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Succession of soil acidity Quality and its Influence on soil Phosphorus Types

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2004年第4期3卷 17-29页

作者： DUANWenbiao CHENLixin CollegeofForestryNortheastForestryUniversity150040HarbinP.R.China

Succession rules of soil acidity quality of larch plantations in first rotation at different development stages, succession rules of soil acidity quality of young stand of larch plantations in second rotation and the relationship between soil acidity and various forms of organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus were studied in mountainous area of eastern part of Northeastern China. The results showed that active acidity (pH value) inrhizosphere soil decreased continually with stand age increasing from young stand, half-mature stand, near mature stand to mature stand, but active acidity (pH value) in non-rhizosphere soil, exchange acidity, exchangeable aluminium, total hydrolytic acidity, and the ratio of exchange acidity and total hydrolytic acidity in rhizosphere soil and in non-rhizosphere soil increased apparently; total organic P, moderately resistant organic P, and highly resistant organic P in soil decreased at all age stages in larch plantations when soil acidity added. For rhizosphere soil of all stands of larch plantations at different development stages,there was positive correlation between Ca-P (except in young stand), Al-P(except in half-mature stand), Fe-P (except in near mature stand and mature stand), O-P (except in young stand), and soil active acidity,respectively; For rhizosphere soil, there was negative correlation between Ca-P (except in half-mature stand), Al-P(except in young stand), O-P, and exchange acidity, exchangeable aluminium, there was also negative correlation between Ca-P, Al-P(except in young stand and half-mature stand), Fe-P, O-P, and total hydrolytic acidity respectively. For rhizosphere soil, the correlation coefficient between Ca-P, O-P and total hydrolytic aciditydecreased, respectively, as stand ages up and that between Fe-P and exchange acidity,exchangeable aluminium increased, respectively, as stand ages grew. For non-rhizosphere soil, there was not significant correlation between soil acidity and various forms of inorga

关键词： larch plantation soil acidity inorganic phosphorus organic phosphorus correlation

Effect of Saline Water on soil acidity, Alkalinity and Nutrients Leaching in Sandy Loamy soil in Rwamagana Bella Flower Farm, Rwanda

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 15-35页

作者： Abel Mwubahaman Wali Umaru Garba Hussein Bizimana Jean de Dieu Bazimenyera Eric Derrick Bugenimana Jean Nepomuscene Nsengiyumva Department of Irrigation and Drainage School of Agriculture Engineering College of Agriculture Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda Nyagatare Campus Kigali Rwanda Department of Agricultural Engineering Rwanda Polytechnic—IPRC Gishari Kigali Rwanda

The necessity to saline and sodic waters is sometimes used for irrigating agricultural activities under certain circumstances, but it is important to note that the use of these waters comes with specific considerations and limitations. One way to decrease undesirable effects of sodic waters on the physical and chemical properties of soils is to apply organic and chemical amendments within the soil. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of saline water on soil acidity, alkalinity and nutrients leaching in sandy loamy soil at Bella flower farm, in Rwamagana District, Rwanda. The water used was from the Muhazi Lake which is classified as Class I (Saline water quality). Column leaching experiments using treated soils were then conducted under saturated conditions. The soil under experimental was first analyzed for its textural classification, soil properties and is classified as sandy loamy soil. The t-test was taken at 1%, 5% and 10% levels of statistical significance compared to control soil. The results indicated that the application of saline water to soils caused an increase in some soil nutrients like increase of Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Sulphur (S), CN ratio and Sodium (Na+) and decreased soil texture, physical and chemical properties and remained soil nutrients. Consequently, the intensive addition of saline water leachates to soil in PVC pipes led to decreased of soil EC through leaching and a raiser Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP). The rate of saline water application affected the increase accumulation of SAR and Na% in the top soil layers. The study indicated that saline water is an inefficient amendment for sandy soil with saline water irrigation. The study recommends further studies with similar topic with saline water irrigation, as it accentuated the alkalinity levels.

关键词： Nutrients Leaching Saline Water soil acidity soil Alkalinity

Surface Amendments Can Ameliorate Subsoil acidity in Tea Garden soils of High-Rainfall Environments

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Pedosphere 2016年第2期26卷 180-191页

作者： WANG Lei Clayton R. BUTTERLY CHEN Qiuhui MU Zhibo WANG Xia XI Yunguan ZHANG Jibing XIAO Xingji Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Environmental Protection Nanjing 210032 China State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China AgriBio Centre for Agri-Bioscience La Trobe University Melbourne VIC 3086 Australia Suzhou Xiangcheng District Environmental Monitoring Station Suzhou 215100 China

Strongly acidic soils （pH 〈 5.0） are detrimental to tea （Camellia sinensis） production and quality. Little information exists on the ability of surface amendments to ameliorate subsoil acidity in the tea garden soils. A 120-d glasshouse column leaching experiment was conducted using commonly available soil ameliorants. Alkaline slag （AS） and organic residues, pig manure （PM） and rapeseed cake （RC） differing in ash alkalinity and C/N ratio were incorporated alone and in combination into the surface （0-15 cm） of soil columns （10 cm internal diameter x 50 cm long） packed with soil from the acidic soil layer （15-30 cm） of an Ultisol （initial pH -- 4.4）. During the 120-d experiment, the soil columns were watered （about 127 mm over 9 applications） according to the long-term mean annual rainfall （1 143 mm） and the leachates were collected and analyzed. At the end of the experiment, soil columns were partitioned into various depths and the chemical properties of soil were measured. The PM with a higher C/N ratio increased subsoil pH, whereas the RC with a lower C/N ratio decreased subsoil pH. However, combined amendments had a greater ability to reduce subsoil acidity than either of the amendments alone. The increases in pH of the subsoil were mainly ascribed to decreased base cation concentrations and the decomposition of organic anions present in dissolved organic carbon （DOC） and immobilization of nitrate that had been leached down from the amended layer. A significant （P 〈 0.05） correlation between alkalinity production （reduced exchangeable acidity - N-cycle alkalinity） and alkalinity balance （net alkalinity production - N-cycle alkalinity） was observed at the end of the experiment. Additionally, combined amendments significantly increased （P ~ 0.05） subsoil cation concentrations and decreased subsoil A1 saturation （P 〈 0.05）. Combined applications of AS with organic amendments to surface soils are effective in reducing subsoil acidity in high-rainfall areas. Further i

关键词： Al saturation leaching nitrate organic amendments organic anions pH soil acidity soil alkalinity

Amendment of Acid soils with Crop Residues and Biochars

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Pedosphere 2011年第3期21卷 302-308页

作者： YUAN Jin-Hua XU Ren-Kou WANG Ning LI Jiu-Yu State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 (China) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China)

The liming potential of some crop residues and their biochars on an acid Ultisol was investigated using incubation experiments. Rice hulls showed greater liming potential than rice hull biochar, while soybean and pea straws had less liming potential than their biochars. Due to their higher alkalinity, biochars from legume materials increased soil pH much compared to biochars from non-legume materials. The alkalinity of biochars was a key factor affecting their liming potential, and the greater alkalinity of biochars led to greater reductions in soil acidity. The incorporation of biochars decreased soil exchangeable acidity and increased soil exchangeable base cations and base saturation, thus improving soil fertility.

关键词： alkalinity exchangeable base cations inorganic N liming potential soil acidity

Optimizing Nitrogen Use Efficiency for No-Till Corn Production by Improving Root Growth and Capturing NO_(3)-N in Subsoil

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 474-485页

作者： Eduardo F. CAIRES Renato ZARDO FILHO Gabriel BARTH Helio A. W. JORIS Department of soil Science and Agricultural Engineering State University of Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa 84030-900 Green Circle Growers 51051 US FIighway 20 Oberlin OH 44074 ABC Foundation Research and Agricultural Development Castro 84165-700

Subsoil acidity restricts root growth and reduces crop yields in many parts of the world. More than half of the fertilizer nitrogen(N) applied in crop production is currently lost to the environment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of gypsum application on the efficiency of N fertilizer in no-till corn(Zea mays L.) production in southern Brazil. A field experiment examined the effects of surface-applied gypsum(0, 5, 10, and 15 Mg ha^(-1)) and top-dressed ammonium nitrate(NH_4NO_3)(60, 120, and 180 kg N ha^(-1)) on corn root length, N uptake, and grain yield. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using undisturbed soil columns collected from the field experiment site to evaluate NO_3-N leaching, N uptake, and root length with surface-applied gypsum(0 and 10 Mg ha^(-1)) and top-dressed NH_4NO_3(0 and 180 kg N ha^(-1)). Amelioration of subsoil acidity due to gypsum application increased corn root growth,N uptake, grain yield, and N use efficiency. Applying gypsum to the soil surface increased corn grain yield by 19%–38% and partial factor productivity of N(PFPN) by 27%–38%, depending on the N application rate. Results of the undisturbed soil column greenhouse experiment showed that improvement of N use efficiency by gypsum application was due to the higher N uptake from NO_3-N in the subsoil as a result of increased corn root length. Our results suggest that ameliorating subsoil acidity with gypsum in a no-till corn system could increase N use efficiency, improve grain yield, and reduce environmental risks due to NO_3-N leaching.

关键词： ammonium nitrate grain yield N uptake nitrate leaching partial factor productivity of nitrogen soil acidity

Climatic and Edaphic Controls on soil pH in Alpine Grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau,China:A Quantitative Analysis

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Pedosphere 2014年第1期24卷 39-44页

作者： JI Cheng-Jun YANG Yuan-He HAN Wen-Xuan HE Yan-Fang J.SMITH P.SMITH Department of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Institute of Biological & Environmental Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Aberdeen

soil acidity is an important parameter that can regulate ecosystem structure and ***,a quantitative understanding of the relationships between soil pH and environmental factors remains *** this study,relationships of soil pH with both climatic and edaphic factors in alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau,China were quantified using data obtained from a regional soil survey during *** results showed that soil pH decreased along the gradient of both mean annual temperature and ***,soil pH exhibited consistent negative correlations with soil moisture and silt ***,soil organic and inorganic carbon contents played opposite roles in shaping patterns of soil pH:the accumulation of soil organic matter led to higher soil acidity,while the existence of soil inorganic matter was favorable for maintaining higher soil *** variation partitioning analysis indicated that the combination of climatic and edaphic variables explained 74.3%of the variation in soil *** results suggest that soil pH could be predicted from routinely-measured variables,allowing a robust pedotransfer function to be *** pedotransfer function may facilitate land surface models to generate more reliable predictions on ecosystem structure and function around the world.

关键词： climate soil acidity soil inorganic carbon soil organic carbon soil texture

Aluminum-Enhanced Proton Release Associated with Plasma Membrane H^+-Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity and Excess Cation Uptake in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plant Roots

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Pedosphere 2018年第5期28卷 804-813页

作者： WAN Qing MI Yuhe YANG Yiyang Xu Renkou LI Xinghui Tea Research Institute Nanjing Agriculture University Institute of Leisure Agriculture Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

Cultivated tea(Camellia sinensis) plants acidify the rhizosphere, and Aluminum(Al) toxicity is recognized as a major limiting factor for plant growth in acidic soils. However, the mechanisms responsible for rhizosphere acidification associated with Al have not been fully elucidated. The present study examined the effect of Al on root-induced rhizosphere acidification, plasma membrane H^+-adenosine triphosphatase(H^+-ATPase) activity, and cation-anion balance in tea plant roots. The exudation of H^+from tea plant roots with or without Al treatment was visualized using an agar sheet with bromocresol purple. The H^+-ATPase activity of plasma membranes isolated from the roots was measured after hydrolysis using the two-phase partition system. The Al treatment strongly enhanced the exudation of H^+, and the acidification of tea plant roots by Al was closely associated with plasma membrane H^+-ATPase activity. The root plasma membrane H^+-ATPase activity increased with Al concentration. The Al content, amount of protons released, and H^+-ATPase activity were significantly higher in roots treated with Al than in those untreated. The results of the cation-anion balance in roots showed an excess of cations relative to anions, with the amount of excess cation uptake increasing with increasing Al concentrations. These suggest that Al-enhanced proton release is associated with plasma membrane H^+-ATPase activity and excess cation uptake. Findings of this study would provide insights into the contributing factors of soil acidification in tea plantations.

关键词： acidification aluminum toxicity cation-anion balance nutrient accumulation plant uptake rhizosphere soil acidity

Volatile organic compound emission and biochemical properties of degraded Ultisols ameliorated by no tillage and liming

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 597-606页

作者： Laura GIAGNONI Cosimo TAITI Paloma LEON Corrado COSTA Paolo MENESATTI Rafael ESPEJO Clara GOMEZ-PACCARD Chiquinquira HONTORIA Eduardo VAZQUEZ Marta BENITO Stefano MANCUSO Giancarlo RENELLA Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceP.le delle Cascine 18Florence 50144(Italy) Departamento de Production Agraria E.T.S.I.AgrondmicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridAvda.Complutense s/nMadrid 28040(Spain) Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e I'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria(CREA)-Unita di Ricerca per ilngegneria Agraria via della Pascolare 16Monterotondo ScaloRM 00015(Italy) Department of soil Biogeochemistry and soil Ecology University of BayreuthDr.Hans-Frisch-Strafie 1-3Bayreuth 95448(Germany) University of Padua Department of AgronomyFoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)Viale dell'Universita 16Legnaro 35020(Italy)

TTie Ultisols in the Rana de Canamero area in Southwest Spain showed aluminum(Al)phytotoxicity,and the clearance of natural vegetation and decades of intensive conventional agriculture caused the deplation of soil organic matter(SOM).Therefore,we studied the long-term effects of no tillage and liming using sugar beet foam(SF)and red gypsum(RG),alone or in combination,on the restoration of Ultisols affected by acidification,Al phytotoxicity,and SOM *** measured the main soil chemical properties,soil microbial biomass,soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur mineralization,and the emission of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).The results indicated that liming effectively neutralized the soil acidity in the long term and,in combination with no tillage,significantly increased soil microbial biomass and enzyme ***-three VOCs were detected using the proton transfer reaction-time of flight(PTR-ToF)technique,and both liming and tillage changed the VOC emission *** greatest difference in VOC emission pattern was observed between no-tilled un-amended soils and tilled lime-amended soils,suggesting the activation of different metabolic pathways within the microbial communities of soils under different *** in VOC emission patterns could be attributed to the decomposition of carbohydrates,which were also sustained by the higher enzyme activities in the lime-amended soils.

关键词： carbohydrate decomposition degraded soils long-term field trial soil acidity soil enzyme activities soil microbial biomass soil restoration

Potential of biochar and organic amendments for reclamation of coastal acidic-salt affected soil

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 107-120页

作者： Viraj Gunarathne Athula Senadeera Udaya Gunarathne Jayanta Kumar Biswas Yaser A.Almaroai Meththika Vithanage Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka Enviromicrobiology Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research UnitDepartment of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological EngineeringUniversity of KalyaniKalyaniNadia 741235West BengalIndia Department of Biology Faculty of Applied ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Molecular Microbiology and Human Diseases National Institute of Fundamental StudiesKandySri Lanka

Salinity and acidity have affected several hundred million hectares of land throughout the globe which poses a major threat to global food security and *** of organic amendments for salt-affected soils has been identified as one of the most effective ways to mitigate salinity-induced problems and considered as a green technique offering twin benefits of waste load reduction and land ***,studies on reclaiming acidic-salt affected soils are ***,this study aimed to determine the reclamation potential of biochars and organic amendments involving Gliricidia sepium biochar produced at 300℃,500℃,and 700℃,green waste compost,and municipal sewage sludge at three different amend-ment ratios,1.0%,2.5%and 5.0%.The incubation experiment was conducted for a 4-month period with different amendment ratios applied to the coastal acidic-salt affected *** were extracted from incubation pots after 1 and 4 months and analyzed for soil chemical parameters(pH,EC,NO_(3)^(−),PO_(4)^(3−,total organic carbon,cation exchange capacity,sodium adsorption ratio,exchangeable sodium percentage)and microbial enzyme activity(catalase activity,and acid-and alkaline phosphatase activity).All organic amendments demonstrated enhancement of the soil properties in a significant ***,increasing incubation time and amendment ratio increase the changes of soil parameters by a great ***,the maximum amendment ratio of 5.0%and 4 months of incubation period rendered a significant improvement in the reclamation of acidic-salt affected ***,the biochar produced at 500℃ contributed the maximum towards the improved physicochemical and biochemical profile of acidic-salt affected soil,making it the most promising organic amend-ment for the reclamation of acidic-salt affected *** overall reclamation efficiency of organic amendments registered the following order of variation:700 BC

关键词： Salinity soil acidity Compost Biosolids soil amendment