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source apportionment of VOCs in a typical medium-sized city in North China Plain and implications on control policy

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 26-37页

作者： Juanjuan Qin Xiaobo Wang Yanrong Yang Yuanyuan Qin Shaoxuan Shi Peihua Xu Rongzhi Chen Xueming Zhou Jihua Tan Xinming Wang College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Faculty of Earth Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Characteristics of atmospheric VOCs(volatile organic compounds) have been extensively studied in megacities in China, however, they are scarcely investigated in medium/smallsized cities in North China Plain(NCP).A comprehensive research on possible sources of VOCs was conducted in a medium-sized city of NCP, from May to September 2019.A total of 143 canister samples of 8 sites in Xuchang city were collected, and 57 VOC species were *** average VOC concentrations were 42.6 ± 31.6 μg/m3, with 53.7 ± 31.0 μg/m3 and 32.1 ± 27.8 μg/m^(3), in the morning and afternoon, *** and aromatics contributed 80% of the total ozone formation potential(OFP).Aromatics accounted for more than 95% of secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP).VOCs were dominated by the local emission with significant transport from the southeast *** analysis extracted 6 sources, which were combustion(33.1%), LPG usage(19.3%), vehicular exhaust & fuel evaporation(15.8%), solvent usage(15.2%), industrial(9.11%) and biogenic(7.51%), respectively and they contributed 33.4%, 17.6%, 12.9%, 18.6%, 9.28% and 8.22% to the OFP, *** and LPG usage were the dominant VOC sources;and combustion, solvent usage and LPG usage were the main sources of OFP in Xuchang city, which were different to megacities in China with a high contribution from vehicular exhaust, solvent usage and industry,suggesting specific control strategies on VOCs need to be implemented in medium-sized city such as Xuchang city.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds source apportionment Ozone Positive matrix factorization Medium-sized city

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source apportionment of PM2.5 in Tangshan, China --Hybrid approaches for primary and secondary species apportionment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 83-96页

作者： Wei WEN Shuiyuan CHENG Lei LIU Gang WANG Xiaoqi WANG Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China Environmental Meteorology Forecast Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Chinese Meteorological Administration Beijing 100089 China Department of Civil and Resource Engineering Dalhousie University Halifax NS B3H 4RZ Canada Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing 100081 China

The objective of this paper is to propose a hybrid approach for the source apportionment of primary and secondary species of PM2.5 in the city of Tangshan. The receptor-based PMF （Positive Matrix Factorization） is integrated with the emission inventory （El） to form the first hybrid method for the source apportionment of the primary species. The hybrid CAMx-PSAT-CP （Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions - Particulate source *** Technology - Chemical Profile）approach is then proposed and used for the source apportionment of the secondary species. The PM2.5 sources identified for Tangshan included the soil dust, the metallurgical industry, power plants, coal- fired boilers, vehicles, cement production, and other sources. It is indicated that the PM2.5 pollution is a regional issue. Among all the identified sources, the metallurgy industry was the biggest contribution *** PM2.5, followed by coal-fired boilers, vehicles and soil dust. The other-source category plays a crucial role for PM2.5, particularly for the formation of secondary species and aerosols, and these other sources include non-specified sources such as agricultural activities, biomass combustion, residential emissions, etc. The source apportionment results could help the local authorities make sound policies and regulations to better protect the citizens from the local and regional PM2.5 pollution. The study also highlights the strength of utilizing the proposed hybrid approaches in the identification of PM2.5 sources. The techniques used in this study show considerable promise for further application to other regions as well as to identify other source categories of PM2.5.

关键词： Secondary species Emission inventory PM2.5 source apportionment

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source apportionment of PM_(2.5)using PMF combined online bulk and single-particle measurements:Contribution of fireworks and biomass burning

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 325-336页

作者： Yanjing Zhang Wenshuai Li Lei Li Mei Li Zhen Zhou Jianzhen Yu Yang Zhou Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES)and Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoShandong 266100China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoShandong 266100China Institute of Atmospheric Environment Safety and Pollution Control Jinan UniversityGuangdong 510632China Institute of Environment Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Division of Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

Fireworks(FW)could significantly worsen air quality in short term during *** to similar tracers with biomass burning(BB),the fast and precise qualification of FW and BB is still *** this study,online bulk and single-particle measurements were combined to investigate the contributions of FW and BB to the overall mass concentrations of PM_(2.5)and specific chemical species by positive matrix factorization(PMF)during the Chinese New Year in Hong Kong in February *** combined information,fresh/aged FW(abundant ^(140)K_(2)NO_(3)^(+)and ^(213)K_(3)SO_(4)^(+)formed from ^(113)K_(2)Cl^(+)discharged by fresh FW)can be extracted from the fresh/aged BB sources,in addition to the Second Aerosol,Vehicles+Road Dust,and Sea Salt *** contributions of FW and BB were investigated during three high particle matter episodes influenced by the pollution transported from the Pearl River Delta *** fresh BB/FW contributed 39.2%and 19.6%to PM_(2.5)during the Lunar Chinese New Year ***,the contributions of aged FW/BB enhanced in the last two episodes due to the aging process,evidenced by high contributions from secondary ***,the fresh BB/FW showed more significant contributions to nitrate(35.1%and15.0%,respectively)compared with sulfate(25.1%and 5.9%,respectively)and OC(14.8%and11.1%,respectively)on *** comparison,the aged FW contributed more to sulfate(13.4%).Overall,combining online bulk and single-particle measurement data can combine both instruments’advantages and provide a new perspective for applying source apportionment of aerosols using PMF.

关键词： source apportionment PMF Online bulk measurements Single particle analysis Fireworks Biomass burning

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source apportionment of PM_(2.5)and visibility in Jinan,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 207-215页

作者： Mengtian Cheng Guiqian Tang Bo Lv Xingru Li Xinrui Wu Yiming Wang Yuesi Wang Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Jinan Ecological and Environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province Jinan 250000China Capital Normal University Beijing 100048China

Atmospheric extinction is impacted by the chemical composition of *** better understand the chemical composition of PM_(2.5)(particles with diameters of less than 2.5μm)and its relationship with extinction,one-month sampling campaigns were carried out in four different seasons from 2013 to 2014 in Jinan,*** seasonal average concentrations of PM_(2.5)were 120.9(autumn),156.6(winter),102.5(spring),and 111.8μg/m^(3)(summer).The reconstructed PM_(2.5)chemical composition showed that sulfate,nitrate,chlorine salt,organic matter(OM),mineral dust,elemental carbon(EC)and others accounted for 25%,14%,2%,24%,22%,3%and 10%,*** relationship between the chemical composition of PM_(2.5)and visibility was reconstructed by the IMPROVE method,and ammonium sulfate,ammonium nitrate,OM and EC dominated the *** main sources were resolved for PM_(2.5),including secondary particles,coal combustion,biomass burning,industry,motor vehicle exhaust,soil dust and cooking,which accounted for 37%,21%,13%,13%,12%,3%and 1%,*** contributions of different sources to visibility were similar to those to PM_(2.5).With increasing severity of air pollution,the contributions of secondary particles and coal combustion increased,while the contribution of motor vehicle exhaust *** results showed that coal combustion and biomass burning were still the main sources of air pollution in Jinan.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Jinan source apportionment Extinction

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source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in a sediment core from Lake Dagze Co, Tibetan Plateau, China: Comparison of three receptor models

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第11期34卷 224-233页

作者： Yixin Bai Kunlin Shi Heyu Yu Nana Shang Weiyue Hao Chuan Wang Tao Huang Hao Yang Changchun Huang School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Nanjing Normal University) Ministry of EducationNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution(Jiangsu Province) Nanjing 210023China

Receptor models are a useful tool for identifying sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in multiple environmental media. In this study, three different receptor models(including the principal component analysis-multiple linear regression(PCA-MLR), positive matrix factorization(PMF), and Unmix models) were used to apportion the sources of 16 priority PAHs in a sediment core of Lake Dagze Co. The ΣPAHs(sum of all 16 measured PAHs) concentrations ranged from 51.89 to 132.82 ng/g with an average of 80.39 ng/g. TheΣ PAHs were dominated by 2-3 ring PAHs, accounting for 80.12% on average, thereby indicating that they mainly originated from biomass and coal combustion and/or from long-range atmospheric transportation. The three models produced consistent source apportionment results. The greatest contributor to ΣPAHs was biomass combustion, followed by coal combustion, vehicle emissions, and petrogenic sources. Moreover, the temporal variation of the common sources was well-correlated among models. The multi-method comparison and evaluation results showed that all three models were useful tools for source apportionment of PAHs, with the PMF model providing better results than the PCA-MLR and Unmix models. The temporal trends of factor contributions were verified by PAHs with different ring numbers. Significant correlations were found between the simulated concentrations of each source factor and the PAHs with different ring numbers(Psource identified by the Unmix model(P>0.05). This study can provide useful information for further investigation of source apportionment of PAHs in the sediment cores.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) source apportionment Receptor models Sediment core Tibetan Plateau

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source apportionment and specific-source-site risk of quinolone antibiotics for effluent-receiving urban rivers and groundwater in a city, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 185-198页

作者： Yu Zhao Yuanmeng Song Lulu Zhang Bo Zhao Mengqi Lu Jiansheng Cui Wenzhong Tang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085China College of Environment Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

There is a large surface-groundwater exchange downstream ofwastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),and antibiotics upstream may influence sites downstream of ***,samples from 9 effluent-receiving urban rivers(ERURs)and 12 groundwater sites were collected in Shijiazhuang City in December 2020 and April *** ERURs,8 out of 13 target quinolone antibiotics(QNs)were detected,and the total concentration of QNs in December and April were 100.6-4,398 ng/L and 8.02–2,476 ng/L,*** groundwater,all target QNs were detected,and the total QNs concentration was 1.09–23.03 ng/L for December and 4.54–170.3 ng/L for *** distribution of QNs was dissimilar between ERURs and *** QN concentrations were weakly correlated with land use types in the *** results of a positive matrix factorization model(PMF)indicated four potential sources of QNs in both ERURs and groundwater,and WWTP effluents were the main source of *** December to April,the contribution of WWTP effluents and agricultural emissions increased,while livestock activities *** value decomposition(SVD)results showed that the spatial variation of most QNs was mainly contributed by sites downstream(7.09%-88.86%)of ***,a new method that combined the results of SVD and PMF was developed for a specific-source-site risk quotient(SRQ),and the SRQ for QNs was at high level,especially for the sites downstream of *** temporal variation,the SRQ for WWTP effluents,aquaculture,and agricultural emissions ***,in order to control the antibiotic pollution,more attention should be paid to WWTP effluents,aquaculture,and agricultural emission sources for the benefit of sites downstream of WWTPs.

关键词： source apportionment Singular value decomposition Positive matrix factorization model Quinolone antibiotics(QNs) Specific-source-site risk quotient(SRQ) WWTP effluents

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source apportionment of heavy metals in soils around a coal gangue heap with the APCS-MLR and PMF receptor models in Chongqing,southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第4期20卷 1061-1073页

作者： MA Jie SHEN Zhi-jie WANG Sheng-lan DENG Li SUN Jing LIU Ping SHE Ze-lei Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Chongqing401147China Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing Chongqing401147China College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences Chongqing402160China

This study studied the characteristics and source apportionment of heavy metal pollution in the agricultural soil surrounding a gangue coal heap in Chongqing,China by using absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression(APCSMLR)model and positive matrix factorization(PMF)*** applicability of the models was compared in the assessment of source *** results showed that the average contents of Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cr,Cu,Ni,and Zn in the surface soil were 0.46,0.14,9.66,31.2,127,95.6,76.0,and 158 mg/kg,*** with the spatial distribution and correlation analyses,the results of source apportionment were consistent for both the APCSMLR and PMF ***,Hg,As,and Pb were mainly affected by the gangue heap accumulation,with respective contributions of 74.6%,79.4%,69.1%,and 67.2%based on the APCS-MLR model and respective contributions of 69.7%,60.7%,57.4%,and 41.9%based on the PMF *** and Zn were mainly affected by industrial and agricultural activities,while Cr and Cu were mainly affected by natural *** results of the source apportionment were approximately consistent between the APCS-MLR and PMF *** combined application of the two receptor models can make the results of source apportionment more comprehensive,accurate,and reliable.

关键词： Coal gangue heap Heavy metals Agricultural soil source apportionment

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source apportionment of river water pollution in a typical agricultural city of Anhui Province, eastern China using multivariate statistical techniques with APCS– MLR

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 165-174页

作者： Kai Chen Qi-meng Liu Wei-hua Peng Yu Liu Zi-tao Wang State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine Huainan 232001China School of Earth and Environment Anhui University of Science&TechnologyHuainan 232001China Key Laboratory of Mine Water Resource Utilization of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000China Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China

The deterioration of the surface water environment has become a serious challenge for water resources management due to increasing anthropogenic disturbance. Water resources protection requires control of potential pollution sources. In this study, 99 water samples were collected from a river in a typical agricultural city of Anhui Province in eastern China, and these samples were analyzed in terms of pH, electrical conductivity, and the concentrations of F-, Cl-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, As, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Cluster analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and principal component analysis/factor analysis were conducted to qualitatively identify the potential sources of river water pollution in the study area. An absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression receptor model was used to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each source to water quality parameters. The results showed that all observed water quality indices met the quality criteria specified in the Chinese drinking water standards, except for pH, ρ(F-), ρ(SO42-), and ρ(As). The heat map showed that the frequent recharge of pollutants from the tributaries during the wet season was the main reason for the deterioration of water quality. Five sources of river water pollution were identified, and their contribution ratios in a descending order were as follows: the geogenic process (24%) > agricultural activities (21%) > poultry farming sources (17%) > domestic pollution (9%) > transportation pollution (5%). Therefore, controlling pollution from agricultural activities, strengthening the regulation of livestock farming, and improving the sewage network are the recommended strategies for improving the quality of surface water resources in this area.

关键词： Surface water Water quality source apportionment APCS-MLR model Huaihe river basin

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source apportionment and ecological risk assessment of PAHs in surface sediments from the Liaodong Bay,northern China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第4期37卷 12-21页

作者： ZHANG Yufeng WU Jinhao SONG Lun SONG Yonggang YANG Meng WANG Nianbin HAN Jiabo GUAN Daoming College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute Dalian 116023 China Liaoning Ocean Environment Monitoring Station Dalian 116023 China Dalian Environmental Monitoring Center Dalian 116023 China National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Dalian 116023 China

The sources and ecological risk from sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediment in the Liaodong Bay were investigated from 2014 to *** total concentrations of PAHs ranged from 88.5 to 347.1 ng/g,and the high value occurred in the central region of the Liaodong *** analysis identified two site clusters representing the coastal region affected by land-based pollution and the central region of the Liaodong *** component analysis-multiple linear regression and diagnostic ratios suggested that PAHs contaminants originated from a mixture of combustion and petroleum sources,and the major was combustion *** on sediment quality guideline,naphthalene,acenaphthylene,acenaphthene,phenanthrene and dibenz[a,h]anthracene may occasionally cause adverse biological effects in some *** toxic equivalent concentrations of carcinogenic PAHs indicated low carcinogenic risk for the Liaodong *** ecological risk and toxic pollution levels of PAHs were higher in the central region than in the coastal region along the Liaodong Bay.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Liaodong Bay source apportionment ecological risk assessment,sediment

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source apportionment of ambient PM_(10) in urban areas of Wuxi,China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第4期5卷 552-563页

作者： Bo HAN Xiaohui BI Yonghua XUE Jianhui WU Tan ZHU Baogui ZHANG Jianqing DING Yuanxin DU College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Center Jiangsu 214023China

A total of 168 PM_(10)samples were collected during the year of 2005 at eight sites in the city of Wuxi in *** chemical elements,three water-soluble ions,total carbon and organic carbon were *** source categories were identified and their contributions to ambient PM_(10)in Wuxi were estimated using a nested chemical mass balance method that reduces the effects of colinearity on the chemical mass balance *** addition,the concentrations of secondary aerosols,such as secondary organic carbon,sulfate and nitrate,were *** spatially averaged PM_(10)was high in the spring and winter(123μg·m^(-3)and low in the summer-fall(90μg·m^(-3)).According to the result of source apportionment,resuspended dust was the largest contributor to ambient PM_(10),accounting for more than 50%of the PM_(10)*** combustion(14.6%)and vehicle exhaust(9.4%)were also significant source categories of ambient PM_(10).Construction and cement dust,sulfates,secondary organic carbon,and nitrates made contributions ranging between 4.1%and 4.9%.Other source categories such as steel manufacturing dust and soil dust made low contributions to ambient PM_(10).

关键词： source apportionment inhalable particulate matter nested chemical mass balance method

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