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modelling impacts of acid deposition and groundwater level on habitat quality and plant species diversity

Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 273-291页

作者： J.Kros J.P.Mol-Dijkstra G.W.W.Wamelink G.J.Reinds Avan Hinsberg W.de Vries Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen University and ResearchP.O.Box 476700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency PO Box 3033720 BABilthovenWageningenThe Netherlands Environmental Systems Analysis Group Wageningen University and ResearchP.O.Box 476700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands

Introduction:We quantified the effects of the site factors pH and nitrate(NO_(3))concentration in soil solution and groundwater level on the vegetation of terrestrial ecosystems for the Netherlands in response to changes in atmospheric nitrogen(N)and sulphur(S)deposition and groundwater level over the period *** assessment was made with the SMART2 model,a simple one-layer model including geochemical buffer processes,element cycling by litterfall,mineralisation and uptake,nitrogen transformation processes and element input through deposition,weathering and upward ***:To assess the effects of changes in abiotic site factors on the vegetation,we developed a simple plant diversity indicator for grassland,heathland and forest,based on the occurrence of target plant species and competing *** occurrence was calculated from the preferred ranges of each species for the NO_(3) concentration and pH in soil solution and mean spring groundwater *** in the plant diversity indicator were assessed from effects of changes in the occurrence of target and competing plant species in response to changes in mean spring groundwater level and in pH and NO_(3) concentration,as calculated with *** were made for combinations of five vegetation structure types(three forest types,semi-natural grassland and heathland)and seven soil types(three sandy soils,two clay soils,peat and loess soils)using a 250×250 m *** used data for atmospheric deposition and groundwater level in the past to assess trends between 1990 and 2010 and evaluated two future scenarios for the period 2010-2030:a Business as Usual and an Improved Environment ***:Comparison of model predictions on pH and NO_(3) with measured soil solution concentrations for forest showed a reasonable to good agreement for pH but rather poor for NO_(3).The largest impacts were found for the combination of the two Improved Environment ***:Reductions in N

关键词： Nutrient cycling soil modelling Biodiversity Acidification Scenario analysis

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