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The Combination of Achnatherum inebrians Extracts and soil microorganisms Inhibited Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Elymus nutans

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 567-580页

作者： Rui Zhang Taixiang Chen Zhenjiang Chen Hao Chen Xuekai Wei Malik Kamran Chunjie Li State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Animal Husbandry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland AgricultureMinistry of EducationWest Gansu Province Prataculture Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730020China Center for Grassland Research National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCaFBeijing100091China

In a greenhouse experiment,the effects of soil microorganisms and extracts of Achnatherum inebrians on the seed germination and seedling growth of Elymus nutans were studied.The results showed that both the extracts from aboveground and belowground parts of A.inebrians signiﬁcantly inhibited the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling height,root length,and fresh weight of E.nutans,but increased malondialdehyde content,catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity of E.nutans seedlings(psoil than in sterilized soil.soil microorganisms increased the allelopathy of A.inebrians.The seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,and seedling fresh weight of E.nutans planted in live soil decreased by 8.22%-48.48%,10.00%-51.85%,8.19%-53.26%,16.43%-60.03%,12.91%-28.81%,and 9.09%-22.86%compared with sterilized soil,respectively.Malondialdehyde content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity of E.nutans planted in live soil increased by 53.91%-81.06%,15.71%-57.34%,33.33%-86.31%,and 9.78%-52.51%compared with sterilized soil,respectively.The existence of soil microorganisms enhanced the allelopathy of the secondary metabolites of A.inebrians.A combination of microorganisms and aqueous extracts from the aboveground parts of A.inebrians had the strongest allelopathic effect on E.nutans.

关键词： Achnatherum inebrians water immersion liquid aqueous leachate precipitate allelopathy Elymus nutans soil microorganisms

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Responses of plant diversity and soil microorganism diversity to nitrogen addition in the desert steppe,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 447-459页

作者： YE He HONG Mei XU Xuehui LIANG Zhiwei JIANG Na TU Nare WU Zhendan College of Grassland Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient ResourcesHohhot 010018China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at University of Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010018China

Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attention.soil microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth,especially in nutrient-poor desert steppe ecosystems.However,the effects of N deposition on plant-soil microbial community interactions in such ecosystems remain poorly understood.To investigate these effects,we conducted a 6-year N-addition field experiment in a Stipa breviflora Griseb.desert steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Four N treatment levels(N0,N30,N50,and N100,corresponding to 0,30,50,and 100 kg N/(hm2•a),respectively)were applied to simulate atmospheric N deposition.The results showed that N deposition did not significantly affect the aboveground biomass of desert steppe plants.N deposition did not significantly reduce the alfa-diversity of plant and microbial communities in the desert steppe,and low and mediate N additions(N30 and N50)had a promoting effect on them.The variation pattern of plant Shannon index was consistent with that of the soil bacterial Chao1 index.N deposition significantly affected the beta-diversity of plants and soil bacteria,but did not significantly affect fungal communities.In conclusion,N deposition led to co-evolution between desert steppe plants and soil bacterial communities,while fungal communities exhibited strong stability and did not undergo significant changes.These findings help clarify atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of the desert steppe.

关键词： soil microorganisms plant-microbial community interaction plant diversity nitrogen deposition desert steppe

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Response of soil microorganisms to vegetational succession in Ziwuling Forest

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009年第4期3卷 421-427页

作者： Hong ZHANG Jialong LU Shiwei ZHAO College of Resource and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China

This study investigates the changes in soil microbial populations as vegetational succession progress from abandoned farmland to climax forest in the Ziwuling Forest,which is located in the northern part of the Loess Plateau,China.Different organic C and total extractable N between the fumigated and non-fumigated soils were assumed to be released from soil microorganisms.soil microbial C was calculated using Kec=0.38 and microbial N was calculated using Ken=0.45.The released P was converted to microbial biomass P using Kep=0.40.soil bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes increased as the vegetational succession progressed.Microbial C was of the highest amount in farmland.Microbial C,N,and P generally increased from abandoned land to climax community.The results indicated significant(Psoil microbial biomass under different vegetation.There was a significant correlation between microbial biomass and soil nutrients.Knowledge about soil microbial populations is important for forecasting vegetational succession and determining the ecological condition of the environment.

关键词： soil microorganisms vegetational succession Ziwuling Forest

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Review on the Effects of Combined Pollution of Lead and Chromium on soil microorganisms and Treatment Methods

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第9期8卷 140-150页

作者： Guangyao Yang Hongsheng Wu Xiaoling Ma Yujie Tang Jia Li Yao Chai Chaomin Wang Haichao Yang Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

Heavy metals—Pb and Cr are important causes of environmental pollution, and they often coexist in nature. At present, the effects of Pb and Cr toxicity on soil microorganisms have been less studied, in soil environment which is extremely complex. Simulating soil environment and studying microbial reaction under various heavy metal conditions are of great significance for revealing microbial tolerance to heavy metals. In this paper, firstly, the related concepts of soil rechecking pollution are discussed, and the physical and chemical properties and forms of lead and chromium are introduced accordingly. Secondly, the effects of combined pollution of lead and chromium on soil microbial biomass, soil microbial community structure and soil microbial activity were discussed. Finally, the relevant treatment methods of heavy metal contaminated soil were put forward.

关键词： Compound Pollution Heavy Metals soil microorganisms

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Degradation of Bioplastics in soil and Their Degradation Effects on Environmental microorganisms

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2016年第1期5卷 23-34页

作者： Dinesh Adhikari Masaki Mukai Kenzo Kubota Takamitsu Kai Nobuyuki Kaneko Kiwako S. Araki Motoki Kubo Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences Biwako-Kusatsu Campus Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Shiga Japan

Degradation of three kinds of bioplastics and their effects on microbial biomass and microbial diversity in soil environment were analyzed. The degradation rate of bioplastic in soil was closely related to the main components in the bioplastics. Poly (butylene succinate)-starch (PBS-starch) and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) were degraded by 1% to 7% after 28 days in a soil with an initial bacterial biomass of 1.4 × 109 cells/g-soil, however poly lactic acid (PLA) was not degraded in the soil after 28 days. When the powdered-bioplastics were examined for the degradation in the soil, PBS-starch also showed the highest degradability (24.4% degradation after 28 days), and the similar results were obtained in the case of long-term degradation experiment (2 years). To investigate the effect of bacterial biomass in soil on biodegradability of bioplastics, PBS-starch was buried in three kinds of soils differing in bacterial biomass (7.5 × 106, 7.5 × 107, and 7.5 × 108 cells/g-soil). The rate of bioplastic degradation was enhanced accompanied with an increase of the bacterial biomass in soil. 16S rDNA PCR-DGGE analysis indicated that the bacterial diversity in the soil was not affected by the degradation of bioplastics. Moreover, the degradation of bioplastic did not affect the nitrogen circulation activity in the soil.

关键词： Bioplastics Biodegradation soil microorganisms Bacterial Diversity

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Effects of rumen microorganisms on the decomposition of recycled straw residue

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第4期24卷 336-344页

作者： Kailun SONG Zicheng ZHOU Jinhai LENG Songwen FANG Chunhuo ZHOU Guorong NI Lichun KANG Xin YIN College of Land Resources and Environment Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Key Innovation Center of Agricultural Waste Resource Utilization and Non-point Source Pollution Prevention and Control of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330045China College of Engineering Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

Recently,returning straw to the fields has been proved as a direct and effective method to tackle soil nutrient loss and agricultural pollution.Meanwhile,the slow decomposition of straw may harm the growth of the next crop.This study aimed to determine the effects of rumen microorganisms(RMs)on straw decomposition,bacterial microbial community structure,soil properties,and soil enzyme activity.The results showed that RMs significantly enhanced the degradation rate of straw in the soil,reaching 39.52%,which was 41.37%higher than that of the control on the 30th day after straw return.After 30 d,straw degradation showed a significant slower trend in both the control and the experimental groups.According to the soil physicochemical parameters,the application of rumen fluid expedited soil matter transformation and nutrient buildup,and increased the urease,sucrase,and cellulase activity by 10%‒20%.The qualitative analysis of straw showed that the hydroxyl functional group structure of cellulose in straw was greatly damaged after the application of rumen fluid.The analysis of soil microbial community structure revealed that the addition of rumen fluid led to the proliferation of Actinobacteria with strong cellulose degradation ability,which was the main reason for the accelerated straw decomposition.Our study highlights that returning rice straw to the fields with rumen fluid inoculation can be used as an effective measure to enhance the biological value of recycled rice straw,proposing a viable solution to the problem of sluggish straw decomposition.

关键词： Rumen microorganisms(RMs) Straw return Microbial inoculant Decomposed straw soil microorganisms

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Response of soil respiration to short-term changes in precipitation and nitrogen addition in a desert steppe

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第9期15卷 1084-1106页

作者： MA Jinpeng PANG Danbo HE Wenqiang ZHANG Yaqi WU Mengyao LI Xuebin CHEN Lin College of Forestry and Prataculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China College of Ecological Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Changes in precipitation and nitrogen(N)addition may significantly affect the processes of soil carbon(C)cycle in terrestrial ecosystems,such as soil respiration.However,relatively few studies have investigated the effects of changes in precipitation and N addition on soil respiration in the upper soil layer in desert steppes.In this study,we conducted a control experiment that involved a field simulation from July 2020 to December 2021 in a desert steppe in Yanchi County,China.Specifically,we measured soil parameters including soil temperature,soil moisture,total nitrogen(TN),soil organic carbon(SOC),soil microbial biomass carbon(SMBC),soil microbial biomass nitrogen(SMBN),and contents of soil microorganisms including bacteria,fungi,actinomyces,and protozoa,and determined the components of soil respiration including soil respiration with litter(RS+L),soil respiration without litter(RS),and litter respiration(RL)under short-term changes in precipitation(control,increased precipitation by 30%,and decreased precipitation by 30%)and N addition(0.0 and 10.0 g/(m^(2)·a))treatments.Our results indicated that short-term changes in precipitation and N addition had substantial positive effects on the contents of TN,SOC,and SMBC,as well as the contents of soil actinomyces and protozoa.In addition,N addition significantly enhanced the rates of RS+L and RS by 4.8%and 8.0%(P0.05).The mean RL/RS+L value observed under all treatments was 27.63%,which suggested that RL is an important component of soil respiration in the desert steppe ecosystems.The results also showed that short-term changes in precipitation and N addition had significant interactive effects on the

关键词： soil respiration litter respiration nitrogen deposition soil carbon soil microorganisms climate change desert steppe ecosystems

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Immediate and long-term effects of invasive plant species on soil characteristics

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soil Ecology Letters 2022年第3期4卷 276-288页

作者： Irene M.Unger Robert J.Kremer Kristen S.Veum Keith W.Goyne Department of Biology and Chemistry Baker UniversityP.O.Box 65Baldwin CityKS 66006USA School of Natural Resources University of Missouri 302 ABNR Bldg.ColumbiaMO 65211USA USDA-ARS Cropping Systems and Water Quality UnitUniversity of Missouri302 ABNR Bldg.ColumbiaMO 65211USA Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation Virginia Tech324 Cheatham HallBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Invasive plant species may alter soil characteristics or interact with the soil microbial community resulting in a competitive advantage.Our objectives were to determine:i)if invasive plant species alter soil properties;and ii)the long-term effects of invasive plant species on soil properties and subsequent implications on ecological restoration efforts.We focused on Lespedeza cuneata,a plant that may be allelopathic.soil samples were collected from four locations in Central Missouri,USA:an old-field with abundant L.cuneata,two reconstructed sites,and a remnant prairie that has never been plowed.soil health indictors were used to characterize soil properties at these sites.Nearly every soil property differed significantly between the unplowed prairie reference site and the other three sites.The reconstructed sites,however,generally did not differ from the invaded old-field.These results indicate that the reconstructed prairies are not fully recovered.Although above-ground traits,such as the plant community structure,appear similar to the prairie,the soil microbial community structure still resembles that of an invaded old-field site.These results indicate that more time may be needed before soil microbial populations fully recover after invasive plant removal.

关键词： Sericea lespedeza Legacy effects soil microorganisms

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Phospholipid fatty acid patterns of microbial communities in paddy soil under different fertilizer treatments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第1期19卷 55-59页

作者： ZHANG Qi-chun WANG Guang-huo YAO Huai-ying Department of Natural Resources Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

The microbial communities under irrigated rice cropping with different fertilizer treatments, including control （CK）, PK, NK, NP, NPK fertilization, were investigated using phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） profile method. The results of this study revealed that the fertilizer practice had an impact on the community structure of specific microbial groups. The principal components analysis （PCA） showed that proportion of the actinomycete PLFAs （10Me 18：0 and 10Me 16：0） were the lowest in the PK treatment and the highest in the NPK treatment, which means that soil nitrogen status affected the diversity of actinomycetes, whereas nitrogen cycling was related to the actinomycets. Under CK treatment, the ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria was lower compared with that in fertilizer addition treatments, indicating that fertilizer application stimulated Gram-positive bacterial population in paddy soil. The fatty acid 18：2to6,9, which is considered to be predominantly of fungal origin, was at low level in all the treatments. The ratio of cyl9：0 to 18：1 to7, which has been proposed as an indicator of stress conditions, decreased in PK treatment. Changes of soil microbial community under different fertilizer treatments of paddy soil were detected in this study; however, the causes that lead to changes in the microbial community still needs further study.

关键词： paddy soil fertilizers soil microorganisms community structure PLFA PCA

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The soil Microbial Carbon Pump as a new concept for terrestrial carbon sequestration

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第4期64卷 545-558页

作者： Chao LIANG Xuefeng ZHU Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

soil is a huge terrestrial carbon pool, which has higher carbon storage than the sum of atmospheric and terrestrial vegetation carbon. Small fluctuations in soil carbon pool can affect regional carbon flux and global climate change. As soil organic carbon plays key roles in soil carbon storage and sequestration, studying its composition, sources and stability mechanism is a key to deeply understand the functions of terrestrial ecosystem and how it will respond to climate changes. The recently-proposed concept of soil Microbial Carbon Pump(MCP) emphasizes the importance of soil microbial anabolism and its contributions to soil carbon formation and stabilization, which can be applied for elucidating the source, formation and sequestration of soil organic carbon. This article elaborates MCP-mediated soil carbon sequestration mechanism and its influencing factors, as well as representative scientific questions we may explore with the soil MCP conceptual framework.

关键词： soil Microbial Carbon Pump Entombing Effect Carbon cycling soil microorganisms soil organic carbon Microbial residues Amino sugars soil fauna

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