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Adoption of technologies that enhance soil carbon sequestration in East Africa. What influence farmers' decision?

International soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第1期8卷 90-101页

作者： Stanley Karanja Ng'ang'a Dorcas Anyango Jalang'o Evan Hartunian Girvetz International Centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) National Agricultural Research Laboratories-KawandaP.O.Box 6247KampalaUganda International Centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.Box 823-00621NairobiKenya

The last two decades have seen a rise of interest in the adoption and diffusion of agricultural technologies aimed at improving the sustainability of agricultural lands among smallholder farmers in developing *** papers set out to understand factors that influence the adoption of technologies that enhance soil carbon sequestration among smallholder farmers,using secondary data recorded in the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies(WOCAT)database from 45 to 50 smallholders'farmers in selected places in Kenya and Ethiopia respectively.A Probit model was used to analyse whether socio-economic,institutional,off-farm income,technical know-how,farmers'percep-tions,and land use characteristics influences the adoption of technologies that enhance soil carbon *** results show that smallholder farmers that positively perceived net benefits of the soil carbon enhancing technologies were more likely to adopt such technologies that enhance soil carbon sequestration in both *** to off-farm income and land ownership with title deeds were also found to be positively associated with ***-farm income positively influences adoption among farmer with a moderate income(100-500US$per year)but not the rich(>500US$)*** to high level of skills and technical know-how required for implementing and maintaining a technology on the farm had a negative influence on *** shows that interventions,aimed at addressing specific factors such as inadequate skills and knowledge,change in perception among farmers,and off-farm income are likely to have the greatest impact in decisions relating to the adoption of the soil carbon enhancing practices among farmers in East Africa.

关键词： Factors Influencing The adoption soil carbon Sequestration East Africa

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Effect of Hydrological Connectivity on soil carbon Storage in the Yellow River Delta Wetlands of China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第2期31卷 197-208页

作者： FENG Jiuge LIANG Jinfeng LI Qianwei ZHANG Xiaoya YUE Yi GAO Junqin School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration

Hydrological connectivity has significant effects on the functions of estuarine wetland *** study aimed to examine the dynamics of hydrological connectivity and its impact on soil carbon pool in the Yellow River Delta,*** calculated the hydrological connectivity based on the hydraulic resistance and graph theory,and measured soil total carbon and organic carbon under four different hydrological connectivity gradients(Ⅰ0‒0.03,Ⅱ0.03‒0.06,Ⅲ0.06‒0.12,Ⅳ0.12‒0.39).The results showed that hydrological connectivity increased in the north shore of the Yellow River and the south tidal flat from 2007 to 2018,which concentrated in the mainstream of the Yellow River and the tidal *** hydrological connectivity was maintained in the wetland restoration *** soil total carbon storage and organic carbon storage significantly increased with increasing hydrological connectivity fromⅠtoⅢgradient and decreased inⅣ*** highest soil total carbon storage of 0‒30 cm depth was 5172.34 g/m^(2),and organic carbon storage 2764.31 g/m^(2)inⅢ*** hydrological connectivity changed with temporal and spatial change during 2007‒2018 and had a noticeable impact on soil carbon storage in the Yellow River *** results indicated that appropriate hydrological connectivity,i.e.0.08,could effectively promote soil carbon storage.

关键词： coastal wetland hydrological connectivity soil carbon carbon storage spatiotemporal variation the Yellow River Delta

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Simulation of soil carbon changes due to land use change in urban areas in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第2期7卷 255-266页

作者： Cui HAO Jo SMITH Jiahua ZHANG Weiqing MENG Hongyuan LI Laboratory for Remote Sensing and Climate Change Information Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UU UK Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China College of Urban and Environmental Science Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

Land use change can have a strong impact on soil carbon dynamics and carbon stocks in urban areas. Due to rapid urbanization, large areas of land have been paved, and other areas have undergone rapid land use change. Evaluation of the impact of urbanization on carbon dynamics and carbon stock （30 cm） has become an issue of urgent concern. The soil carbon dynamics, due to rapid land use change in Tianjin Binhai New Area of China, have been simulated in this paper using the RothC model. Because this area is saline, a modified version of RothC that includes a salt rate modifier provided more accurate simulations than the original model. The conversion to urban green land was not accurately simulated by either of the models because of the undefined changes in soil and plant conditions. According to the model, changes of arable to grassland resulted in a decline in soil carbon stocks, and changes of grassland to forest and grassland to arable resulted in increased soil carbon stocks in this area. Across the whole area simulated, the total carbon stocks in 2010 had decreased due to land use change by 6.5% from the 1979 value. By 2050, a further decrease of 21.9% is expected according to the 2050 plan for land use and the continuing losses from the soils due to previous land use changes.

关键词： land use change soil carbon RothC urbanarea

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Changes in soil carbon Pools Induced by Substitution of Plantation for Native Forest

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Pedosphere 2003年第3期13卷 271-278页

作者： XUQIUFANG XUJIANMING DepartmentofResourcesandEnvironmentalScience ZhefiangForestryCollegeLin‘an311300(China) DepartmentofResourceScience CollegeofEnvironmentandResourceScienceghefiangUniversityHua-fiachiCampusHangzhou310029(China)

Changes in soil carbon pools under Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) andbamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) plantations substituted for a native forest (Quercus acutissima,Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Cas-tanopsis sclerophylla, Platycarya strobilacea, Lithocarpus glaber) werestudied on the hills with acid parent rock and soils classified as red soils (Ferrisols) in Huzhou,Zhejiang Province of east China. It was found that total soil organic carbon (TSOC), easilyoxidisable carbon (EOC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) under bamboo plantation wereincreased, but microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was decreased. On the contrary, Chinese fir induceddeclines of all fractions of C including TSOC, EOC, WSOC and MBC. The percentages of the activefractions of soil C (EOC and WSOC) were increased in the plantations as compared to the nativebroad-leaved forest, but proportions of soil organic C as MBC were decreased. It could be concludedthat bamboo plantation had a great ability of not only fixing C but also accelerating soil C poolcycle, improving nutrient and microorganism activity; therefore, it is a good ecosystem and could berecommended for wide development. Chinese fir would shrink the soil C pool and deteriorate soilbiological fertility, so it did not benefit CO2 fixing and land sustainable utilization.

关键词： bamboo broad-leaved forest chinese fir soil carbon

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Estimation of soil carbon pools in the forests of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2313-2321页

作者： Anwar Ali Muhammad Irfan Ashraf Saeed Gulzar Muhammad Akmal Bilal Ahmad Pakistan Forest Institute Peshawar 25130Pakistan Department of Forestry and Range Management PMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Institute of soil Science PMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Institute of Agriculture Sciences and Forestry University of SwatSwat 19130Pakistan

Forest soils have high carbon densities compared to other *** carbon sequestration is important to reduce CO 2 concentrations in the *** eff ective climate change mitigation strategy involves limiting the emissions of greenhouse gases from *** Pakhtunkhwa is the most forested province of Pakistan,hosting about one-third of the country’s 4.5×106 ha forest *** organic carbon in the province’s forests was estimated through a fi eld-based study carried out during 2014–17 covering the whole *** was collected from 373 sample plots laid out in diff erent forest types using a stratifi ed cluster sampling *** total quantity of soil organic carbon was estimated at 59.4×106 t with an average of 52.4±5.3 t/*** 69%of the total soil carbon is present in temperate *** broad-leaved and subtropical pine forests constitute 11.4%and 8.8%of the soil carbon stock ***,subalpine and oak forests have respective shares of 5.1%and 5.7%in the soil carbon *** lowest carbon stock(0.1%)was found in dry-tropical thorn *** highest soil carbon density was found in subalpine forests(69.5±7.2 t/ha)followed by moist temperate forests(68.5±6.7 t/ha)and dry temperate forests(60.7±6.5 t/ha).Oak forests have carbon density of 43.4±7.1 t/*** pine,subtropical broad-leaved and dry tropical thorn forests have soil carbon densities of 36.3±3.7,32.8±6.2 and 31.5±3.5 t/ha,*** forests of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province have substantial amounts of soil carbon which must be conserved for climate change mitigation and maintenance of sound forest health.

关键词： soil carbon carbon sequestration Climate change carbon sink Forests Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

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Impact of site management on changes in soil carbon after afforestation:A review

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Forestry Studies in China 2010年第3期12卷 158-165页

作者： SHI Jun CUI Lin-li TIAN Zhan Shanghai Climate Center Shanghai 200030 P. R. China Shanghai Center for Satellite Remote Sensing and Application Shanghai 201100 P. R. China

Afforestation and forest management can increase carbon stocks and account for emission reduction according to the Kyoto Protocol. Site management has important effects on the accumulation of soil carbon after afforestation. This review examines the effects of site management, including soil disturbance, fertilization, thinning, weed control, harvesting and controlled burning, on soil carbon dynamics in plantations, based on recent published results. soil disturbance can enhance soil carbon losses, with whole ploughing causing the most and disking the least loss of soil carbon. The effects of fertilization and thinning on soil carbon are in- conclusive. Weed control can prevent the carbon input from above-grotmd residue and root turnover and increase soil temperature and soil erosion, which in turn reduces the amount of carbon on the soil surface. soil carbon decreases with the increase of harvest- ing intensity and the retention of harvest residue can significantly enhance the accumulation of carbon in the soil. Controlled burning before afforestation has a short-term benefit for soil carbon, but it is not beneficial to the sequestration of soil carbon over the long term. Future studies should focus on investigating the long-term impact of site management practices, especially soil fertilization and thinning, on carbon, identifying the response of major functional pools of soil carbon to management practices, understanding the dy- namics of soil nitrogen pools and their role in long-term soil carbon sequestration, as well as quantifying soil carbon processes under different climate conditions and site management scenarios using models.

关键词： site management soil carbon afforestation plantation forest

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Opportunities to increase soil carbon sequestration in grazing lands in the southeastern United States

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Grassland Research 2024年第1期3卷 69-78页

作者： Maria L.Silveira Priscila Junia Rodrigues da Cruz Joao Mauricio Bueno Vendramini Elizabeth Boughton Rosvel Bracho Abmael da Silva Cardoso Range Cattle Research and Education Center University of FloridaOnaFloridaUSA Archbold Biological Station Lake PlacidFloridaUSA School of Forest Fisheriesand Geomatics SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:Grazing lands provide numerous ecosystem services,including the capacity to store large amounts of soil carbon(C);however,our understanding of the factors affecting soil C responses to management is ***:In this paper,we synthesized information about the impacts of grazing land management on soil C within the southeastern region of the United ***:Most studies(68%)demonstrated that proper management increased soil C stocks with an average C accumulation rate of 1.4 Mg C ha-1 *** remaining(32%)studies showed no effect of management on soil *** of the studies reported negative impacts of management on soil *** largest increase in soil C(8 Mg C ha-1 year-1)was associated with the conversion of cropland to pastureland while overseeding legumes into grass pastures resulted in the lowest C sequestration rates(0.2 Mg C ha-1 year-1).Conclusions:Considering the rates of soil C accretion and the extensive area occupied by grazing lands,data in this synthesis conﬁrm that the adoption of improved management practices can increase soil C sequestration in the southeastern United *** addition,because most improved management practices can also have co-beneﬁts,they may be favorable for forage and livestock production and other ecosystem services.

关键词： grazing management pasture soil carbon

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soil carbon Pool as Influenced by soil Microbial Activity—An Overview

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 175-193页

作者： Goutham Thotakuri Srushtideep Angidi Akshara Athelly Department of Plant soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Plant Pathology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

soil is a significant carbon reservoir with the capacity to store carbon twice as much as the atmosphere or plants. Given the significant potential of soil to capture and store atmospheric CO2, it presents a viable solution for mitigating the present and future impacts of climate change. However, due to its high susceptibility to global environmental issues like land degradation, loss of biodiversity, and climate change, monitoring and protecting soil carbon pools is a complex challenge. Intensive agricultural operations have detrimental effects on the soil, including the rapid breakdown of soil organic carbon, which releases excess carbon into the air, causing increased atmospheric CO2 levels and a depletion of the soil carbon reserves. The diversity and abundance of soil microbial communities play a crucial role in controlling essential ecosystem processes, including the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling, including carbon. Heterotrophic soil microorganisms facilitate the soil organic matter turnover to obtain the nutrients and energy required for their growth and maintenance. Therefore, the microbial residues and exudates have up to 80% carbon in the stable soil organic matter fractions. This overview attempts to summarize the information on various carbon pools, soil carbon interaction with microbes, impacts on environmental changes, and strategies to enhance the storage of belowground carbon.

关键词： soil carbon Microorganisms Decomposition carbon Storage and Land-Use Management

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Changes in soil carbon Stocks under Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest System in the Brazilian Amazon Region

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 904-913页

作者： Marcela C.G.da Conceicao Eduardo S.Matos Edison D.Bidone Renato de A.R.Rodrigues Renato C.Cordeiro Universidade Federal Fluminense NiteróiBrazil Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril SinopBrazil Embrapa Solos Rio de JaneiroBrazil

Several studies indicate that the use of integrated production systems, such as integrated crop-livestock-forest systems (ICLF), improves the quality of the soil and consequently the sequestration of organic carbon in the soil. In this way, this work aims to evaluate the carbon stocks in soil under different management systems in the Cerrado/Amazonia transition zone, namely: ICLF, no-tillage, pasture and eucalyptus plantation. For this, two soil samplings were done in 2011 and 2014, in the 0 - 5, 5 - 10 and 10 - 30 cm layers. soil carbon and nitrogen stocks were analyzed. ICLF system was the treatment that obtained the highest percentage of carbon gain (7.8%) after three years of establishment which represents to an increase of 5.5 Mg·ha-1. Management systems, such as ICLF, with minimal soil disturbance combined with crop rotations that contribute to the quantity and quality of residues input, increase soil organic matter content. carbon stock data show the potential of ICLF systems to increase soil carbon stocks.

关键词： Agriculture soil carbon ICLF soil Management

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Disturbance Legacy on soil carbon Stocks and Stability within a Coastal Temperate Forest of Southwestern British Columbia, Canada

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Open Journal of Forestry 2016年第5期6卷 305-323页

作者： Camille E. Defrenne Julie E. Wilson Suzanne W. Simard Les M. Lavkulich Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

Although it has been recognized that soils play a critical role in carbon storage and that coastal temperate forests have considerable potential to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC), studies related to SOC stocks and stability are scarce in these ecosystems. Forest disturbances may leave legacies on SOC properties and may further compromise SOC storage capacity of these ecosystems. In the Pacific Spirit Regional Park of southwestern British Columbia, we compared SOC stocks and stability among three second-growth forests that have been affected by disturbances of different magnitudes. We collected data on soil chemical and physical properties to estimate SOC content and assess SOC stability. We found that SOC stocks in the forest characterized by low magnitude disturbance were greater than those of the forest characterized by high magnitude disturbance (8.2 ± 1.3 kg·Cm-2 versus 5.3 ± 0.1 kg·Cm-2 to 30 cm depth). SOC was less stable in the highly disturbed forest and subsequent vegetation changes might have further reduced SOC stability. Our results provide insight into the role of disturbance history in the current SOC storage capacity of coastal temperate rainforests of British Columbia.

关键词： soil carbon Coastal Forest Disturbances History carbon Storage carbon Stocks

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