jingye YAN Yihua LAN Ailan WANG Jiangyan WANG Xin TIAN Yufang State Key Laboratory of space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 LAGEO Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100191 School of Earth and space Sciences University Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 Department of space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072

The Chinese Meridian Project(CMP)is the space Environment Ground Based Comprehensive Monitoring Network of China,a national major science and technology infrastructure *** CMP consists of the space Environment Monitoring System,Data Communication System,and Science Application *** construction has been divided into two steps:the PhaseⅠwas from 2008 to 2012;the PhaseⅡstarted at the end of 2019,expected to be completed at the end of *** 2023,the CMP as a whole will be in operation to make *** report introduces the construction progress of CMP PhaseⅡin the past two years,covering the construction progress of both the Data Communication System and the Science Application *** for the space Environment Monitoring System,this report mainly gives an introduction to the construction progress of large-scale advanced monitoring equipment,such as,the solar radio telescope,interplanetary scintillation telescope,incoherent scatter radar,high frequency radar,MST radar,and large-aperture Helium *** addition,this paper presents the construction plan for the next two years and the future outlook as well.

关键词： Chinese Meridian Project(CMP) Ground-based observation network space weather Solar-terrestrial physics