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source contributions to PM2.5 under Unfavorable Weather Conditions in Guangzhou City,China

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第9期35卷 1145-1159页

作者： Nan WANG Zhenhao LING Xuejiao DENG Tao DENG Xiaopu LYU Tingyuan LI Xiaorong GAO Xi CHEN Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510000China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversiiyHong Kong 999077China Ecological Meteorology Centez Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Bureau Guangzhou 510000China Guangzhou Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 510000China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversiiyGuangzhou 510000China

Historical haze episodes（2013–16） in Guangzhou were examined and classified according to synoptic weather *** types of weather systems were found to be unfavorable, among which ＂foreside of a cold front＂（FC） and ＂sea high pressure＂（SP） were the most frequent（〉 75% of the total）. Targeted case studies were conducted based on an FC-affected event and an SP-affected event with the aim of understanding the characteristics of the contributions of source regions to fine particulate matter（PM（2.5）） in Guangzhou. Four kinds of contributions—namely, emissions outside Guangdong Province（super-region）, emissions from the Pearl River Delta region（PRD region）, emissions from Guangzhou–Foshan–Shenzhen（GFS region）, and emissions from Guangzhou（local）—were investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting–Community Multiscale Air Quality model. The results showed that the source region contribution differed with different weather systems. SP was a stagnant weather condition, and the source region contribution ratio showed that the local region was a major contributor（37%）, while the PRD region, GFS region and the super-region only contributed 8%, 2.8% and 7%, respectively, to PM（2.5） concentrations. By contrast, FC favored regional transport. The super-region became noticeable,contributing 34.8%, while the local region decreased to 12%. A simple method was proposed to quantify the relative impact of meteorology and emissions. Meteorology had a 35% impact, compared with an impact of-18% for emissions, when comparing the FC-affected event with that of the SP. The results from this study can provide guidance to policymakers for the implementation of effective control strategies.

关键词： WRF Community Multiscale Air Quality model source contribution unfavorable weather system fine partic-ulate matter

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Modeling study of source contributions and emergency control effects during a severe haze episode over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第9期58卷 1403-1415页

作者： Huansheng Chen Jie Li Baozhu Ge Wenyi Yang Zifa Wang Si Huang Yuanlin Wang Pingzhong Yan Jianjun Li Lili Zhu State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China National Environmental Monitoring Center

In February 2014, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) area experienced a weeklong episode of heavy haze pollution. Cities such as Beijing(BJ) and Shijiazhuang(SJZ) issued heavy pollution alerts for the first time and took emergency control measures. This study employed the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System(NAQPMS) to simulate and analyze the three-dimensional structure of the source contributions of PM2.5 in the BTH area during this pollution episode and quantitatively assessed the effects of the emergency control measures. The results showed that during the polluted period(February 19–26), surface PM2.5 mainly originated from local sources(48%–72%). In the entire BTH area, southern Hebei(SHB) represented the largest internal contribution(33%), while the main external contributions came from Shandong(SD)(10%) and Henan(HN)(4%). Vertically, the local contribution was constrained below the near-ground layer, and rapidly decreased with altitude. The regional transport path from SHB and Shanxi(SX) to BJ appeared at 0.5–1.5 and 1.5–2.5 km, with contributions of 32%–42% and 13%–27%, respectively. The non-local source regions for the BTH area were SD below 1 km and mainly SX and HN above 1 km. Compared to the non-polluted period(February 27–28), the contribution from regional transport increased during the polluted period, indicating the key role of regional transport in the pollution formation. The emergency control measures had a relatively large effect on NOx and SO2 concentrations, but a limited effect on PM2.5. The stronger regional transport during the polluted period may have weakened the effects of the local emergency control measures. These results indicated that a coordinated emission control should be implemented not only over the BTH area but also over its surrounding provinces(e.g. SD, HN).

关键词： NAQPMS Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) source contribution emergency control severe haze PM2.5

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Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Atmospheric Brown Carbon Emis-sion from Combustion sources in China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第6期34卷 993-1003页

作者： OUYANG Shuyu JIANG Ke XIONG Rui MEN Yatai LUO Zhihan XING Ran SHEN Guofeng College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityHenan 450001China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Atmospheric Brown Carbon(BrC)with strong wavelength-dependence light-absorption ability can significantly affect radiative *** resolved emission inventories with lower uncertainties are important premise and essential in scientifically evaluating impacts of emissions on air quality,human health and climate *** study developed a bottom-up inventory of primary BrC from combustion sources in China from 1960 to 2016 with a spatial resolution at 0.1°×0.1,based on compiled emission factors and detailed activity *** primary BrC emission in China was about 593 Gg(500-735 Gg as interquartile range)in 2016,contributing to 7%(5%-8%)of a previously estimated global total BrC *** fuel combustion was the largest source of primary BrC in China,with the contribution of 67%as the national average but ranging from 25%to 99%among different provincial ***-ficant spatial disparities were also observed in the relative shares of different fuel *** combustion contribution varied from 8%to 99%across different *** and North China Plain had high emissions of primary ***,on the national scale,spatial distribution of BrC emission density per area was aligned with the population *** BrC emission from combustion sources in China have been declined since a peak of~1300 Gg in 1980,but the temporal trends were distinct in different *** high-resolution inventory developed here enables radiative forcing simulations in future atmospheric models so as to promote better understanding of carbonaceous aerosol impacts in the Earth's climate system and to develop strategies achieving co-benefits of hu-man health protection and climate change.

关键词： atmospheric brown carbon(BrC) emission estimate driving factors high-resolution inventory source contribution China

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An investigation into high-speed train interior noise with operational transfer path analysis method

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第1期29卷 1-14页

作者： Muxiao Li Ziwei Zhu Tiesong Deng Xiaozhen Sheng State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266111China School of Urban Railway Transportation Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China

Passengers’demands for riding comfort have been getting higher and higher as the high-speed railway *** methods to analyze the interior noise of the high-speed train are needed and the operational transfer path analysis(OTPA)method provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the noise control of the train and overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional method,which has high test efficiency and can be carried out during the working state of the targeted *** OTPA model is established from the aspects of“path reference point-target point”and“sound source reference point-target point”.As for the mechanism of the noise transmission path,an assumption is made that the direct sound propagation is ignored,and the symmetric sound source and the symmetric path are *** the operational test data and the OTPA method,combined with the results of spherical array sound source identification,the path contribution and sound source contribution of the interior noise are analyzed,respectively,from aspects of the total value and *** results show that the OTPA conforms to the calculation results of the spherical array sound source *** low speed,the contribution of the floor path and the contribution of the bogie sources are *** the speed is greater than 300 km/h,the contribution of the roof path is ***,for the carriage with a pantograph,the lifted pantograph is an obvious *** noise from the exterior sources of the train transfer into the interior mainly through the form of structural excitation,and the contribution of air excitation is *** analyses of train parts provide guides for the interior noise control.

关键词： High-speed train Interior noise OTPA method Acoustical source identification Transfer path source contribution

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A High Resolution Emission Inventory of Domestic Burning in Rural Region of Northeast China Based on Household Consumption

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第5期30卷 921-933页

作者： ZHAO Hongmei YANG Guangyi XIU Aijun ZHANG Xuelei Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of Sci-encesChangchun 130102China University of Chinese Academy of Science Bejing 100049China

Domestic burning emits large amounts of pollutants into the ambient air due to incomplete and inefficient combustion, with significant impacts on indoor air quality and human health. Northeast China is one of the major contributors to domestic burning emissions in China;however, the high-resolution emissions inventories of domestic biomass and coal burning in Northeast China are lacked, which are needed to estimate the extent of its impact. In this study, we established a town-level emissions inventory of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter(PM) from domestic biomass and coal burning, based on per household consumption in each town in rural region of Northeast China. The results revealed that biomass burning was the major domestic burning source over the region in 2016. Domestic biomass burning is the major contributor to PM and volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emissions, while coal burning is the major contributor to SO2 emissions. High emissions intensities were concentrated around the cities of Harbin, Suihua, Changchun, Qiqihar, and Chifeng, each with emissions intensity for PM2.5 and VOCs of more than 2000 Mg per 27 km × 27 km grid cell. Additionally, there are three burning peaks(6-7 am, 12 pm and 4-7 pm) during both the heating(from October to April) and non-heating seasons(from May to September), due to cooking and heating. The burning peaks in the non-heating season were more notable than those in the heating season. These results suggest that the government should pay more attention to domestic biomass and coal burning in rural areas, in order to reduce pollutant emissions and control regional haze during the heating season.

关键词： residential emission particulate matter(PM) source contribution indoor air pollution spatiotemporal distribution

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