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Increased diversity and environmental threat of harmful algal blooms in the southern yellow sea,China

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第6期40卷 2107-2119页

作者： Minjie SONG Tian YAN Fanzhou KONG Yunfeng WANG Mingjiang ZHOU CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Harmful algal blooms(HABs)in the southern yellow sea(SYS)have shown a trend of increasing diversity and detrimental ef fects.While the Bohai sea,East China sea,and South China sea have experienced a high incidence of HABs since the 1980s,the yellow sea provides a relatively healthy ecological environment in which fewer HABs have been documented before the 21s t century.Yet largescale blooms of the green macroalga Ulva prolifera(so-called“green tides”)have occurred annually since 2007 in the yellow sea.Six people were poisoned and one person died in Lianyungang in 2008 due to ingestion of algal toxins.Moreover,the yellow sea experienced co-occurrence of harmful red tides,green tides,and golden tides in 2017.This combination of events,rare worldwide,indicates the potential for further deterioration of the marine environment in the yellow sea,which may be related to climate change,aquaculture,and other human activities.Using the SYS as an example,we collected data of the frequency and scale of HABs over the years,as well as that of marine algal toxins,and analyzed the trend in the diversity of HABs in the SYS,to explore the causes and impacts of HABs,as well as the interrelationships among dif ferent types of HABs,including harmful red tides,green tides,and golden tides.We also attempted to improve our understanding of HAB evolution under the influence of global climate change and intensified human activities.

关键词： marine algal toxins harmful algal blooms red tides green tides golden tides southern yellow sea

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Long-term nutrient variation trends and their potential impact on phytoplankton in the southern yellow sea,China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第6期41卷 54-67页

作者： Yan Wang Yongjian Liu Hao Guo Haibo Zhang Dongmei Li Ziwei Yao Xiaocheng Wang Chuan Jia State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem National Marine Environmental Monitoring CenterDalian 116023China yellow sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China

The concentration and composition of nutrients,such as N,P,and Si,respond to biogeochemical processes and in turn,impact the phytoplanktons'community structure and primary production.In this study,historical data was systematically analyzed to identify long-term variations in nutrient trends,red tide frequency,phytoplankton community abundance,and dominant species succession in the southern yellow sea(SYS).Results showed that N/P concentration ratios dramatically increased as a function of increasing dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations,and Si/N concentration ratios were generally larger than 1,indicating that N limitation morphed to P limitation and potentially to Si limitation,which impacted the phytoplankton community.Furthermore,inter-annual trends over the past 50 years show that phytoplankton community abundance has been higher in spring and summer,relative to autumn and winter.Moreover,with respect to red tide frequency,diatom abundance gradually decreased,while that of dinoflagellates gradually increased.Dominant species succession showed that the phytoplankton community exhibited an evident tendency to transform from diatoms to dinoflagellates.These research results clearly depict the presence of an important correlation between the phytoplankton community and nutrient structure in the SYS.

关键词： southern yellow sea nutrients structure succession of phytoplankton community diatom dinoflagellate

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Distribution of phytoplankton in the East China sea and the southern yellow sea in spring in relation to environmental variables and dimethylsulfide compounds

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第6期41卷 41-53页

作者： Jiawei Zhang Yanghang Chen Xueyan Ren Vishal Patil Lin Sun Xuesong Li Junrong Liang Jun Zhang Yahui Gao Changping Chen School of Life Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems of Ministry of Education Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology Third Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic AdministrationXiamen 361005China Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment AdministrationMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510610China

The coastal ecosystems are highly sensitive to climate change and are usually influenced by variations in phytoplankton communities and water physiochemical factors.In the present study,the phytoplankton community,chlorophyll a(Chl a)and their relationships with environmental variables and dimethylsulfide(DMS)and dimethylsulfoniopropionate(DMSP)were investigated in spring 2017(March 24 to April 16)in the East China sea(26.0°-33.0°N,120.0°-128.0°E)and southern yellow sea(31.0°-36.0°N,120.0°-125.0°E).The spatial distributions of phytoplankton species composition and cell density were investigated by qualitative and quantitative methods and were compared with historical data to study phytoplankton species succession in the survey area.The results showed that there were 275 phytoplankton species belonging to 90 genera and 6 phyla in the survey area,of which 208 species belonged to 62 genera of Bacillariophyta and 56 species belonged to 20 genera of Pyrrophyta.The dominant phytoplankton species were Skeletonema dohrnii,Chaetoceros vanheurckii and Prorocentrum donghaiense.The phytoplankton cell densities ranged from 0.06×10^(4)cells/L to 418.73×10^(4)cells/L,with an average value of 21.46×10^(4)cells/L.In spring,the average ratio of Bacillariophyta/Pyrrophyta was41.13 for the entire study area.The areas with high phytoplankton cell density were mainly distributed in the northern South yellow sea and offshore waters of the East China sea.According to a canonical correspondence analysis among phytoplankton and environmental parameters,the water Chl a concentrations were notably consistent with phytoplankton cell density(P<0.001),and both showed significant negative correlations with salinity and nitrite(P<0.05)and significant positive correlations with dissolved oxygen and pH(P<0.001).There was a significant positive correlation between diatom(both in cell density and in dominant species)and DMS(P<0.05),which indicated that diatoms play a greater role in DMS production in this investigated area.

关键词： phytoplankton distribution East China sea southern yellow sea dimethylsulfoniopropionate

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Wave Characteristics at the South Part of the Radial Sand Ridges of the southern yellow sea

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China Ocean Engineering 2014年第3期28卷 317-330页

作者：杨斌冯卫兵张俞 College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore Engineering Hohai University

Based on one-year wave field data measured at the south part of the radial sand ridges of the southern yellow sea, the wave statistical characteristics, wave spectrum and wave group properties are analyzed. The results show that the significant wave height （H1/3） varies from 0.15 to 2.22 m with the average of 0.59 m and the mean wave period （Tmean） varies from 2.06 to 6.82 s with the average of 3.71 s. The percentage of single peak in the wave spectra is 88.6 during the measurement period, in which 36.3% of the waves are pure wind waves and the rest are young swells. The percentage with the significant wave height larger than 1 m is 12.4. The dominant wave directions in the study area are WNW, W, ESE, E and NW. The relationships among the characteristic wave heights, the characteristic wave periods, and the wave spectral parameters are identified. It is found that the tentative spectral model is suitable for the quantitative description of the wave spectrum in the study area, while the run lengths of the wave group estimated from the measured data are generally larger than those in other sea areas.

关键词： wave characteristics wave spectra wave group cold storms radial sand ridges southern yellow sea

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Sediment dynamics in an offshore tidal channel in the southern yellow sea

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第2期29卷 246-259页

作者： Wen-fei NI Ya-ping WANG Xin-qing ZOU Ji-cai ZHANG Jian-hua GAO School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology Ministry of Land and Resources School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University

The geomorphology of the southern yellow sea(SYS) is characterized by offshore radial sand ridges(RSR).An offshore tidal channel(KSY Channel) is located perpendicular to the coast,comprised of a main and a tributary channel separated by a submarine sand ridge(KSY Sand Ridge) extending seaward.In order to investigate the interactions among water flow,sediment transport,and topography,current velocity and suspended sediment concentration(SSC) were observed at 11 anchor stations along KSY Channel in RSR during a spring tide cycle.High resolution bottom topography was also surveyed.Residual currents and tidally averaged suspended sediment fluxes were calculated and analyzed by using the decomposition method.Results suggested that the water currents became stronger landward but with asymmetrical current speed and temporal duration of flood and ebb tides.Residual currents showed landward water transport in the nearshore channel and a clockwise circulation around the KSY Sand Ridge.Tidally-averaged SSC also increased landward along the channel.The main mechanisms controlling SSC variations were resuspension and horizontal advection,with spatial and temporal variations in the channel,which also contributed to sediment redistribution between channels and sand ridges.Residual flow transport and the tidal pumping effect dominated the suspended sediment flux in the KSY Channel.The KSY Sand Ridge had a potential southward migration due to the interaction between water flow,sediment transport,and topography.

关键词： Tidal channel Sand ridge Suspended sediment concentration Flux decomposition southern yellow sea

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Combining otolith elemental signatures with multivariate analytical models to verify the migratory pattern of Japanese Spanish mackerel(Scomberomorus niphonius) in the southern yellow sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第12期39卷 54-64页

作者： Xindong Pan Zhenjiang Ye Binduo Xu Tao Jiang Jian Yang Jiahua Cheng Yongjun Tian Fisheries College Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries Freshwater Fisheries Research CenterChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesWuxi 214081China East China sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesShanghai 200090China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266071China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Japanese Spanish mackerel,Scomberomorus niphonius,is a commercially important,highly migratory species that is widely distributed throughout the northwestern Pacific region.However,its life history and migratory patterns are only partially understood.This study used otolith chemistry to investigate the migratory pattern of S.niphonius in the southern yellow sea,an important fishing ground.Transverse sections of otoliths from 15 age-1 spawning or spent individuals,comprising up to one complete migration cycle,were analyzed from the core to the margin by using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The ratios of the element to Ca were integrated with microstructural analysis to produce age-related elemental profiles.Combining multielemental analysis of otolith composition with multivariate analytical models,we quantified structural changes in otolith chemistry profiles.Results revealed there were diverse changing patterns of otolith chemistry profiles for detected elements and the elements of Na,Mg,Sr and Ba were important for the chronological signal.Five clusters were identified through chronological clustering,representing the five life stages from the early stage to the spawning stage.Variation of Ba:Ca ratio was most informative,showing a step-decreasing pattern in the first four stages and a rebound in the spawning stage.These results support the hypothesized migratory pattern of S.niphonius:hatching and spending their early life in the coastal sandy ridges system of the southern yellow sea,migrating northeastward and offshore for feeding during juvenile stage,aggregating in early October and migrating outward to the Jeju Island for wintering,and returning to the coastal waters for spawning.This study demonstrated the value of life-history related otolith chemistry profiles combined with multivariate analytical models was a means to verify the migration patterns of S.niphonius at regional scales with potential application in fisheries assessment and management.

关键词： otolith chemistry Scomberomorus niphonius migratory pattern multivariate regression tree southern yellow sea

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Differences in planktonic ciliate spatial distribution in spring and autumn in the southern yellow sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第4期37卷 48-57页

作者： ZHANG Shan LI Haibo CHEN Xue DONG Yi ZHANG Fang XIAO Tian ZHANG Wuchang ZHAO Yuan CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

seasonal variation of marine plankton spatial distribution is important in understanding the biological processes in the ocean.In this study,we studied spatial distribution of planktonic ciliate abundance and biomass in the central deep area（station depth greater than 60 m） and the coastal shallow area（station depth less than 60 m） of the southern yellow sea（32°–36.5°N,121°–125°E） in spring（April） and autumn（October–November） of 2006.Our results showed that both ciliate abundance and biomass in the surface waters were higher in spring（（1 490±2 336）ind./L;（4.11±7.81） μg/L） than in autumn（（972±823） ind./L;（1.11±1.18） μg/L,calculated by carbon）.Ciliate abundance and biomass in the surface waters of the coastal shallow area were similar in spring and autumn.However,in the central deep area,those values were much higher in spring（（1 878±2 893） ind./L;（5.99±10.10）μg/L） than in autumn（（738±373） ind./L;（0.74±0.76） μg/L）.High values of ciliate abundance and biomass occurred in the central deep area in spring and in the coastal shallow area in autumn.Mixotrophic ciliate Laboea strobila was abundant in the central deep area in spring,when a phytoplankton bloom occurred.However,in autumn,L.strobila was abundant in the coastal shallow area.Boreal tintinnid Ptychocyli obtusa was found in spring.Both L.strobila and P.obtusa were concentrated in the surface waters when their abundance was more than 1 000 ind./L.Peaks of these species were in the subsurface waters when their abundance was less than 400 ind./L.This study showed that both high abundance and biomass of ciliates occurred in different areas in southern yellow sea seasonally.

关键词： ciliates abundance biomass southern yellow sea

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Trait-based approach revealed the seasonal variation of mesozooplankton functional groups in the South yellow sea

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2023年第1期5卷 126-140页

作者： Zhishuang Zhang Hongju Chen Yixuan Li Ruping Ge Guangxing Liu Shaukat Ali Yunyun Zhuang Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao266200China Department of Environmental Sciences Karakoram International UniversityGilgit15100Pakistan

Functional traits determine the fitness of organisms and mirror their ecological functions.Although trait-based approaches provide ecological insights,it is underexploited for marine zooplankton,particularly with respect to seasonal variation.Here,based on four major functional traits,including body length,feeding type,trophic group,and reproduction mode,we quantified the seasonal variations of mesozooplankton functional groups in the South yellow sea(SYS)in the spring,summer,and autumn of 2018.Strong seasonal dynamics were identified for all traits but patterns varied among traits.Small zooplankton(47.7–88.6%),omnivores–herbivores(81.3–97.6%),and free spawners(54.8–92.5%)dominated in three seasons,while ambush feeders and current feeders dominated in spring(45.7%),and autumn(73.4%),respectively.Cluster analysis of the functional traits showed that the mesozooplankton in the SYS can be classified into eight functional groups.The biogeographic and seasonal variations of functional groups can be partially explained by environmental drivers.Group 1,represented by omnivores–herbivores,was the most dominant functional group,the abundance of which peaked in spring and was positively correlated with chlorophyll a concentration,indicating its close association with phytoplankton dynamics.The contribution of giant,active ambush carnivores,passive ambush carnivore jellyfish,current omnivores–detritivores,and parthenogenetic cladocerans increased with sea surface temperature.The proportion of giant,active ambush carnivores and active ambush omnivore–carnivore copepods decreased with salinity in autumn.This study presents a new perspective for understanding the dynamics of zooplankton and paves the way for further research on the functional diversity of zooplankton in the SYS.

关键词： Zooplankton southern yellow sea Functional trait Functional group seasonal variation

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